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Microbiology Spectrum Feb 2022Cognitive impairment (CI) is among the most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), with a substantially negative impact on patient management and...
Cognitive impairment (CI) is among the most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), with a substantially negative impact on patient management and outcome. The development and progression of CI exhibits high interindividual variability, which requires better diagnostic and monitoring strategies. PD patients often display sweating disorders resulting from autonomic dysfunction, which has been associated with CI. Because the axillary microbiota is known to change with humidity level and sweat composition, we hypothesized that the axillary microbiota of PD patients shifts in association with CI progression, and thus can be used as a proxy for classification of CI stages in PD. We compared the axillary microbiota compositions of 103 PD patients (55 PD patients with dementia [PDD] and 48 PD patients with mild cognitive impairment [PD-MCI]) and 26 cognitively normal healthy controls (HC). We found that axillary microbiota profiles differentiate HC, PD-MCI, and PDD groups based on differential ranking analysis, and detected an increasing trend in the log ratio of to in progression from HC to PDD. In addition, phylogenetic factorization revealed that the depletion of the , and genera is associated with PD-MCI and PDD. Moreover, functional predictions suggested significant increases in myo-inositol degradation, ergothioneine biosynthesis, propionate biosynthesis, menaquinone biosynthesis, and the proportion of aerobic bacteria and biofilm formation capacity, in parallel to increasing CI. Our results suggest that alterations in axillary microbiota are associated with CI in PD. Thus, axillary microbiota has the potential to be exploited as a noninvasive tool in the development of novel strategies. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive impairment (CI) in PD has significant negative impacts on life quality of patients. The emergence and progression of cognitive impairment shows high variability among PD patients, and thus requires better diagnostic and monitoring strategies. Recent findings indicate a close link between autonomic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Since thermoregulatory dysfunction and skin changes are among the main manifestations of autonomic dysfunction in PD, we hypothesized that alterations in the axillary microbiota may be useful for tracking cognitive impairment stages in PD. To our knowledge, this the first study characterizing the axillary microbiota of PD patients and exploring its association with cognitive impairment stages in PD. Future studies should include larger cohorts and multicenter studies to validate our results and investigate potential biological mechanisms.
Topics: Aged; Axilla; Bacteria; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease; Phylogeny
PubMed: 35138147
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02358-21 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2020The vaginal microbiota of healthy women typically has low diversity, which increases after perturbations. Among these, lifestyle associated with certain sexual and...
The vaginal microbiota of healthy women typically has low diversity, which increases after perturbations. Among these, lifestyle associated with certain sexual and antimicrobial practices may be associated with higher diversity. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the vaginal microbiota in the cervicovaginal and introital sites in sexually active Amerindians (N = 82) spanning urbanization, and in urban mestizos (N = 29), in the Venezuelan Amazonas. HPV status was also considered. Sampling was performed in an urban gradient from remote villages to a town, and women were individually classified by the degree of urbanization (low, medium, and high). Amerindian cervicovaginal and introital microbiota diversity were not associated with major changes in urbanization or ethnicity. There was a non-significant trend of increased diversity with urbanization, with a few taxa found overrepresented in urban Amerindians (Brevibacterium linens and Peptoniphilus lacrimalis) or mestizos (Mobiluncus mulieris and Prevotella sp.). Among all women, cervicovaginal and introital samples clustered, respectively, in four and two community state types (CSTs), where most profiles were dominated by Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella vaginalis or were highly diverse profiles. HPV status did not associate with microbial diversity. In conclusion, no association was found between urban level and the vaginal microbiome in Amerindian women, and little difference was found between ethnicities. L. iners and high diversity profiles, associated with vaginal health outcomes, prevail in these populations.
Topics: Biodiversity; Cervix Uteri; Cluster Analysis; Female; Geography; Humans; Microbiota; Papillomavirus Infections; Urbanization; Vagina; Venezuela; American Indian or Alaska Native
PubMed: 32719372
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69111-x -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2022is a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, which forms part of the normal flora and the human commensals of the skin, genitourinary system, and gut. It can cause...
is a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, which forms part of the normal flora and the human commensals of the skin, genitourinary system, and gut. It can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and is frequently isolated as part of polymicrobial spectra. Severe monomicrobial infections caused by the genus rarely occur. In this study, we report on septic shock, renal abscess, and bacteremia due to in a woman with nephrosis and diabetes mellitus. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to describe isolated from both renal abscess and blood cultures purely. The underlying diseases of the host and the removal of the double J tube were significant predisposing factors in this infection.
PubMed: 35281574
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S353966 -
-associated septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in a woman with osteoarthritis and diabetes mellitus.BMJ Case Reports Jun 2017, a Gram-positive obligatory anaerobic coccus, is a commensal of the human vagina and gut and can be an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. It is...
, a Gram-positive obligatory anaerobic coccus, is a commensal of the human vagina and gut and can be an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. It is usually part of polymicrobial anaerobic infections such as skin and soft tissue infections in diabetics, bone and joint infections and surgical site infections; however, infections caused by in pure culture have been reported as well. Herein, we describe a case of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis caused by in a woman with osteoarthritis and diabetes mellitus.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis; Osteomyelitis; Peptostreptococcus; Treatment Outcome; Vancomycin
PubMed: 28576913
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219969 -
Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Aug 2023Almost 90% of Behçet's patients present with oral and/or genital ulcers which influence the disease outcome. We hypothesised that the dysregulation of the oral and...
UNLABELLED
Almost 90% of Behçet's patients present with oral and/or genital ulcers which influence the disease outcome. We hypothesised that the dysregulation of the oral and genital microbiome, coupled with dysregulation of the immune response, contributes to the aetiopathogenesis of Behçet's Disease (BD) and drives disease activation.
METHOD
152 BD patient samples; 70 matched oral and genital samples plus 12 unmatched samples (Female: Male, 58:12; mean age, 42 ± 13.9: 39.3 ± 10.3) to profile microbial community high-throughput sequencing of the microbiome using 16 s rRNA sequencing targeting the V1/V2 and V3/V4 hyper variable regions were used and results reviewed in relation to disease severity, Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) outcomes and medication.
RESULTS
Alpha and beta diversity were significantly decreased in genital compared to oral samples; p value<0.05. However, grouping the samples as to whether ulceration was present was not significant. Escherichia-Shigella was the only Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in the V1/V2 region that was shared between the oral mucosa with ulcer (O_U) and genital mucosa with ulcer (G_U) groups. This was in contrast to the V3/V4 region which indicated that Lachnospiraceae, Saccharimonadales, and Coriobacteriales were shared between the O_U and G_U groups. In addition, gender had no impact on the bacterial abundance in V1/V2 analysis of the oral and genital samples. V3/V4 analysis of genital samples demonstrated that Lactobacilli and Gardnerella were significantly increased in females (20 times) compared to the males in samples; p-adj <0.05. Interestingly in BD patients, Rothia which is commonly found in the mouth was present in both oral and genital samples. Streptococci were significantly increased while Veillonella significantly decreased in the presence of oral ulceration in the BD cohort. The clinical phenotype had no effect on V1/V2 and V3/V4 on the bacterial abundance of oral samples. However, medication e.g. colchicine had a significant effect on the oral microbial abundance (V1/V2; P = 0.020, V3/V4; P = 0.003). There was no relationship between colchicine and the presence/absence of genital ulcers. BD patients with active disease had higher WSAS scores, and their bacterial abundance differed significantly from the non-active BD patients (ADONIS, R2 = 0.05, p value =0.029).
CONCLUSION
The presence of the microbes Streptococcus, Veillonella, Gardnerella, Lactobacillus, Atopobium, Peptoniphilus, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus may provide early evidence of BD patients are with active disease.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Behcet Syndrome; Ulcer; Microbiota; Genitalia; Bacteria; Mucous Membrane; Colchicine
PubMed: 37257548
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109654 -
European Urology Oncology Aug 2022Bacteria play a suspected role in the development of several cancer types, and associations between the presence of particular bacteria and prostate cancer have been... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Bacteria play a suspected role in the development of several cancer types, and associations between the presence of particular bacteria and prostate cancer have been reported.
OBJECTIVE
To provide improved characterisation of the prostate and urine microbiome and to investigate the prognostic potential of the bacteria present.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Microbiome profiles were interrogated in sample collections of patient urine (sediment microscopy: n = 318, 16S ribosomal amplicon sequencing: n = 46; and extracellular vesicle RNA-seq: n = 40) and cancer tissue (n = 204).
OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Microbiomes were assessed using anaerobic culture, population-level 16S analysis, RNA-seq, and whole genome DNA sequencing.
RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS
We demonstrate an association between the presence of bacteria in urine sediments and higher D'Amico risk prostate cancer (discovery, n = 215 patients, p < 0.001; validation, n = 103, p < 0.001, χ test for trend). Characterisation of the bacterial community led to the (1) identification of four novel bacteria (Porphyromonas sp. nov., Varibaculum sp. nov., Peptoniphilus sp. nov., and Fenollaria sp. nov.) that were frequently found in patient urine, and (2) definition of a patient subgroup associated with metastasis development (p = 0.015, log-rank test). The presence of five specific anaerobic genera, which includes three of the novel isolates, was associated with cancer risk group, in urine sediment (p = 0.045, log-rank test), urine extracellular vesicles (p = 0.039), and cancer tissue (p = 0.035), with a meta-analysis hazard ratio for disease progression of 2.60 (95% confidence interval: 1.39-4.85; p = 0.003; Cox regression). A limitation is that functional links to cancer development are not yet established.
CONCLUSIONS
This study characterises prostate and urine microbiomes, and indicates that specific anaerobic bacteria genera have prognostic potential.
PATIENT SUMMARY
In this study, we investigated the presence of bacteria in patient urine and the prostate. We identified four novel bacteria and suggest a potential prognostic utility for the microbiome in prostate cancer.
Topics: Bacteria; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35450835
DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2022.03.006 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021The commensal microbiome influences skin immunity, but its function in toenail health remains unclear. Paronychia is one of the most common inflammatory toenail...
The commensal microbiome influences skin immunity, but its function in toenail health remains unclear. Paronychia is one of the most common inflammatory toenail diseases, but antibiotic treatment is seldom effective in clinical cases. In this study, we performed sequencing to investigate the characteristics of microbes associated with paronychia in order to identify the key microorganisms involved in inflammation. Seventy dermic samples were collected from patients with paronychia and the differences in dermic microbiota were analyzed in patients with different inflammation severities. Distinct clustering of dermal microbiota was observed in the dermis with different inflammation severities. A higher relative abundance of anaerobic microorganisms such as , , and was observed in severe paronychia, whereas disappeared with disease progression. Co-occurring network analysis suggested that the disturbance of the dermic microbiome and attenuation of antagonism by against anaerobic pathogens may aggravate inflammation in paronychia. Functional analysis showed that dermic microbiome disturbance may worsen microbial metabolism and tissue repair in the skin. In conclusion, we revealed that an increased abundance of anaerobic microorganisms and loss of in the dermis may promote paronychia progression and microbiological imbalance may aggravate inflammation in patients with paronychia.
Topics: Humans; Inflammation; Microbiota; Nails; Paronychia; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34926325
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.781927 -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Mar 2024There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including spp., spp., spp., spp.,... (Review)
Review
There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including spp., spp., spp., spp., spp., spp spp and spp. linked to multiple cancer types. In this review we explore these pathogenic associations. The mechanisms by which bacteria are known or predicted to interact with human cells are reviewed and we present an overview of the interlinked mechanisms and hypotheses of how multiple intracellular anaerobic bacterial pathogens may act together to cause host cell and tissue microenvironment changes associated with carcinogenesis and cancer cell invasion. These include combined effects on changes in cell signalling, DNA damage, cellular metabolism and immune evasion. Strategies for early detection and eradication of anaerobic cancer-associated bacterial pathogens that may prevent cancer progression are proposed.
Topics: Humans; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Carcinogenesis; Immune Evasion; Porphyromonas; Signal Transduction; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 38535967
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001817 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2021Several studies using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) reported that lung microbial communities were associated with the development and clinical outcome of...
Several studies using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) reported that lung microbial communities were associated with the development and clinical outcome of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the microbial communities in IPF lung tissues are not well known. This study is aimed to investigate bacterial microbial communities in lung tissues and determine their impact on the clinical outcomes of patients with IPF. Genomic DNA extracted from lung tissues of patients with IPF ( = 20; 10 non-survivors) and age- and sex-matched controls ( = 20) was amplified using fusion primers targeting the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S RNA genes with indexing barcodes. Mean age of IPF subjects was 63.3 yr, and 65% were male. Alpha diversity indices did not significantly differ between IPF patients and controls, or between IPF non-survivors and survivors. The relative abundance of , and was increased, whereas that of , and decreased in patients with IPF compared with that in the controls. A decreased relative abundance of (odds ratio [OR], 0.352, = 0.027) and (OR, 0.013, = 0.046) was associated with a diagnosis of IPF in the multivariable logistic analysis adjusted by age and gender. Multivariable Cox analysis adjusted for age and forced vital capacity (FVC) revealed that higher relative abundance of (hazard ratio [HR], 1.993, = 0.044), (HR, 57.590, = 0.024), and (HR, 37.189, = 0.038) was independently associated with IPF mortality. The relative abundance of ( = 0.590) and ( = 0.373) was correlated positively, whereas that of ( = -0.509) and ( = -0.593) was correlated inversely with FVC. In addition, the relative abundance of the ( = 0.616) and ( = 0.606) genera was positively correlated, whereas that of the ( = -0.464) and ( = -0.495) genera was inversely correlated with distance during the 6-min walking test. The composition of the microbiome in lung tissues differed between patients with IPF and controls and was associated with the diagnosis, mortality, and disease severity of IPF.
PubMed: 34733866
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.744523 -
PloS One 2020Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) lead to nearly 100,000 lower limb amputations annually in the United States. DFUs are colonized by complex microbial communities, and...
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) lead to nearly 100,000 lower limb amputations annually in the United States. DFUs are colonized by complex microbial communities, and infection is one of the most common reasons for diabetes-related hospitalizations and amputations. In this study, we examined how DFU microbiomes respond to initial sharp debridement and offloading and how the initial composition associates with 4 week healing outcomes. We employed 16S rRNA next generation sequencing to perform microbial profiling on 50 samples collected from 10 patients with vascularized neuropathic DFUs. Debrided wound samples were obtained at initial visit and after one week from two DFU locations, wound bed and wound edge. Samples of the foot skin outside of the wounds were also collected for comparison. We showed that DFU wound beds are colonized by a greater number of distinct bacterial phylotypes compared to the wound edge or skin outside the wound. However, no significant microbiome diversity changes occurred at the wound sites after one week of standard care. Finally, increased initial abundance of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC), especially Peptoniphilus (p < 0.05; n = 5 subjects), was associated with impaired healing; thus, GPAC's abundance could be a predictor of the wound-healing outcome.
Topics: Aged; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Debridement; Diabetic Foot; Female; Foot Ulcer; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Cocci; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 31978071
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227006