-
British Dental Journal Sep 2020
Topics: Iodine; Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 32917988
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2127-0 -
British Dental Journal Jun 2020
Topics: Mouthwashes; Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 32591671
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-1794-1 -
Biocontrol Science 2016Povidone-iodine solutions prepared to various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10%) with 0.2M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) (PVP-I PB) were analyzed to determine their free...
Povidone-iodine solutions prepared to various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10%) with 0.2M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) (PVP-I PB) were analyzed to determine their free iodine concentrations using membrane permeation cells, and their inactivation effects on three viruses (influenza A virus, poliovirus type 1 and adenovirus type 3) were examined. The free iodine concentrations in the 0.01-10% PVP-I PB were determined to be 1.84, 4.88, 1.58 and 0.17 ppm (approximate values), respectively, with the maximum obtained for the 0.1% solution. The virucidal efficacy of these PVP-I PB against poliovirus type 1 and adenovirus type 3 was found to be generally dependent on free iodine concentration, with the 0.1% solution being the most effective. Influenza A virus was inactivated with an action time of 15 s at all four concentrations examined. The results of this study suggested an association between free iodine concentration and virucidal efficacy for the 0.01-10% PVP-I PB.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Buffers; Iodine; Microbial Viability; Povidone-Iodine; Viruses
PubMed: 27009506
DOI: 10.4265/bio.21.21 -
Stomatologija 2019The aim of this paper was to review the current literature with regard to the use of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine in the treatment of oral wounds. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The aim of this paper was to review the current literature with regard to the use of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine in the treatment of oral wounds.
BACKGROUND
Oral mucosa is continuously subjected to physical or chemical injuries, where it becomes a common site for the occurrence of ulcerated lesions. These lesions are susceptible to infections that may delay healing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A search of the medical and dental literature was conducted in Medline/Pubmed and Scielo using a combination of the terms oral ulcer, oral wound, wound healing, povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine, to review their mechanism of action and their use in the healing of oral wounds.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The use of chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine is effective in the control of local infection in a concentration-dependent manner, exerting a positive influence on the tissue repair process. Oral antiseptics appear be a good alternative in the management of these lesions, since there is a low risk of systemic toxicity and allergies, and less clinical evidence of bacterial resistance.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Humans; Povidone-Iodine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 32108654
DOI: No ID Found -
British Dental Journal Jun 2020
Topics: Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 32541700
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-1725-1 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2022Accumulating data suggest antiviral effects of povidone-iodine against the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. This narrative review aims... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Accumulating data suggest antiviral effects of povidone-iodine against the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. This narrative review aims to examine the antiviral mechanisms of povidone-iodine, efficacy of povidone-iodine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and safety of povidone-iodine to human epithelial cells and thyroid function.
METHODS
We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov and World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for articles containing the keywords "povidone-iodine", "SARS-CoV-2" and "COVID-19" from database inception till 3 June 2021.
RESULTS
Despite data supporting the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects of povidone-iodine, findings from clinical studies revealed differences in treatment response depending on study settings (healthy hospitalized individuals), treatment target (nasal oral pharynx), method of administration (oral rinse gargle throat spray) and choice of samples used to measure study endpoints (nasopharyngeal saliva). One large-scale clinical trial demonstrated reduction in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among participants who administered povidone-iodine 3 times daily during an active outbreak. Povidone-iodine is also used to disinfect the oro-pharyngeal space prior to dental or otolaryngology procedures. Although existing data suggest minimal impact of povidone-iodine on thyroid function, high-quality safety data are presently lacking.
CONCLUSIONS
Povidone-iodine application to the oropharyngeal space could complement existing non-pharmacological interventions to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection especially in high exposure settings.Key messagesAccumulating data suggest antiviral effects of povidone-iodine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Findings from clinical studies reveal differences in treatment response depending on study settings, treatment target, method of administration and choice of samples used to measure study endpoints. One large-scale clinical trial observed reduction in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among participants who administered povidone-iodine 3 times daily during an active outbreak.Povidone-iodine application to the oropharyngeal space could complement existing non-pharmacological interventions to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection especially in high exposure settings.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; Humans; Mouthwashes; Povidone-Iodine; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35594333
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2076902 -
The Journal of Hospital Infection Jan 2022Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, has caused millions of deaths worldwide. The virus is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, has caused millions of deaths worldwide. The virus is transmitted by inhalation of infectious particles suspended in the air, direct deposition on mucous membranes and indirect contact via contaminated surfaces. Disinfection methods that can halt such transmission are important in this pandemic and in future viral infections.
AIM
To highlight the efficacy of several disinfection methods against SARS-CoV-2 based on up-to-date evidence found in the literature.
METHODS
Two databases were searched to identify studies that assessed disinfection methods used against SARS-CoV-2. In total, 1229 studies were identified and 60 of these were included in this review. Quality assessment was evaluated by the Office of Health Assessment and Translation's risk-of-bias tool.
FINDINGS
Twenty-eight studies investigated disinfection methods on environmental surfaces, 16 studies investigated disinfection methods on biological surfaces, four studies investigated disinfection methods for airborne coronavirus, and 16 studies investigated methods used to recondition personal protective equipment (PPE).
CONCLUSIONS
Several household and hospital disinfection agents and ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation were effective for inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on environmental surfaces. Formulations containing povidone-iodine can provide virucidal action on the skin and mucous membranes. In the case of hand hygiene, typical soap bars and alcohols can inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Air filtration systems incorporated with materials that possess catalytic properties, UV-C devices and heating systems can reduce airborne viral particles effectively. The decontamination of PPE can be conducted safely by heat and ozone treatment.
Topics: COVID-19; Disinfection; Humans; Pandemics; Povidone-Iodine; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34673114
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.07.014 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2021Endophthalmitis remains a serious complication following intraocular procedures. Preoperative prophylactic measures for endophthalmitis decrease the morbidity associated... (Review)
Review
Endophthalmitis remains a serious complication following intraocular procedures. Preoperative prophylactic measures for endophthalmitis decrease the morbidity associated with this disease and represent a standard of care prior to ophthalmic surgery. The literature supports as measures for ocular antisepsis: povidone-iodine solution for ocular surface preparation, chlorhexidine in patients with iodine allergy and application of topical antibiotics. Povidone-iodine is regarded as the most effective antiseptic associated with significant reduction in ocular surface bacterial counts. Currently, the recommended preoperative management is the application of 5% povidone-iodine solution in the conjunctival fornix, prior to surgery. This paper reviews the preoperative measures for ocular antisepsis, used in order to decrease the risk of culture-proven endophthalmitis.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antisepsis; Conjunctiva; Endophthalmitis; Humans; Povidone-Iodine
PubMed: 34179575
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2021.25 -
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Sep 2023Personal protective equipment (PPE), including medical masks, should be worn for preventing the transmission of respiratory pathogens via infective droplets and...
Personal protective equipment (PPE), including medical masks, should be worn for preventing the transmission of respiratory pathogens via infective droplets and aerosols. In medical masks, the key layer is the filter layer, and the melt-blown nonwoven fabric (NWF) is the most used fabric. However, the NWF filter layer cannot kill or inactivate the pathogens spread via droplets and aerosols. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) has been used as an antiseptic solution given its potent broad-spectrum activity against pathogens. To develop PPE (e.g., medical masks) with anti-pathogenic activity, we integrated PVP-I into nylon-66 NWF. We then evaluated its antiviral activity against influenza A viruses by examining the viability of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells after inoculation with the virus strains exposed to the PVP-I-integrated nylon-66 NWF. The PVP-I nylon-66 NWF protected the MDCK cells from viral infection in a PVP-I concentration-dependent manner. Subsequently, we found to integrate PVP-I into nylon-66 and polyurethane materials among various materials. These PVP-I materials were also effective against influenza virus infection, and treatment with PVP-I nylon-66 NWF showed the highest cell survival among all the tested materials. PVP-I showed anti-influenza A virus activity when used in conjunction with PPE materials. Moreover, nylon-66 NWF integrated with PVP-I was found to be the best material to ensure anti-influenza activity. Therefore, PVP-I-integrated masks could have the potential to inhibit respiratory virus infection. Our results provide new information for developing multi-functional PPEs with anti-viral activity by integrating them with PVP-I to prevent the potential transmission of respiratory viruses.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Humans; Povidone-Iodine; Nylons; Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets; Influenza, Human; Orthomyxoviridae
PubMed: 37357386
DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00161 -
Otology & Neurotology : Official... Dec 2022Commercially available povidone-iodine solution can eliminate biofilms and persister cells rapidly in in vivo achievable concentrations without inducing ototoxicity.
HYPOTHESIS
Commercially available povidone-iodine solution can eliminate biofilms and persister cells rapidly in in vivo achievable concentrations without inducing ototoxicity.
BACKGROUND
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a substantial global problem. Current treatment options often induce a temporary remission without leading to a permanent cessation of symptoms secondary to the treatments' inability to eliminate persister cells. Povidone-iodine has been shown to be able to clear biofilm and planktonic cells in in vitro assays, but there are reports of ototoxic effects limiting its clinical utility.
METHODS
Bacterial and biofilm growth with quantification by spectrophotomer, murine auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion product otoacoustic emissions, immunohistochemistry, in vivo povidone-iodine treatment of murine CSOM, persister cell assay.
RESULTS
Commercially available 10% povidone-iodine solution is able to completely eradicate multiple clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro with 10 minutes of exposure. Mice that have received a transtympanic injection of 1% povidone-iodine solution did not have significantly different auditory brainstem response or distortion product otoacoustic emission results compared with the control. Mice that received a povidone-iodine scrub or 10% povidone-iodine solution had significantly worsened hearing (25- and 13-dB increase in threshold, respectively; p < 0.05). In vivo CSOM infection recurred in all mice after the completion of treatment with 10% povidone-iodine solution, and there was no improvement in the bacterial load after treatment, indicating in vivo failure of therapy.
CONCLUSION
Povidone-iodine solution is effective at eliminating biofilm and persister cells in vitro at in vivo achievable concentrations but fails in vivo most likely because of kinetics of distribution in vivo. Even if drug distribution could be improved, the therapeutic window is likely to be too small given that the diluted solution does not have ototoxic potential, whereas while the scrub variant, which contains detergents, and the undiluted solution are ototoxic after a single treatment.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Povidone-Iodine; Otitis Media, Suppurative; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Ototoxicity; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 36240734
DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003726