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International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2022Pneumoconiosis is a group of occupational lung diseases induced by mineral dust inhalation and subsequent lung tissue reactions. It can eventually cause irreparable lung...
Pneumoconiosis is a group of occupational lung diseases induced by mineral dust inhalation and subsequent lung tissue reactions. It can eventually cause irreparable lung damage, as well as gradual and permanent physical impairments. It has affected millions of workers in hazardous industries throughout the world, and it is a leading cause of occupational death. It is difficult to diagnose early pneumoconiosis because of the low sensitivity of chest radiographs, the wide variation in interpretation between and among readers, and the scarcity of B-readers, which all add to the difficulty in diagnosing these occupational illnesses. In recent years, deep machine learning algorithms have been extremely successful at classifying and localising abnormality of medical images. In this study, we proposed an ensemble learning approach to improve pneumoconiosis detection in chest X-rays (CXRs) using nine machine learning classifiers and multi-dimensional deep features extracted using CheXNet-121 architecture. There were eight evaluation metrics utilised for each high-level feature set of the associated cross-validation datasets in order to compare the ensemble performance and state-of-the-art techniques from the literature that used the same cross-validation datasets. It is observed that integrated ensemble learning exhibits promising results (92.68% accuracy, 85.66% Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), and 0.9302 area under the precision-recall (PR) curve), compared to individual CheXNet-121 and other state-of-the-art techniques. Finally, Grad-CAM was used to visualise the learned behaviour of individual dense blocks within CheXNet-121 and their ensembles into three-color channels of CXRs. We compared the Grad-CAM-indicated ROI to the ground-truth ROI using the intersection of the union (IOU) and average-precision (AP) values for each classifier and their ensemble. Through the visualisation of the Grad-CAM within the blue channel, the average IOU passed more than 90% of the pneumoconiosis detection in chest radiographs.
Topics: Algorithms; Dust; Humans; Lung Diseases; Pneumoconiosis; X-Rays
PubMed: 36141457
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811193 -
BMC Psychiatry Apr 2023In China, among all patients with occupational diseases, 90% have pneumoconiosis. The disease, which leads to psychological problems, seriously affects patients' lives....
In China, among all patients with occupational diseases, 90% have pneumoconiosis. The disease, which leads to psychological problems, seriously affects patients' lives. The Crown-Crisp Experience Index (CCEI) is a multidimensional questionnaire to assess patients' psychological conditions. Yet there is no Chinese version of CCEI. This study, therefore, aims to develop a Chinese CCEI, in line with standard localization procedures, by translating, back-translating, and culturally adapting the original English version. The final Chinese version comprises 47 items in six dimensions. The reliability and validity of the Chinese CCEI were tested by analyzing the data collected from 1,000 pneumoconiosis patients from an occupational disease prevention and treatment hospital. A rank sum test was carried out to compare the phobic anxiety (PHO) between pneumoconiosis patients and retired miners. The results of exploratory factor analysis show six principal components, which explain a total of 78.246% variances. Confirmatory factor analysis shows that the Chi-square freedom ratio (χ/df) were less than 3, the root mean square error approximation (RMSEA) were less than 0.05, comparative fit Index(CFI) and incremental fit index (IFI) were greater than 0.9, average variance extracted(AVE) in six dimensions were less than 0.5, residual variances(CR) were greater than 0.8, Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.839, Omega ω coefficient 0.889, and S-CVI 0.88. The PHO of pneumoconiosis patients was significantly higher than that of retired miners exemplified by a statistical difference (P < 0.05). The study shows that the Chinese version of CCEI enjoys a high degree of reliability and validity and thus can be used as a screening tool for measuring patients' anxiety and fear levels.
Topics: Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Psychometrics; Translating; Pneumoconiosis; Surveys and Questionnaires; China; Occupational Diseases
PubMed: 37072712
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04731-x -
British Journal of Industrial Medicine Apr 1972178-183. In this survey, which is the first of its kind in the graphite industry, 344 workers in a large mine in Ceylon were investigated for pulmonary lesions; 22·7%...
178-183. In this survey, which is the first of its kind in the graphite industry, 344 workers in a large mine in Ceylon were investigated for pulmonary lesions; 22·7% of them had radiographic abnormalities, which included small rounded and irregular opacities, large opacities, and significant enlargement of hilar shadows. They had worked considerably longer in the industry and were, on average, older than the rest. Only 19·2% of the affected workers had respiratory symptoms, of which dyspnoea and cough were the most frequent. Digital clubbing was seen in 21·9%. In an age and sex matched control group, comprising 327 persons from a neighbouring village, only 8 (2·4%) showed radiographic abnormalities. Graphite pneumoconiosis closely resembles coal miners' pneumoconiosis in many respects. It does not appear to be a pure silicosis, neither could it be considered a true carbon pneumoconiosis. It is likely that massive fibrosis is associated with tuberculous infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Carbon; Child; Cough; Dyspnea; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mining; Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic; Pneumoconiosis; Radiography; Sri Lanka; Time Factors; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
PubMed: 5021997
DOI: 10.1136/oem.29.2.178 -
BMC Public Health Feb 2023Pneumoconiosis is the most prevalent occupational disease and displays different patterns in each province of China. Clarifying specific incidence patterns and temporal...
BACKGROUND
Pneumoconiosis is the most prevalent occupational disease and displays different patterns in each province of China. Clarifying specific incidence patterns and temporal trends in Zhejiang Province can help provide valuable information on the prevention of pneumoconiosis.
METHODS
Annual reports of pneumoconiosis for Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2020 were extracted from the National Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System. The information of cases included regions, diagnosis ages, genders, exposure durations, pneumoconiosis categories and stages, the first year of exposure, enterprise industries, scales and ownerships.
RESULTS
Totally 6037 new cases of pneumoconiosis were reported between 2006 and 2020, which increased at first and then gradually declined since 2013. Among all pneumoconiosis cases, silicosis accounted for the majority (72.17%). Most of the cases occurred in small-scale and domestic-funded enterprises, which accounted for 71.75% and 96.97%, respectively. When analyzing the industry distribution, the cases were mainly concentrated in mining (37.12%), manufacturing (31.11%) and 'public administration and social organization' (23.94%) industry. The average diagnosis age among the pneumoconiosis cases was 55.44 years, and the median exposure duration was 11.00 years. Significantly older diagnosis age and longer exposure duration were found in females, coal workers' pneumoconiosis cases, cases with higher stages, cases with the first year of dust exposure earlier and cases from large-scale companies. In regional distribution, the top three cities reporting the most pneumoconiosis cases in Zhejiang Province were Taizhou, Quzhou and Hangzhou.
CONCLUSION
The current situation of pneumoconiosis in Zhejiang Province was still serious, and government should further strengthen the surveillance of occupational diseases and supervision of enterprises. Moreover, publicity and education regarding pneumoconiosis should be carried out to raise awareness of dust exposure risk and associated health consequences.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumoconiosis; Occupational Diseases; Silicosis; Anthracosis; China; Dust; Coal Mining
PubMed: 36814237
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15277-8 -
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences :... Jan 2021
Review
Topics: Animals; Disease Susceptibility; Gene Expression Profiling; Genomics; Humans; Metabolomics; Pneumoconiosis; Proteomics; RNA
PubMed: 33531110
DOI: 10.3967/bes2021.010 -
Journal of Occupational and... Oct 2014To provide an update on respiratory diseases caused by coal mine dust. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide an update on respiratory diseases caused by coal mine dust.
METHODS
This article presents the results of a literature review initially performed for an International Conference on Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease held in summer 2013.
RESULTS
Coal mine dust causes a spectrum of lung diseases collectively termed coal mine dust lung disease (CMDLD). These include Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis, silicosis, mixed dust pneumoconiosis, dust-related diffuse fibrosis (which can be mistaken for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CMDLD continues to be a problem in the United States, particularly in the central Appalachian region. Treatment of CMDLD is symptomatic. Those with end-stage disease are candidates for lung transplantation. Because CMDLD cannot be cured, prevention is critical.
CONCLUSIONS
Coal mine dust remains a relevant occupational hazard and miners remain at risk for CMDLD.
Topics: Aged; Anthracosis; Cause of Death; Coal; Cost of Illness; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis, Differential; Dust; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Population Surveillance; United States
PubMed: 25285970
DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000260 -
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Jun 2020Pneumoconioses are preventable occupational lung diseases caused by inhaling dust particles such as coal dust or different types of mineral dusts (1). To assess recent...
Pneumoconioses are preventable occupational lung diseases caused by inhaling dust particles such as coal dust or different types of mineral dusts (1). To assess recent trends in deaths associated with pneumoconiosis, CDC analyzed multiple cause-of-death data* for decedents aged ≥15 years for the years 1999-2018, and industry and occupation data collected from 26 states for the years 1999, 2003, 2004, and 2007-2013. During 1999-2018, pneumoconiosis deaths decreased by 40.4%, with the exception of pneumoconiosis attributed to other inorganic dusts (e.g., aluminum, bauxite, beryllium, iron, and tin oxide), which increased significantly (p-value for time trend <0.05). The largest observed decreases in pneumoconiosis deaths were for those associated with coal workers' pneumoconiosis (69.6%) and silicosis (53.0%). Asbestosis was the most frequently reported pneumoconiosis and was associated with working in the construction industry. The ongoing occurrence of deaths associated with pneumoconiosis underscores the importance of occupational dust exposure reduction, early case detection, and continued surveillance to monitor trends.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumoconiosis; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 32525855
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6923a1 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Jul 2022Pneumoconiosis has been reported as one of the major global burdens of occupational health-related diseases. The global prevalence had increased since 1990. Prevention...
BACKGROUND
Pneumoconiosis has been reported as one of the major global burdens of occupational health-related diseases. The global prevalence had increased since 1990. Prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in the project of occupational health have been a priority of the action plan of Healthy China 2030.
METHODS
A life table was used to explore the survival and fatality rate of pneumoconiosis. Using Cox proportional hazards regression model, the factors of survival time were investigated.
RESULTS
A total of 15,402 cases had several species of pneumoconiosis, including silicosis, coal worker pneumoconiosis and welder pneumoconiosis that accounted for 68.49%, 19.41% and 3.84% of total pneumoconiosis, respectively. Eighty percent of cases were initially diagnosed at stage I, 15.5% at stage II, and 4.5% at stage III. The overall average survival time was determined as 14.74±9.57 years, the life expectancy reached 34.324 years in total, and the total mortality of patients suffering from pneumoconiosis was 19.89%. The average dust exposure period, average survival time and life expectancy progressively decreased with the stage upgrade, whereas the age of onset and mortality rate tended to increase. Dust exposure years, initially diagnosed at stage II or stage III, stage I upgrade to stage II, stage I upgrade to stage III and low economic level were found as important risk factors for the survival of patients suffering from pneumoconiosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Stage II and stage III of pneumoconiosis may have a direct effect on the survival time of patients suffering from pneumoconiosis. The prevention and delay of the progression of pneumoconiosis are critical to prolonging the survival time of cases.
Topics: Anthracosis; China; Dust; Humans; Pneumoconiosis; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 35400160
DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-2824 -
BMC Public Health Feb 2024In industries worldwide, crystalline silica is pervasive and poses risks of pneumoconiosis and respiratory malignancies, with the latter being a knowledge gap in disease...
Burden of silica-attributed pneumoconiosis and tracheal, bronchus & lung cancer for global and countries in the national program for the elimination of silicosis, 1990-2019: a comparative study.
BACKGROUND
In industries worldwide, crystalline silica is pervasive and poses risks of pneumoconiosis and respiratory malignancies, with the latter being a knowledge gap in disease burden research that this study aims to address. By integrating both diseases, we also seek to provide an in-depth depiction of the silica-attributed disease burden.
METHODS
Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 were extracted to analyze the disease burden due to silica exposure. The trends of age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) from 1990 to 2019, as well as the age-specific number and rate of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 1990 and 2019, were presented using GraphPad Prism software. The average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) on ASMR and ASDR were calculated using joinpoint regression models.
RESULTS
The global trends of disease burden due to silica exposure from 1990 to 2019 showed a significant decrease, with AAPCs on ASMR and ASDR of -1.22 (-1.38, -1.06) and - 1.18 (-1.30, -1.05), respectively. Vietnam was an exception with an unprecedented climb in ASMR and ASDR in general over the years. The age-specific deaths and DALYs mainly peaked in the age group 60-64. In comparison to 1990, the number of deaths and DALYs became higher after 45 years old in 2019, while their rates stayed consistently lower in 2019. Males experienced an elevated age-specific burden than females. China's general age-standardized burden of pneumoconiosis and tracheal, bronchus & lung (TBL) cancer ranked at the forefront, along with the highest burden of pneumoconiosis in Chilean males and South African females, as well as the prominent burden of TBL cancer in Turkish males, Thai females, and overall Vietnamese. The age-specific burden of TBL cancer surpassed that of pneumoconiosis, and a delay was presented in the pneumoconiosis pinnacle burden compared to the TBL cancer. Besides, the burden of pneumoconiosis indicated a sluggish growth trend with advancing age.
CONCLUSION
Our research highlights the cruciality of continuous enhancements in occupational health legislation for countries seriously suffering from industrial silica pollution and the necessity of prioritizing preventive measures for male workers and elderly retirees.
Topics: Aged; Female; Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Silicon Dioxide; Lung Neoplasms; Silicosis; Pneumoconiosis; Perinatal Death; Bronchi
PubMed: 38388421
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18086-9 -
British Medical Journal Jul 1958
Topics: Byssinosis; Pneumoconiosis
PubMed: 13560832
DOI: No ID Found