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European Journal of Medical Research Sep 2023Inflammatory disorders of the breast (IDB) damages the interests of women and children and hinders the progress of global health seriously. Several studies had offered...
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory disorders of the breast (IDB) damages the interests of women and children and hinders the progress of global health seriously. Several studies had offered clues between gut microbiota (GM) and inflammatory disorders of the breast (IDB). The gut-mammary gland axis also implied a possible contribution of the GM to IDB. However, the causality between them is still elusive.
METHODS
The data of two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study related to the composition of GM (n = 18,340) and IDB (n = 177,446) were accessed from openly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database. As the major analytical method, inverse variance weighted (IVW) was introduced and several sensitive analytical methods were conducted to verify results.
RESULTS
Inverse variance weighted revealed Eubacterium rectale group (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.02-3.43, p = 4.20E-02), Olsenella (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.64, p = 3.30E-02), Ruminiclostridium-6 (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.08-2.14, p = 1.60E-02) had an anti-protective effect on IDB. Peptococcus (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60-0.94, p = 1.30E-02) had a protective effect on IDB. The results were credible through a series of test.
CONCLUSIONS
We revealed causality between IDB and GM taxa, exactly including Ruminiclostridium-6, Eubacterium rectale group, Olsenella and Peptococcus. These genera may become novel biomarkers and supply new viewpoint for probiotic treatment. However, these findings warrant further test owing to the insufficient evidences.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Genome-Wide Association Study; Actinobacteria; Evidence Gaps; Probiotics
PubMed: 37679821
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01281-6 -
Microbiota composition modulates inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia after arterial angioplasty.Journal of Vascular Surgery Apr 2020Neointimal hyperplasia is a major contributor to restenosis after arterial interventions, but the genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying the variable propensity...
BACKGROUND
Neointimal hyperplasia is a major contributor to restenosis after arterial interventions, but the genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying the variable propensity for neointimal hyperplasia between individuals, including the role of commensal microbiota, are not well understood. We sought to characterize how shifting the microbiome using cage sharing and bedding mixing between rats with differing restenosis phenotypes after carotid artery balloon angioplasty could alter arterial remodeling.
METHODS
We co-housed and mixed bedding between genetically distinct rats (Lewis [LE] and Sprague-Dawley [SD]) that harbor different commensal microbes and that are known to have different neointimal hyperplasia responses to carotid artery balloon angioplasty. Sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to monitor changes in the gut microbiome.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in neointimal hyperplasia between non-co-housed LE and SD rats 14 days after carotid artery angioplasty (mean intima + media [I + M] area, 0.117 ± 0.014 mm LE vs 0.275 ± 0.021 mm SD; P < .001) that were diminished by co-housing. Co-housing also altered local adventitial Ki67 immunoreactivity, local accumulation of leukocytes and macrophages (total and M2), and interleukin 17A concentration 3 days after surgery in each strain. Non-co-housed SD and LE rats had microbiomes distinguished by both weighted (P = .012) and unweighted (P < .001) UniFrac beta diversity distances, although without significant differences in alpha diversity. The difference in unweighted beta diversity between the fecal microbiota of SD and LE rats was significantly reduced by co-housing. Operational taxonomic units that significantly correlated with average I + M area include Parabacteroides distasonis, Desulfovibrio, Methanosphaera, Peptococcus, and Prevotella. Finally, serum concentrations of microbe-derived metabolites hydroxyanthranilic acid and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio were significantly associated with I + M area in both rat strains independent of co-housing.
CONCLUSIONS
We describe a novel mechanism for how microbiome manipulations affect arterial remodeling and the inflammatory response after arterial injury. A greater understanding of the host inflammatory-microbe axis could uncover novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of restenosis.
Topics: Angioplasty, Balloon; Animals; Carotid Artery Injuries; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Hyperplasia; Inflammation; Neointima; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 32035769
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.06.208 -
Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii Feb 2022Quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiome of the skin affect the emergence and course of allergic diseases, in particular, of acute urticaria.
INTRODUCTION
Quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiome of the skin affect the emergence and course of allergic diseases, in particular, of acute urticaria.
AIM
To investigate the taxonomic composition of the skin microbiota in children with acute urticaria and to study its effect on the course of the disease.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In total, 75 children with diagnosed acute urticaria at the age of 7--14 years were examined. The average age of children was 10.83 ±0.95, of which 44 (58.7%) were boys, and 31 (41.3%) were girls. The control group consisted of 30 virtually healthy children of the appropriate age, of whom 16 (53.3%) were boys, and 13 (46.7%) were girls.
RESULTS
Regardless of the severity of the disease, the examined children suffering from acute urticaria had sensitization in history with a significant prevalence of food sensitization ( < 0.05). The occurrence of a severe episode of acute urticaria is associated with allergens of drug origin in 52.6% of cases and the action of unidentified triggers in 47.4% of cases. In children with acute urticaria, , bacteria of the genus , and dominated on a non-affected skin area, while for the affected skin area, the , bacteria of the genus , and were denoted as dominating.
CONCLUSIONS
High frequency of detection on affected and non- affected skin areas in children with acute urticaria is a predictor of the disease severity.
PubMed: 35369637
DOI: 10.5114/ada.2022.113808 -
British Medical Journal Jul 1979Fifty-two patients with axillary abscesses were seen during two years. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 34, anaerobic bacteria from 12, and skin flora from five;...
Fifty-two patients with axillary abscesses were seen during two years. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 34, anaerobic bacteria from 12, and skin flora from five; in one case the pus was sterile. Seven patients with hidradenitis suppurativa had recurrent infection with abscess formation, which was bilateral in three. Anaerobes were isolated in five of these cases and skin flora alone in two. Anaerobes are secondary invaders in this condition, and histological examination shows that the primary abnormality is obstruction of pilosebaceous follicles and apocrine glands, associated with keratin plugging of the follicles. Chemotherapy offers little hope of cure, although metronidazole removes the offensive smell of the discharge. Radical surgery is usually indicated.
Topics: Abscess; Adult; Anaerobiosis; Axilla; Bacteroides; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peptococcus; Skin; Skin Diseases; Staphylococcus aureus; Sweat Glands
PubMed: 466270
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.6181.5 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2022The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on inflammatory response and intestinal microflora in broiler chicken jejuna. A total of 120 broiler...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on inflammatory response and intestinal microflora in broiler chicken jejuna. A total of 120 broiler chickens were allocated into 3 groups: saline-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (CTR group), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (L group) and LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg quercetin (LQ group). Our results showed that LPS significantly increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-γ, toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and diamine oxidase activity (DAO), and decreased expression of zona occludens-1 ZO-1, Occludin and Bcl-2 in the jejunum, while dietary quercetin prevented the adverse effects of LPS injection. LPS injection significantly decreased the number of , and at the phylum level when compared to the CTR group. Additionally, at genus level, compared with the CTR group, the abundance of , , , , , and in L group was significantly decreased, while dietary quercetin restored the numbers of these bacteria. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that dietary quercetin could alleviate inflammatory responses of broiler chickens accompanied by modulating jejunum microflora.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Chickens; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Quercetin
PubMed: 35630745
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103269 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2022Metabolites produced by an altered gut microbiota might mediate the effects in the brain. Among metabolites, the fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered...
Metabolites produced by an altered gut microbiota might mediate the effects in the brain. Among metabolites, the fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered to be potential biomarkers. In this study, we examined both the VOCs and bacterial taxa in the feces from healthy subjects and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients at early and middle stages. Remarkably, 29 fecal VOCs and 13 bacterial genera were differentiated from the healthy subjects and the AD patients. In general, higher amounts of acids and esters were found in in the feces of the AD patients and terpenes, sulfur compounds and aldehydes in the healthy subjects. At the early stage of AD, the most relevant VOCs with a higher abundance were short-chain fatty acids and their producing bacteria, and . Coinciding with the development of dementia in the AD patients, parallel rises of heptanoic acid and were observed. At a more advanced stage of AD, the microbiota and volatiles shifted towards a profile in the feces with increases in hexanoic acid, and . The most remarkable VOCs that were associated with the healthy subjects were 4-ethyl-phenol and dodecanol, together with their possible producers and . Our results revealed a VOCs and microbiota crosstalk in AD development and their profiles in the feces were specific depending on the stage of AD. Additionally, some of the most significant fecal VOCs identified in our study could be used as potential biomarkers for the initiation and progression of AD.
Topics: Humans; Volatile Organic Compounds; Alzheimer Disease; Microbiota; Cognitive Dysfunction; Feces; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Bacteria; Biomarkers
PubMed: 36614151
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010707 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2021This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary Thw. (LST) powder supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, intestinal...
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary Thw. (LST) powder supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiome in broiler chickens. A total of 400 1-day-old male Guangxi partridge broilers (initial body weight: 42.52 ± 0.06 g) were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments: LST0 group (a basal diet), LST1 group (a basal diet with 1% LST powder), LST2 group (a basal diet with 2% LST powder), LST4 group (a basal diet with 4% LST powder), 10 replicates for each treatment, and 10 broilers in each treatment group. Results indicated that the average daily feed intake of broilers during 22-42 days and the average daily gain of chickens during 1-42 days significantly increased by dietary supplementation of LST powder ( < 0.01), while the feed conversion ratio during the overall periods was decreased by dietary supplementation of LST powder ( < 0.01). Except for the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver ( > 0.05), the levels of SOD, catalase (CAT) and GSH-Px in serum, liver, and breast muscle were significantly increased in the LST supplemented groups ( < 0.05), while the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum, liver, and breast muscle were significantly decreased in the LST supplemented groups ( < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased by the addition of dietary LST powder ( < 0.01), while the levels of HDL-C, Ca, Fe, Mg, and P were linearly increased by the addition of dietary LST powder ( < 0.01). With respect to the gut morphometric, crypt depth was significantly decreased by LST supplementation ( < 0.05), while villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth were notably increased by LST supplementation ( < 0.05). Sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) from the cecal contents of broilers revealed that the composition of the chicken gut microbiota was altered by LST supplementation. The α-diversity of microbiota in broilers was increased ( < 0.05) in the LST1 group, but was decreased ( < 0.05) in the LST2 and LST4 groups compared with the LST0 group. The differential genera enriched in the LST1 group, such as , were closely related to the increased growth performance, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, Ca, Mg, and reduced blood lipid in the treated broilers.
PubMed: 35096929
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.775223 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 1979Gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) profiles of cellular fatty acids and metabolic products were useful in identifying strains of Peptococcus saccharolyticus, Peptococcus...
Gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) profiles of cellular fatty acids and metabolic products were useful in identifying strains of Peptococcus saccharolyticus, Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Peptostreptococcus micros, and Streptococcus intermedius. The GLC results supported the recent taxonomic decision to transfer aerotolerant Peptostreptococcus species to the genus Streptococcus. Because inconsistencies in the results prevented our differentiating Peptococcus prevotii. Peptococcus magnus, and Peptococcus variabilis by GLC, additional strains will have to been examined. These GLC techniques are amenable to routine use; however, for interlaboratory results to be meaningful, the classification and nomenclature of the anaerobic gram-positive cocci should be standardized.
Topics: Amines; Chromatography, Gas; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Peptococcus; Peptostreptococcus; Species Specificity; Streptococcus
PubMed: 528680
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.10.4.464-476.1979 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Dec 2022This study is aimed at the effects of low-protein diets with four amino acids balanced on serum biochemical parameters and colonic microflora of finishing pigs....
This study is aimed at the effects of low-protein diets with four amino acids balanced on serum biochemical parameters and colonic microflora of finishing pigs. Fifty-four healthy (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) hybrid barrows with an average body weight of 70.12 ± 4.03 kg were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments with three barrows per pen and six pens per treatment. The barrows were fed a normal protein diet (NP), a low-protein diet (LP), and a very low-protein diet (VLP). Compared with the NP diet, reduced dietary protein did not influence serum biochemical parameters (p > 0.05). The valeric acid was significantly increased with the VLP diet (p < 0.05). Compared with the NP diets, the abundance of Terrisporobacter (13.37%) Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 (23.37%) and Turicibacter (2.57%) increased to 21.04, 33.42 and 13.68% in LP diets and 16.72, 43.71 and 14.61% in VLP diets, while the abundance of Lactobacillus (9.30%) and Streptococcus (25.26%) decreased to 3.57 and 14.50% in LP diets and 1.86 and 4.07% in VLP diets. Turicibacter and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_6 had a powerful negative correlation with the content of valeric acid (p < 0.01), while Peptococcus and Clostridia_UCG-014 had a very solid positive correlation (p < 0.01). In conclusion, reducing dietary protein level can improve colon microbiota composition, especially reducing the abundance of bacteria related to nitrogen metabolism, but has no significant effect on SCFA except valeric acid. In addition, reduction in the dietary protein level by 5.48% had more different flora than that of 2.74% reduction in dietary CP level.
PubMed: 36611619
DOI: 10.3390/ani13010009 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022The physiological state of the host affects the gut microbes. The estrus cycle is critical to the reproductive cycle of sows. However, the association between gut...
The physiological state of the host affects the gut microbes. The estrus cycle is critical to the reproductive cycle of sows. However, the association between gut microbes and animal estrus is poorly understood. Here, high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) non-targeted metabolome technology were used to study the estrous cycles in Diannan small ear pigs. Significantly different gut microbiota and metabolites of sows at estrous and diestrus were screened out and the correlation was analyzed. We found that the intestinal microbial composition and microbial metabolism of Diannan small ear sows were significantly different at diestrus and metestrus. The abundances of , , , , , , and in intestinal microorganisms of Diannan small ear sows at metestrus are significantly higher than that at diestrus. Propionic acid, benzyl butyrate, sucrose, piperidine, and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) were significantly enriched at metestrus compared with diestrus, which were involved in the energy metabolism-related pathways and activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. At diestrus and metestrus, differential microbiota of , , , , and differential metabolites of piperidine, propionic acid, and benzyl butyrate, sucrose, 4-methyl catechol, and AICAR exist a certain degree of correlation. Therefore, , , and may have a potential role at metestrus of the Diannan small ear sows. AICAR may be apotential marker of estrus Diannan small ear sows feces, but further studies about the specific mechanism are needed. These findings provide a new perspective for sows production management and improving sows reproductive performance.
PubMed: 35516431
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.826881