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Indian Pediatrics Mar 2021
Topics: Abdomen; Child, Preschool; Humans; Pain; Pica
PubMed: 33713071
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ Case Reports Jul 2017
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Cognitive Dysfunction; Constipation; Foreign Bodies; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pica; Rectal Diseases
PubMed: 28710201
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-221066 -
Analytical Chemistry Jan 2023In-source fragmentation (ISF) is a naturally occurring phenomenon in various ion sources including soft ionization techniques such as matrix-assisted laser...
In-source fragmentation (ISF) is a naturally occurring phenomenon in various ion sources including soft ionization techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). It has traditionally been minimized as it makes the dataset more complex and often leads to mis-annotation of metabolites. Here, we introduce an approach termed PICA (for pixel intensity correlation analysis) that takes advantage of ISF in MALDI imaging to increase confidence in metabolite identification. In PICA, the extraction and association of in-source fragments to their precursor ion results in "pseudo-MS/MS spectra" that can be used for identification. We examined PICA using three different datasets, two of which were published previously and included validated metabolites annotation. We show that highly colocalized ions possessing Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) ≥ 0.9 for a given precursor ion are mainly its in-source fragments, natural isotopes, adduct ions, or multimers. These ions provide rich information for their precursor ion identification. In addition, our results show that moderately colocalized ions (PCC < 0.9) may be structurally related to the precursor ion, which allows for the identification of unknown metabolites through known ones. Finally, we propose three strategies to reduce the total computation time for PICA in MALDI imaging. To conclude, PICA provides an efficient approach to extract and group ions stemming from the same metabolites in MALDI imaging and thus allows for high-confidence metabolite identification.
Topics: Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Ions
PubMed: 36594613
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04778 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Dec 1984
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Ghana; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pica; United Kingdom
PubMed: 6512812
DOI: 10.1177/014107688407701216 -
Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... 1990Pica is an eating disorder that is manifested by a craving for oral ingestion of a given substance that is unusual in kind and or quantity. It is a long-standing... (Review)
Review
Pica is an eating disorder that is manifested by a craving for oral ingestion of a given substance that is unusual in kind and or quantity. It is a long-standing practice that has far reaching implications for prevention and treatment--implications for public health as well as clinical personnel who work in settings where they have the potential for influencing health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of their patients. Pica practices also challenge researchers and social scientists whose work encompass development and refinement of models related to nutritional deficiencies. The body of literature on pica is so fragmented that it is difficult to find a precise summary of the knowns and unknowns about the condition. There is little consistency in defining pica, classifying substances ingested, identifying key characteristics of practicers, recommending treatment, or in projecting outcomes. This review presents a framework for understanding pica as a general practice, summarizes divergent reported hypotheses and conclusions, and illustrates that there is a need for more comprehensive studies of prevalence and incidence and use of deductive as well as inductive research processes.
Topics: Adult; Child, Preschool; Ethnicity; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Pica; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Socialization; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 2106702
DOI: No ID Found -
Characteristics of Pica Behavior among Mothers around Lake Victoria, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2019: Pica, the craving and purposeful consumption of nonfoods, is poorly understood. We described the prevalence of pica among women on Mfangano Island, Kenya, and examined...
: Pica, the craving and purposeful consumption of nonfoods, is poorly understood. We described the prevalence of pica among women on Mfangano Island, Kenya, and examined sociodemographic and health correlates. : Our cross-sectional study included 299 pregnant or postpartum women in 2012. We used a 24-h recall to assess pica, defined as consumption of earth (geophagy), charcoal/ash, or raw starches (amylophagy) and built multivariable logistic regression models to examine sociodemographic and health correlates of pica. : Eighty-one women (27.1%) engaged in pica in the previous 24 h, with 59.3% reporting amylophagy and 56.8% reporting geophagy, charcoal, and/or ash consumption. The most common substances consumed were raw cassava ( = 30, 36.6%), odowa, a chalky, soft rock-like earth ( = 21, 25.6%), and soil ( = 17, 20.7%). Geophagy, charcoal, and/or ash consumption was negatively associated with breastfeeding (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18-0.81), and amylophagy was associated with pregnancy (OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 1.24-14.96). Pica was more common within one of six study regions (OR = 3.64, 95% CI: 1.39-9.51). We found no evidence of an association between food insecurity and pica. : Pica was a common behavior among women, and the prevalence underscores the need to uncover its dietary, environmental, and cultural etiologies.
Topics: Adult; Breast Feeding; Charcoal; Craving; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Kenya; Lakes; Mothers; Pica; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Starch; Young Adult
PubMed: 31337101
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142510 -
Asian Journal of Neurosurgery 2019Several anatomical variables critically influence therapeutic strategies for posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms and, specifically, the safety of flow... (Review)
Review
Several anatomical variables critically influence therapeutic strategies for posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms and, specifically, the safety of flow diversion for these lesions. We review the microsurgical anatomy of the PICA, discussing and detailing these considerations in the treatment of aneurysms of this vessel from a theoretical perspective and in light of our previously published clinical results.
PubMed: 31903341
DOI: 10.4103/ajns.AJNS_120_18 -
Acta Neurochirurgica Jul 2019Aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are relatively uncommon and evidence is sparse about patients presenting with ruptured PICA aneurysms. We... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are relatively uncommon and evidence is sparse about patients presenting with ruptured PICA aneurysms. We performed an analysis of the Swiss SOS national registry to describe clinical presentation, treatment pattern, and neurological outcome of patients with ruptured PICA aneurysms compared with other ruptured posterior circulation (PC) aneurysms.
METHODS
This was a retrospective analysis of anonymized data from the Swiss SOS registry (Swiss Study on Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; 2009-2014). Patients with ruptured PC aneurysms were subdivided into a PICA and non-PICA group. Clinical, radiological, and treatment-related variables were identified, and their impact on the neurological outcome was determined in terms of modified Rankin score at discharge and at 1 year of follow-up for the two groups.
RESULTS
Data from 1864 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients were reviewed. There were 264 patients with a ruptured PC aneurysm. Seventy-four PICA aneurysms represented 28% of the series; clinical and radiological characteristics at admission were comparable between the PICA and non-PICA group. Surgical treatment was accomplished in 28% of patients in the PICA group and in the 4.8% of patients in the non-PICA group. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of complications after treatment. Hydrocephalus requiring definitive shunt was needed in 21.6% of PICA patients (p = 0.6); cranial nerve deficit was present in average a quarter of the patients in both PICA and non-PICA group with no statistical difference (p = 0.3). A more favorable outcome (66.2%) was reported in the PICA group at discharge (p < 0.05) but this difference faded over time with a similar neurological outcome at 1-year follow-up (p = 0.09) between both PICA and non-PICA group. The Kaplan-Meyer estimation showed no significant difference in the mortality rate between both groups (p = 0.08).
CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, patients with ruptured PICA aneurysms had a favorable neurological outcome in more than two thirds of cases, similar to patients with other ruptured PC aneurysms. Surgical treatment remains a valid option in a third of cases with ruptured PICA aneurysms.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aneurysm, Ruptured; Embolization, Therapeutic; Female; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Male; Middle Aged; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Switzerland; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31025178
DOI: 10.1007/s00701-019-03894-5 -
Maternal & Child Nutrition Oct 2015Although pica, the craving and purposive consumption of non-food substances, is common among many populations, especially during pregnancy, the health consequences are...
Although pica, the craving and purposive consumption of non-food substances, is common among many populations, especially during pregnancy, the health consequences are not well understood. Further, very little is known about pica among Mexican populations in the United States and Mexico. Therefore, we conducted formative research to understand pica in this understudied population. Our objectives were to identify the frequency and types of pica behaviours, to understand perceived aetiologies and consequences of pica and to ascertain if the behaviour was common enough to warrant a larger study. We held nine focus group discussions (three in the Salinas Valley, California; six in Xoxocotla, Morelos, Mexico) with 76 Mexican-born women who were currently pregnant or had delivered within the past 2 years. Earth, adobe, bean stones and ice were the most commonly reported pica substances. Twenty-eight of the 76 participants (37%) reported ever engaging in pica; 22 participants (29%) reported doing so during pregnancy. The proportion of women reporting pica in the United States and Mexico was 43% and 34%, respectively. Women attributed pica to the overwhelming organoleptic appeal of pica substances (especially smell and texture) and to micronutrient deficiencies. Perceived consequences of unfulfilled pica cravings were birthmarks or fetal loss; fulfilled pica cravings were also thought to be generally harmful to the mother or child, with several women specifying toxic lead, pesticides or 'worms'. In sum, pica among Mexican women is common enough to warrant a larger epidemiologic study of its sociodemographic correlates and physiological consequences.
Topics: California; Female; Humans; Mexican Americans; Mexico; Pica; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prevalence
PubMed: 24784797
DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12120 -
JFMS Open Reports 2023A 14-month-old female spayed Arabian Mau cat was presented for preparation for international air travel and relocation. It was also showing aggressive behaviours towards...
CASE SUMMARY
A 14-month-old female spayed Arabian Mau cat was presented for preparation for international air travel and relocation. It was also showing aggressive behaviours towards its owners and visitors to the home, with daily episodes of jumping at, scratching and biting the owners' hands and legs. In addition, the cat was chewing on and ingesting wool and fabric items. Diagnoses of aggression occurring as misplaced play/predatory behaviour, fear-based aggression towards visitors and pica were made, and recommendations were given for both the behavioural presentations as well as to prepare for the family's relocation to a new country and home. These recommendations included the use of long-acting psychotropic medications, which were declined at the time. After arrival in the new home, the cat's aggression and pica worsened, so the owners requested a follow-up appointment. At this point, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine was initiated and after 6 weeks of medication, the owners reported a significant improvement in all behavioural signs.
RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION
There is limited published information on the development and/or worsening of behaviour problems after stressful or traumatic events, such as international relocation. Furthermore, the management of concurrent behavioural presentations, such as, in this case, human-directed aggression and pica, can be challenging. This case provides an example of how this may be achieved. Finally, this case shows how the use of long-acting psychotropic medication, such as the SSRI fluoxetine, can be important and effective in managing feline behaviour problems.
PubMed: 37441538
DOI: 10.1177/20551169231178443