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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jun 2007Peptostreptococcus anaerobius sensu lato, currently including two closely related species, P. anaerobius and P. stomatis, is known to be more resistant than other...
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius sensu lato, currently including two closely related species, P. anaerobius and P. stomatis, is known to be more resistant than other gram-positive anaerobic cocci. We reidentified potential Peptostreptococcus isolates and tested their susceptibilities to eight antimicrobials. Notably, P. anaerobius had constantly higher values for the MIC at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC(50)) and the MIC(90) than P. stomatis.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Peptostreptococcus; Species Specificity
PubMed: 17403999
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00056-07 -
DNA Research : An International Journal... Feb 2008Finegoldia magna (formerly Peptostreptococcus magnus), a member of the Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC), is a commensal bacterium colonizing human skin and mucous...
Finegoldia magna (formerly Peptostreptococcus magnus), a member of the Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC), is a commensal bacterium colonizing human skin and mucous membranes. Moreover, it is also recognized as an opportunistic pathogen responsible for various infectious diseases. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of F. magna ATCC 29328. The genome consists of a 1,797,577 bp circular chromosome and an 189,163 bp plasmid (pPEP1). The metabolic maps constructed based on the genome information confirmed that most F. magna strains cannot ferment most sugars, except fructose, and have various aminopeptidase activities. Three homologs of albumin-binding protein, a known virulence factor useful for antiphagocytosis, are encoded on the chromosome, and one albumin-binding protein homolog is encoded on the plasmid. A unique feature of the genome is that F. magna encodes many sortase genes, of which substrates may be involved in bacterial pathogenesis, such as antiphagocytosis and adherence to the host cell. The plasmid pPEP1 encodes seven sortase and seven substrate genes, whereas the chromosome encodes four sortase and 19 substrate genes. These plasmid-encoded sortases may play important roles in the pathogenesis of F. magna by enriching the variety of cell wall anchored surface proteins.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Chromosomes, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptostreptococcus; Plasmids
PubMed: 18263572
DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsm030 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Aug 2021Gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Natural killer (NK) cells are involved in early defense mechanisms to...
BACKGROUND
Gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Natural killer (NK) cells are involved in early defense mechanisms to kill infective pathogens and tumor cells by releasing chemokines and cytokines. To better understand the relationship between the gut microbiome and CRC, it was hypothesized here that a high abundance of () in the gastrointestinal tract could cause reduced NK cell activity.
AIM
To identify associations between gastrointestinal tract levels and NK cell activity.
METHODS
experiments were performed on NK cells treated with and to identify the effects of gut microbiome species on NK cells. Following 24 and 48 h of treatment, NK cell counts were measured. In parallel studies, C57BL/6 mice were given broad-spectrum antibiotics in their drinking water to reduce resident gut flora. After 3 wk, the mice received the various bacterial species or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) oral gavage every 2 d for 6 wk. At the study end, blood samples were acquired to perform NK cell activity assessment and cytokine analysis. Intestinal tissues were collected and analyzed immunohistochemistry (IHC).
RESULTS
The data show that after 3 wk of broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, levels of total bacteria and were markedly decreased in mice. Gavage of significantly decreased NK cell activity relative to the activities of cells from mice treated with antibiotics only and PBS. The administration of decreased the proportion of NK46 cells based on IHC staining and increased the production of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α.
CONCLUSION
High levels of in the gastrointestinal tract reduced NK cell activity in mice, and the decrease in NK cell activity might be affected by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines after treatment
Topics: Animals; Firmicutes; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gastrointestinal Tract; Killer Cells, Natural; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Peptostreptococcus
PubMed: 34447232
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4879 -
Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et... Apr 2011We report a case of pyometra without any related risk factor. This leads to a severe septic shock. Evolution was successful because of quick surgical management. We...
We report a case of pyometra without any related risk factor. This leads to a severe septic shock. Evolution was successful because of quick surgical management. We report literature management of such infection. Although pyometra is an uncommon disease, it should be kept in mind as delayed management may lead to fatal outcome.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Endometritis; Female; Gardnerella vaginalis; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Hypotension; Middle Aged; Peptostreptococcus; Pyometra; Shock, Septic; Tachycardia; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 20926206
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2010.08.007 -
The Journal of Hygiene Aug 1981Sera from patients suffering from Crohn's and other diseases and from healthy subjects were tested for agglutinins to anaerobic, gram-positive coccoid rods belonging to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Sera from patients suffering from Crohn's and other diseases and from healthy subjects were tested for agglutinins to anaerobic, gram-positive coccoid rods belonging to species of Eubacterium and Peptostreptococcus. Four strains labelled Eubacterium contortum (two strains), Eubacterium rectale and Peptostreptococcus productus were agglutinated by a higher percentage of sera from patients with Crohn's disease than from healthy subjects and from patients with liver and intestinal diseases (including ulcerative colitis), ankylosing spondylitis, granulomatous diseases, diseases of immunity and malignancies. The agglutinins were of the IgG and IgM classes and strain-specific; the titres were low. The results obtained with sera from patients with Crohn's disease and healthy people were subjected to discriminant analysis to estimate the probability, based on the combined results with the four strains, that a patient suffers from Crohn's disease. When sera giving an a posteriori probability greater than or equal to 0.95 (a priori probability = 0.5) were considered positive, the test with four strains had a sensitivity of 54% and a specificity of nearly 100%. The results with sera submitted for diagnosis showed that positive reactions in patients with a diagnosis apparently incompatible with Crohn's disease were within acceptable limits.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bacteriological Techniques; Child; Child, Preschool; Crohn Disease; Eubacterium; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Immunologic Techniques; Infant; Peptostreptococcus; Probability
PubMed: 7019318
DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400069199 -
Thoracic Cancer Mar 2022Accumulating studies have suggested the airway microbiota in lung cancer patients is significantly different from that of healthy controls. However, little is known...
BACKGROUND
Accumulating studies have suggested the airway microbiota in lung cancer patients is significantly different from that of healthy controls. However, little is known about the relationship between airway microbiota and important clinical parameters of lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between sputum microbiota and lung cancer stage, lymph node metastasis, intrathoracic metastasis, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation.
METHODS
The microbiota of sputum samples from 85 newly-diagnosed NSCLC patients were sequenced via 16S rRNA sequencing of the V3-V4 region. Sequencing reads were filtered using QIIME2 and clustered against UPARSE.
RESULTS
Alpha- and β-diversity was significantly different between patients in stages I to II (early stage, ES) and patients in stages III to IV (advanced stage, AS). Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) identified that genera Granulicatella and Actinobacillus were significantly enriched in ES, and the genus Actinomyces was significantly enriched in AS. PICRUSt2 identified that the NAD salvage pathway was significantly enriched in AS, which was positively associated with Granulicatella. Patients with intrathoracic metastasis were associated with increased genus Peptostreptococcus and incomplete reductive TCA cycle, which was associated with increased Peptostreptococcus. Genera Parvimonas, Pseudomona and L-valine biosynthesis were positively associated with lymph node metastasis. L-valine biosynthesis was related with increased Pseudomona. Finally, the genus Parvimonas was significantly enriched in adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation.
CONCLUSION
The taxonomy structure differed between different lung cancer stages. The tumor stage, intrathoracic metastasis, lymph node metastasis, and EGFR mutation were associated with alteration of specific airway genera and metabolic function of sputum microbiota.
Topics: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; ErbB Receptors; Genes, erbB-1; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Microbiota; Mutation; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35142041
DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14340 -
Gastroenterology May 2017Stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a higher abundance of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius than stool from individuals without CRC, based on...
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a higher abundance of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius than stool from individuals without CRC, based on metagenome sequencing. We investigated whether P anaerobius contributes to colon tumor formation in mice and its possible mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
METHODS
We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses to measure P anaerobius in 112 stool samples and 255 colon biopsies from patients with CRC or advanced adenoma and from healthy individuals (controls) undergoing colonoscopy examination at hospitals in Hong Kong and Beijing. C57BL/6 mice were given broad-spectrum antibiotics, followed by a single dose of azoxymethane, to induce colon tumor formation. Three days later, mice were given P anaerobius or Esherichia coli MG1655 (control bacteria), via gavage, for 6 weeks. Some mice were also given the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Intestine tissues were collected and analyzed histologically. The colon epithelial cell line NCM460 and colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2 were exposed to P anaerobius or control bacteria; cells were analyzed by immunoblot, proliferation, and bacterial attachment analyses and compared in gene expression profiling studies. Gene expression was knocked down in these cell lines with small interfering RNAs.
RESULTS
P anaerobius was significantly enriched in stool samples from patients with CRC and in biopsies from patients with colorectal adenoma or CRC compared with controls. Mice depleted of bacteria and exposed to azoxymethane and P anaerobius had a higher incidence of intestinal dysplasia (63%) compared with mice not given the bacteria (8.3%; P < .01). P anaerobius mainly colonized the colon compared with the rest of the intestine. Colon cells exposed to P anaerobius had significantly higher levels of proliferation than control cells. We found genes that regulate cholesterol biosynthesis, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling to be significantly up-regulated in cells exposed to P anaerobius. Total cholesterol levels were significantly increased in colon cell lines exposed to P anaerobius via activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2. P anaerobius interacted with TLR2 and TLR4 to increase intracellular levels of reactive oxidative species, which promoted cholesterol synthesis and cell proliferation. Depletion of reactive oxidative species by knockdown of TLR2 or TLR4, or incubation of cells with an antioxidant, prevented P anaerobius from inducing cholesterol biosynthesis and proliferation.
CONCLUSIONS
Levels of P anaerobius are increased in human colon tumor tissues and adenomas compared with non-tumor tissues; this bacteria increases colon dysplasia in a mouse model of CRC. P anaerobius interacts with TLR2 and TLR4 on colon cells to increase levels of reactive oxidative species, which promotes cholesterol synthesis and cell proliferation.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Acetophenones; Adenoma; Aged; Animals; Azoxymethane; Biopsy; Biosynthetic Pathways; Caco-2 Cells; Case-Control Studies; Cell Proliferation; Cholesterol; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; DNA, Bacterial; Enzyme Inhibitors; Feces; Gene Expression; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; HT29 Cells; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Middle Aged; Peptostreptococcus; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Up-Regulation
PubMed: 28126350
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.009 -
Uterine Commensal Species Contribute to IDO1 Induction in Endometrial Cancer via Indoleacrylic Acid.Biomedicines Mar 2024Microbial dysbiosis has an increasingly appreciated impact on carcinogenesis, and the cervicovaginal microbiome plays a critical role in microenvironmental inflammation....
Microbial dysbiosis has an increasingly appreciated impact on carcinogenesis, and the cervicovaginal microbiome plays a critical role in microenvironmental inflammation. Here, we investigated the involvement of the female genital tract species in gynecological cancer via indoleacrylic acid (IAA). IAA production from species and the effect of bacterial culture on tumor growth in vivo were examined. The impact of IAA on cytokine production and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) expression in an endometrial cancer (EC) cell line, as well as their effect on T and T cells, and M1 and M2 macrophage populations were examined in EC patients and tumor-grafted mice. Clinically, species abundance, IAA, and IDO1 expression were verified in EC patients. The results showed that IAA production was induced in the uteri of BALB/c nude mice by species transplantation, and the intratumoral injection of a conditioned medium from cultures into tumor-grafted mice promoted tumor growth. IL-10 expression was upregulated by IAA; IFN-γ expression was increased by IL-10. IFN-γ induced IDO1 expression in the EC cell line. The co-culture of IDO1-expressing EC cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells upregulated the T proportion and decreased the M1/M2 ratio. Clinically, was more abundant amongst the uterine microbiota of EC patients than the control. The IAA, IDO1, and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios were all higher in EC tissue, and the M1/M2 ratio was lower. Our study sheds light on the link between IDO1 induction and uterine dysbiosis and provides a potential rationale for the role of species in immune tolerance induction in type I endometrial cancer.
PubMed: 38540186
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12030573 -
The Chinese Journal of Dental Research Sep 2015To analyse the microbia composition of 10 healthy dental implants and 10 chronic periodontitis patients. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
To analyse the microbia composition of 10 healthy dental implants and 10 chronic periodontitis patients.
METHODS
Subgingival plaque and peri-implant biofilm were sampled at the first molar site before and after implant restoration. The analysis was conducted by 454-prosequencing of bacterial V1 to V3 regions of 16S rDNA.
RESULTS
Chronic periodontitis subjects showed greater bacterial diversity compared with implant subjects. The relative abundance of sixteen genera and twelve species differed significantly between implant and chronic periodontitis subjects. The genera Catonella, Desulfovibrio, Mogibacterium, Peptostreptococcus and Propionibacterium were present in higher abundance in chronic periodontitis subjects, while implant subjects had higher proportions of Brevundimonas and Pseudomonas species.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results demonstrate that implant restoration changes the oral microbiota. The analysis suggests that periodontal bacteria can remain for a prolonged period of time at non-dental sites, from where they can colonise the peri-implant.
Topics: Bacteria; Chronic Disease; DNA, Ribosomal; Dental Implants; Gingiva; Humans; Microbiota; Periodontitis
PubMed: 26485507
DOI: No ID Found -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Dec 2014Necrotizing fasciitis in the cervical region is a rare entity, characterized by a fulminant infection that causes extensive necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Necrotizing fasciitis in the cervical region is a rare entity, characterized by a fulminant infection that causes extensive necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and fascial planes, with high mortality and morbidity rates. The origin is generally odontogenic or pharyngeal, involving a mixed flora of microorganisms. Descending infection and mediastinal involvement are usually associated and are the main complications. The aim of the present study was to review the cases treated in our department and analyze diagnosis and treatment, supplementing the understanding of the disease.
METHODS
A retrospective study was performed on the clinical records of patients admitted to our center between January 2005 and June 2010 with diagnosis of necrotizing cervical fasciitis.
RESULTS
Six clinical records were reviewed. The origin of the infection was mainly oropharyngeal and odontogenic, with a mixed flora of Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. All patients presented mediastinal involvement: superior mediastinitis in 4 patients and superior and postero-inferior mediastinitis in 2 cases. All patients underwent early drainage by bilateral cervicotomy with mediastinal drainage by a cervical approach in those with superior mediastinal affection, and associated thoracotomy, in a single surgical step, for postero-inferior mediastinitis. Temporary tracheotomy was performed in all cases. All received broad spectrum antibiotics, with a medium hospital stay of 37 days. There were no deaths reported.
CONCLUSION
Concerning cervical necrotizing fasciitis, early diagnosis and surgical treatment associated to antibiotics and intensive medical care are essential to obtain a favorable outcome.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Drainage; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Length of Stay; Male; Mediastinitis; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Peptostreptococcus; Pharyngeal Diseases; Prevotella; Retrospective Studies; Staphylococcal Infections; Thoracotomy; Tracheotomy
PubMed: 25002374
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2013.08.006