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Canadian Medical Association Journal Aug 1955
Topics: Asbestosis; Pneumoconiosis
PubMed: 13240589
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022The purpose of this study is to see if exfoliative pulmonary airway pathology in cancer-free coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) can be used as a biomarker for predicting...
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study is to see if exfoliative pulmonary airway pathology in cancer-free coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) can be used as a biomarker for predicting pulmonary morbidity.
METHODS
We investigated persistent metaplastic changes in bronchoscopic washing cytology and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) in 97 miners with CWP and 80 miners without CWP as the control. Clinicopathological parameters were examined including pulmonary function tests and the presence of progressive massive fibrosis.
RESULTS
When compared to the control group, severe alveolitis, severe goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH), severe hyperplastic epithelial change, and severe squamous metaplasia were the distinguishing biomarkers in CWP. Multivariate analysis revealed that severe alveolitis and severe GCH, along with miner duration and current smoker, were independent predictors of pulmonary mortality. The survival analysis revealed a significantly different survival rate between the three groups: no evidence of severe alveolitis and severe GCH, presence of severe alveolitis or severe GCH but not both, and both severe alveolitis and severe GCH.
CONCLUSIONS
The severities of alveolitis and goblet cell hyperplasia in the bronchoscopic study are independent prognostic factors for CWP. A pathologic grading system based on these two parameters could be used in the stratification and clinical management of CWP patients.
Topics: Humans; Coal Mining; Prognosis; Hyperplasia; Anthracosis; Pneumoconiosis; Coal
PubMed: 36429692
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214975 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2022Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems can assist radiologists in detecting coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) in their chest X-rays. Early diagnosis of the CWP can... (Review)
Review
Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems can assist radiologists in detecting coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) in their chest X-rays. Early diagnosis of the CWP can significantly improve workers' survival rate. The development of the CAD systems will reduce risk in the workplace and improve the quality of chest screening for CWP diseases. This systematic literature review (SLR) amis to categorise and summarise the feature extraction and detection approaches of computer-based analysis in CWP using chest X-ray radiographs (CXR). We conducted the SLR method through 11 databases that focus on science, engineering, medicine, health, and clinical studies. The proposed SLR identified and compared 40 articles from the last 5 decades, covering three main categories of computer-based CWP detection: classical handcrafted features-based image analysis, traditional machine learning, and deep learning-based methods. Limitations of this review and future improvement of the review are also discussed.
Topics: Anthracosis; Coal; Coal Mining; Computers; Humans; Machine Learning; Pneumoconiosis; X-Rays
PubMed: 35682023
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116439 -
Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia :... 2006The most prevalent pneumoconioses are silicosis, asbestosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Other pneumoconioses that have distinct clinical, functional and structural... (Review)
Review
The most prevalent pneumoconioses are silicosis, asbestosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Other pneumoconioses that have distinct clinical, functional and structural repercussions are caused by inhalation of metal powder in fumes from metals or organic salts. The distinction in terms of the chemical form of the inhaled compound is related to the tissue reaction and to the prognosis. Simple pneumoconiosis, siderosis, berylliosis and phosphate rock-related pneumoconiosis, as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by exposure to heavy metals, are succinctly discussed. As an instrument of etiologic investigation of these pneumoconioses, the taking of occupational histories is essential.
Topics: Dust; Humans; Occupational Exposure; Pneumoconiosis; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Fibrosis
PubMed: 17273600
DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132006000800010 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Aug 1997
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Pneumoconiosis; Silicosis; Talc; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 9307748
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.73.862.513 -
Environmental Geochemistry and Health Oct 2023Exposure to dust from the mining environment has historically resulted in epidemic levels of mortality and morbidity from pneumoconiotic diseases such as silicosis, coal... (Review)
Review
Exposure to dust from the mining environment has historically resulted in epidemic levels of mortality and morbidity from pneumoconiotic diseases such as silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), and asbestosis. Studies have shown that CWP remains a critical issue at collieries across the globe, with some countries facing resurgent patterns of the disease and additional pathologies from long-term exposure. Compliance measures to reduce dust exposure rely primarily on the assumption that all "fine" particles are equally toxic irrespective of source or chemical composition. For several ore types, but more specifically coal, such an assumption is not practical due to the complex and highly variable nature of the material. Additionally, several studies have identified possible mechanisms of pathogenesis from the minerals and deleterious metals in coal. The purpose of this review was to provide a reassessment of the perspectives and strategies used to evaluate the pneumoconiotic potency of coal mine dust. Emphasis is on the physicochemical characteristics of coal mine dust such as mineralogy/mineral chemistry, particle shape, size, specific surface area, and free surface area-all of which have been highlighted as contributing factors to the expression of pro-inflammatory responses in the lung. The review also highlights the potential opportunity for more holistic risk characterisation strategies for coal mine dust, which consider the mineralogical and physicochemical aspects of the dust as variables relevant to the current proposed mechanisms for CWP pathogenesis.
Topics: Humans; Dust; Pneumoconiosis; Coal Mining; Coal; Minerals; Occupational Exposure
PubMed: 37131112
DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01583-y -
Scandinavian Journal of Work,... Aug 1983Six hundred and five cases of graphite pneumoconiosis have been reported in the literature. In 39 cases the diagnosis was based on or supported by autopsy or lung biopsy... (Review)
Review
Six hundred and five cases of graphite pneumoconiosis have been reported in the literature. In 39 cases the diagnosis was based on or supported by autopsy or lung biopsy results. Only 14 of the 39 cases were presented with relatively complete documentation as to details about dust exposure. Only one of these completely documented cases suggested that nearly pure graphite may cause graphite pneumoconiosis. Eleven experimental studies on animals dealt with the effect of graphite dust on various tissues, and nine with the effect on lung tissue. The three studies on the effect of pure or nearly pure graphite gave no unanimous conclusion. Five out of six studies dealing with graphite containing silica demonstrated fibrogenic effect on the lungs. Most of the 18 epidemiologic studies of workers exposed to graphite dust are invalid because they do not comply with ordinary methodologic requirements. The present state of knowledge does not exclude the possibility that analytically pure graphite may cause pneumoconiosis although the majority of the evidence indicates that pneumoconiosis is a mixed-dust type of lung reaction.
Topics: Animals; Carbon; Graphite; Humans; Lung; Pneumoconiosis; Silicon Dioxide
PubMed: 6314495
DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.2407 -
Respiratory Research Oct 2017Lipid peroxidation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated from lipid peroxidation might be used to...
BACKGROUND
Lipid peroxidation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated from lipid peroxidation might be used to detect pneumoconiosis. The objective of this study was to develop a breath test for pneumoconiosis.
METHODS
A case-control study was designed. Breath and ambient air were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. After blank correction to prevent contamination from ambient air, we used canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) to assess the discrimination accuracy and principal component analysis (PCA) to generate a prediction score. The prediction accuracy was calculated and validated using the International Classification of Radiographs of the Pneumoconiosis criteria combined with an abnormal pulmonary function test as a reference standard. We generated a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and calculated the area under the ROC curve (AUC) to estimate the screening accuracy of the breath test.
RESULTS
We enrolled 200 stone workers. After excluding 5 subjects with asthma and 16 subjects who took steroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, a total of 179 subjects were used in the final analyses, which included 25 cases and 154 controls. By CDA, 88.8% of subjects were correctly discriminated by their exposure status and the presence of pneumoconiosis. After excluding the VOCs of automobile exhaust and cigarette smoking, pentane and C5-C7 methylated alkanes constituted the major VOCs in the breath of persons with pneumoconiosis. Using the prediction score generated from PCA, the ROC-AUC was 0.88 (95% CI = 0.80-0.95), and the mean ROC-AUC of 5-fold cross-validation was 0.90. The breath test had good accuracy for pneumoconiosis diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
The analysis of breath VOCs has potential in the screening of pneumoconiosis for its non-invasiveness and high accuracy. We suggest that a multi-centre study is warranted and that all procedures must be standardized before clinical application.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Pneumoconiosis; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 29041938
DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0661-3 -
Biomedical Papers of the Medical... Dec 2014The authors review pulmonary aluminosis caused by exposure to dust containing aluminium and its compounds, mainly oxides. Special attention is paid to various factors of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The authors review pulmonary aluminosis caused by exposure to dust containing aluminium and its compounds, mainly oxides. Special attention is paid to various factors of occupational exposure as to an important etiologic issue. The condition has a rich and interesting history dating back to the 1930s. The most significant occupational exposures are associated with processes in bauxite smelting, the use of fine aluminium powder, exposure to aluminium welding fumes, grinding and polishing of aluminium materials.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A literature search for relevant scientific studies in English was performed using the following internet databases: relevant sections of The Cochrane Library, EBSCO Discovery Service, Ovid, ProQuest Science Journals, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Knowledge. The initial clinical manifestations of pulmonary aluminosis are exertional dyspnea with dry, non-productive cough. Depending on the type and length of the occupational exposure, ventilatory defects may vary considerably from restrictive to obstructive pattern. Radiographic findings commonly showing nodular or slightly irregular opacities are predominantly located in the upper, less frequently in the lower lung fields, or can have a diffuse pattern. In advanced stages, severe pulmonary fibrosis with honeycombing occured.
CONCLUSIONS
Although pulmonary aluminosis is a very rare disease, it still occurs. Since the industrial importance and use of aluminium continue to rise, lung damage from exposure to respirable aluminium particles should not be overlooked but monitored and prevented. Even today, the pathophysiology of pulmonary aluminosis has not been explained as yet.
Topics: Aluminum; Humans; Lung; Occupational Exposure; Pneumoconiosis
PubMed: 24781042
DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.017 -
Respiration; International Review of... 2012
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Pneumoconiosis; Population Surveillance
PubMed: 22699266
DOI: 10.1159/000339419