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Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Dec 2022The aim of the study was to characterize the dynamics of anaerobic cultivable postpartum microbiota in the uterus of dairy cows. In total, 122 dairy cows were enrolled...
The aim of the study was to characterize the dynamics of anaerobic cultivable postpartum microbiota in the uterus of dairy cows. In total, 122 dairy cows were enrolled and sampled on day 0 (day of calving) and on days 3, 9, 15, 21, and 28 postpartum (pp). Samples were cultivated anaerobically and analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. In total, 1858 isolates were recovered. The most prevalent facultative anaerobic genera were (27.8%), (25.4%), and (13.1%). The most prevalent obligate anaerobes were (9.3%), (3.3%), and (2.4%). The microbial communities were highly dynamic and diverse. On the animal level, on day 21 and 28 pp was associated with clinical endometritis, and on day 21 pp was associated with subclinical endometritis. The occurrence of on day 28 was related to uterine health. The presence of , , and was significantly associated with an increased risk for purulent vaginal discharge. Primiparous cows showed a higher prevalence of , , , and spp. than multiparous cows but were not more susceptible to uterine diseases. This study might provide a suitable basis for future co-cultivation studies to elucidate potential synergistic interactions between microbiota.
PubMed: 36611691
DOI: 10.3390/ani13010082 -
Microbes and Environments 2023The umbilicus accumulates more dirt than other body surfaces and is difficult to clean. Hygiene in this area is vital, particularly for surgery, because of its proximity...
The umbilicus accumulates more dirt than other body surfaces and is difficult to clean. Hygiene in this area is vital, particularly for surgery, because of its proximity to the laparotomy site. Although microorganisms in the umbilicus have been extensively examined, those in umbilical dirt have not due to the lack of an efficient method of collection. We previously established a technique to extract umbilical dirt using the anchor effect of polymers, which are injected into the umbilicus. In the present study, we applied this technique for the first time to investigate umbilical dirt. The results obtained revealed an abundance of Corynebacterium among various bacteria, whereas Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus, which are abundant at other skin sites, were rare. The relationships between the microbiota and issues related to the umbilicus were investigated and some covariates, including the odor score and several bacteria, were identified. A detailed ana-lysis of the genera associated with odor revealed no correlation with Corynebacterium; however, some minor anaerobic bacteria, such as Mobiluncus, Arcanobacterium, and Peptoniphilus, were more abundant in the high odor score group. Therefore, this technique to collect umbilical dirt provided insights into the microbiota in umbilical dirt and suggested functions for minor anaerobes. Furthermore, since various pathogenic microorganisms were detected, their control may contribute to the prevention of both odor production and infectious diseases caused by these microorganisms.
Topics: Umbilicus; Odorants; Microbiota; Bacteria; Bacteria, Anaerobic; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 37407492
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23007 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is influenced by estrogen metabolism and immune response, which are modulated by several factors including the microbiome and...
BACKGROUND
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is influenced by estrogen metabolism and immune response, which are modulated by several factors including the microbiome and inflammation. Therefore, there is increasing interest in understanding the role of microbiota in PMO.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate variations in gut microbiota (GM) and vaginal microbiota (VM) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
METHODS
A total of 132 postmenopausal women were recruited for the study and divided into osteoporosis (n = 34), osteopenia (n = 47), and control (n = 51) groups based on their T score. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein were determined enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing was performed to investigate the GM and VM of the participants.
RESULTS
Significant differences were observed in the microbial compositions of fecal and vaginal samples between groups ( < 0.05). It was noted that for GM, , and spp. were enriched in the control group, whereas the abundances of , , and spp. were higher in the osteoporosis group than in the other groups. Additionally, for VM, was enriched in the control group, whereas the abundances of , and spp. were higher in the osteoporosis group than in the other groups. The predicted functional capacities of GM and VM were different in the various groups. We also found that the serum level of IL-10 in the osteoporosis group was significantly lower than that in the control group and osteopenia group, while TNF-α was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than that in the control group ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The results show that changes in BMD in postmenopausal women are associated with the changes in GM and VM; however, changes in GM are more closely correlated with PMO than VM.
Topics: Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vagina
PubMed: 36032115
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930244 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2023Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common gynecological malignancy and the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women in the United States mainly due to the...
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common gynecological malignancy and the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer in women in the United States mainly due to the late-stage diagnosis of this cancer. It is, therefore, critical to identify potential indicators to aid in early detection and diagnosis of this disease. We investigated the microbiome associated with OC and its potential role in detection, progression as well as prognosis of the disease. We identified a distinct OC microbiome with general enrichment of several microbial taxa, including Dialister, Corynebacterium, Prevotella, and Peptoniphilus in the OC cohort in all body sites excluding stool and omentum which were not sampled from the benign cohort. These taxa were, however, depleted in the advanced-stage and high-grade OC patients compared to early-stage and low-grade OC patients suggestive of decrease accumulation in advanced disease and could serve as potential indicators for early detection of OC. Similarly, we also observed the accumulation of these mainly pathogenic taxa in OC patients with adverse treatment outcomes compared to those without events and could also serve as potential indicators for predicting patients' responses to treatment. These findings provide important insights into the potential use of the microbiome as indicators in (1) early detection of and screening for OC and (2) predicting patients' response to treatment. Given the limited number of patients enrolled in the study, these results would need to be further investigated and confirmed in a larger study.
Topics: Humans; Female; Prognosis; Early Detection of Cancer; Ovarian Neoplasms; Microbiota
PubMed: 36639731
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27555-x -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affects nearly a quarter of the world's population. Our study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome and overall...
OBJECTIVE
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affects nearly a quarter of the world's population. Our study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome and overall changes in the fecal and serum metabolomes in MAFLD patients.
METHODS
Thirty-two patients diagnosed with MAFLD and 30 healthy individuals (control group, CG) were included in this study, the basic clinical characteristics and laboratory test results including routine biochemistry, etc. were recorded for all, and their serum and fecal samples were collected. A portion of the fecal samples was subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing, and the other portion of the fecal samples and serum samples were subjected to non-targeted metabolomic detection based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Statistical analysis of clinical data was performed using SPSS software package version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). The analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing results was mainly performed by R software (V. 2.15.3), and the metabolomics data analysis was mainly performed by CD 3.1 software. Two-tailed value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The 16S sequencing data suggested that the species richness and diversity of MAFLD patients were reduced compared with controls. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of , , and increased and decreased in MAFLD patients. At the genus level, the relative abundances of , , , etc. increased. 2,770 metabolites were detected in stool samples and 1,245 metabolites were detected in serum samples. The proportion of differential lipid metabolites in serum (49%) was higher than that in feces (21%). There were 22 differential metabolites shared in feces and serum. And the association analysis indicated that LPC 18:0 was positively correlated with , ; neohesperidin was also positively correlated with , , and .
CONCLUSION
Microbial sequencing data suggested decreased species richness and diversity and altered β-diversity in feces. Metabolomic analysis identified overall changes in fecal and serum metabolites dominated by lipid molecules. And the association analysis with gut microbes provided potentially pivotal gut microbiota-metabolite combinations in MAFLD patients, which might provide new clues for further research on the disease mechanism and the development of new diagnostic markers and treatments.
PubMed: 36071958
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.969757 -
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental... 2022The development of new biomarkers for human male infertility is crucial to improve the diagnosis and the prognosis of this disease. Recently, seminal microbiota was...
The development of new biomarkers for human male infertility is crucial to improve the diagnosis and the prognosis of this disease. Recently, seminal microbiota was shown to be related to sperm quality parameters, suggesting an effect in human fertility and postulating it as a biomarker candidate. However, its relationship to sperm DNA integrity has not been studied yet. The aim of the present study is to characterize the seminal microbiota of a western Mediterranean population and to evaluate its relationship to sperm chromatin integrity parameters, and oxidative stress. For that purpose, 14 samples from sperm donors and 42 samples from infertile idiopathic patients were obtained and were analyzed to assess the composition of the microbiota through full-length gene sequencing (Illumina MiSeq platform). Microbial diversity and relative abundances were compared to classic sperm quality parameters (macroscopic semen parameters, motility, morphology and concentration), chromatin integrity (global DNA damage, double-stranded DNA breaks and DNA protamination status) and oxidative stress levels (oxidation-reduction potential). The seminal microbiota observed of these samples belonged to the phyla , , and . The most abundant genera were , , , , , , , , , and . To our knowledge, this is the first detection of genus in seminal samples. Two clusters of microbial profiles were built based on a clustering analysis, and specific genera were found with different frequencies in relation to seminal quality defects. The abundances of several bacteria negatively correlate with the sperm global DNA fragmentation, most notably , and . The latter two were also associated with higher sperm motility and additionally with lower oxidative-reduction potential. , and correlated with reduced chromatin protamination status and increased double-stranded DNA fragmentation. These effects on DNA integrity coincide in many cases with the metabolism or enzymatic activities of these genera. Significant differences between fertile and infertile men were found in the relative presence of the family and the , and genera, which supports its possible involvement in male fertility. Our findings sustain the hypothesis that the seminal microbiome has an effect on male fertility.
PubMed: 35837328
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937157 -
Communications Biology Jul 2022Specific bacteria of the human microbiome influence carcinogenesis at diverse anatomical sites. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder in...
Specific bacteria of the human microbiome influence carcinogenesis at diverse anatomical sites. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder in premenopausal women that is associated with gynecologic sequelae, including cervical cancer. BV-associated microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium, Lancefieldella, Peptoniphilus, and Porphyromonas have been associated with gynecologic and other cancers, though the pro-oncogenic mechanisms employed by these bacteria are poorly understood. Here, we integrated a multi-omics approach with our three-dimensional (3-D) cervical epithelial cell culture model to investigate how understudied BV-associated bacteria linked to gynecologic neoplasia influence hallmarks of cancer in vitro. Lancefieldella parvulum and Peptoniphilus lacrimalis elicited robust proinflammatory responses in 3-D cervical cells. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium gonidiaformans modulated metabolic hallmarks of cancer corresponding to accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate, pro-inflammatory lipids, and signs of oxidative stress and genotoxic hydrogen sulfide. This study provides mechanistic insights into how gynecologic cancer-associated bacteria might facilitate a tumor-promoting microenvironment in the human cervix.
Topics: Bacteria; Cervix Uteri; Female; Humans; Microbiota; Tumor Microenvironment; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 35869172
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03681-6 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the large intestine with superficial mucosal inflammation. A dysbiotic...
BACKGROUND
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the large intestine with superficial mucosal inflammation. A dysbiotic gut microbial profile has been associated with UC. Our study aimed to characterize the UC gut bacterial, fungal, and metabolic fingerprints by omic approaches.
METHODS
The 16S rRNA- and ITS2-based metataxonomics and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/solid phase microextraction (GC-MS/SPME) metabolomic analysis were performed on stool samples of 53 UC patients and 37 healthy subjects (CTRL). Univariate and multivariate approaches were applied to separated and integrated omic data, to define microbiota, mycobiota, and metabolic signatures in UC. The interaction between gut bacteria and fungi was investigated by network analysis.
RESULTS
In the UC cohort, we reported the increase of , , Enterobacteriaceae, TM7-3, , , , , , , Gemellaceae, and phenylethyl alcohol; and we also reported the decrease of ; Ruminococcaceae; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; hexadecane; cyclopentadecane; 5-hepten-2-ol, 6 methyl; 3-carene; caryophyllene; p-Cresol; 2-butenal; indole, 3-methyl-; 6-methyl-3,5-heptadiene-2-one; 5-octadecene; and 5-hepten-2-one, 6 methyl. The integration of the multi-omic data confirmed the presence of a distinctive bacterial, fungal, and metabolic fingerprint in UC gut microbiota. Moreover, the network analysis highlighted bacterial and fungal synergistic and/or divergent interkingdom interactions.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we identified intestinal bacterial, fungal, and metabolic UC-associated biomarkers. Furthermore, evidence on the relationships between bacterial and fungal ecosystems provides a comprehensive perspective on intestinal dysbiosis and ecological interactions between microorganisms in the framework of UC.
Topics: Humans; Colitis, Ulcerative; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Adult; Female; Bacteria; Middle Aged; Metabolomics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Feces; Fungi; Dysbiosis; Metabolome; Aged; Young Adult; Solid Phase Microextraction; Mycobiome; Multiomics
PubMed: 38779566
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1366192 -
Cureus Jan 2022is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus found on the skin, vagina, and gut, where it acts as an opportunistic pathogen or as part of polymicrobial infections of chronic...
is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus found on the skin, vagina, and gut, where it acts as an opportunistic pathogen or as part of polymicrobial infections of chronic wounds or diabetic ulcers We present a case of a 68-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a late prosthetic hip arthroplasty infection caused by and isolated from sonication fluid cultures. Despite the fact that evidence is scarce, its role and pathogenicity in more severe infections should not be underestimated.
PubMed: 35198324
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21419 -
European Journal of Clinical... Jun 2021The present study focused on the characteristics of the vaginal microbiomes in prepubertal girls with and without vulvovaginitis. We collected 24 vaginal samples and 16... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The present study focused on the characteristics of the vaginal microbiomes in prepubertal girls with and without vulvovaginitis. We collected 24 vaginal samples and 16 fecal samples from 10 girls aged 3-9 years with vulvovaginitis and 16 healthy girls of the same age. The samples were divided into three groups: fecal swabs from healthy controls (HF), vaginal swabs from healthy controls (HVS), and vaginal swabs from girls with vulvovaginitis (VVS). Sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene was performed with the NovaSeq PE250 platform to reveal the vaginal microbial community structure in healthy prepubertal girls and vulvovaginitis-associated microbiota. The intestinal microbiomes of healthy children were also analyzed for comparison. This study revealed that the healthy vaginal tract in prepubertal girls was dominated by Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Ezakiella, and Peptoniphilus species, with a high diversity of microbiota. The vulvovaginitis-associated microbiota were dominated by Streptococcus, Prevotella, Haemophilus, and Granulicatella, with lower diversity than that in healthy girls. Furthermore, the compositions of the vaginal and intestinal microbiomes were completely different. ANOSIM, MRPP, Adonis, and AMOVA were used to analyze the beta diversity, and the results showed that there were significant differences in the microbial communities among the three groups. Lactobacillus deficiency and high bacterial diversity were characteristics of the vaginal microbiome in healthy prepubertal girls; this is inconsistent with that in reproductive-age women. The vulvovaginitis-associated vaginal microbiota differed dramatically from normal microbiota, and the main causative agents were not fecal in origin.
Topics: Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Microbiota; Phylogeny; Vagina; Vulvovaginitis
PubMed: 33452946
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-021-04152-2