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MSystems Feb 2023With growing awareness that what we put in and on our bodies affects our health and wellbeing, little is still known about the impact of textiles on the human skin....
With growing awareness that what we put in and on our bodies affects our health and wellbeing, little is still known about the impact of textiles on the human skin. Athletic wear often uses silver threading to improve hygiene, but little is known about its effect on the body's largest organ. In this study, we investigated the impact of such clothing on the skin's chemistry and microbiome. Samples were collected from different body sites of a dozen volunteers over the course of 12 weeks. The changes induced by the antibacterial clothing were specific for individuals, but more so defined by gender and body site. Unexpectedly, the microbial biomass on skin increased in the majority of the volunteers when wearing silver-threaded T-shirts. Although the most abundant taxa remained unaffected, silver caused an increase in diversity and richness of low-abundant bacteria and a decrease in chemical diversity. Both effects were mainly observed for women. The hallmark of the induced changes was an increase in the abundance of various monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), especially in the upper back. Several microbe-metabolite associations were uncovered, including , detected in the upper back area, which was correlated with the distribution of MUFAs, and spp. found in the underarms, which were associated with a series of different bile acids. Overall, these findings point to a notable impact of the silver-threaded material on the skin microbiome and chemistry. We observed that relatively subtle changes in the microbiome result in pronounced shifts in molecular composition. The impact of silver-threaded material on human skin chemistry and microbiome is largely unknown. Although the most abundant taxa remained unaffected, silver caused an increase in diversity and richness of low-abundant bacteria and a decrease in chemical diversity. The major change was an increase in the abundance of various monounsaturated fatty acids that were also correlated with . Additionally, spp., found in the underarms, were associated with different bile acids in the armpit samples. Overall, the impact of the silver-threaded clothing was gender and body site specific.
Topics: Humans; Female; Silver; Clothing; Skin; Textiles; Microbiota; Bacteria; Propionibacteriaceae
PubMed: 36722970
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00922-22 -
STAR Protocols Jun 2022In this protocol, we describe a germ-free model to investigate anaerobic bacterial biofilms. We detail how to establish spp. biofilms in the fruit fly's gut using an...
In this protocol, we describe a germ-free model to investigate anaerobic bacterial biofilms. We detail how to establish spp. biofilms in the fruit fly's gut using an easy to carry out method. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Bronnec and Alexeyev (2021) and Bronnec et al. (2022).
Topics: Animals; Biofilms; Drosophila melanogaster; Propionibacterium
PubMed: 35496790
DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101342 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Apr 1990Plasmid DNAs from 15 Propionibacterium strains were characterized by using restriction endonuclease analyses, DNA-DNA hybridizations, and curing experiments. Restriction...
Plasmid DNAs from 15 Propionibacterium strains were characterized by using restriction endonuclease analyses, DNA-DNA hybridizations, and curing experiments. Restriction endonuclease analysis identified seven distinct plasmids (pRGO1 through pRGO7). Detailed restriction maps were constructed for four of these plasmids. DNA-DNA hybridization analysis revealed that plasmids pRGO1 and pRGO2 had extensive sequence homology and that both were homologous to pRGO7 and to similar sequences of pRGO5. Plasmids pRGO4 and pRGO6 did not have any significant sequence homology with any of the other plasmids. Plasmid pRGO3 had partial sequence homology only with pRGO7. Curing of plasmids pRGO1, pRGO2, and pRGO5 was achieved by treatment with acriflavin, but we failed to identify any plasmid-encoded bacteriocin production, carbohydrate fermentation, or antibiotic resistance. However, physical evidence was obtained that tentatively linked the clumping phenotype of Propionibacterium jensenii P38 with plasmid pRGO5.
Topics: Base Sequence; DNA, Bacterial; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Plasmids; Propionibacterium; Restriction Mapping
PubMed: 2339876
DOI: 10.1128/aem.56.4.864-871.1990 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2020In this issue of the , R. E. Bumgarner, D. Harrison, and J. E. Hsu (J Clin Microbiol 58:e00121-19, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00121-19) address in a retrospective...
In this issue of the , R. E. Bumgarner, D. Harrison, and J. E. Hsu (J Clin Microbiol 58:e00121-19, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00121-19) address in a retrospective analysis that clonality of isolates from deep tissue specimens obtained from patients during revision shoulder arthroplasty cannot be assumed. Given that multiple subtypes of isolates are present on and around the skin pilosebaceous follicles, the finding of multiple subtypes in deep tissues around a single patient's infected joint is not entirely surprising. However, the authors also challenge laboratorians to consider whether further assessment of isolates from the same joint should be performed and, if so, what testing should be undertaken.
Topics: Arthroplasty; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder; Humans; Propionibacterium acnes; Retrospective Studies; Skin
PubMed: 31801840
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01638-19 -
Microbial Cell Factories Oct 2022Propionibacterium freudenreichii is used in biotechnological applications to produce vitamin B. Although cultured mainly in anaerobic conditions, microaerobic conditions...
BACKGROUND
Propionibacterium freudenreichii is used in biotechnological applications to produce vitamin B. Although cultured mainly in anaerobic conditions, microaerobic conditions can greatly enhance biomass formation in P. freudenreichii. Since B yields may be coupled to biomass formation, microaerobic conditions show great potential for increasing B yields in P. freudenreichii.
RESULTS
Here we show biomass formation increases 2.7 times for P. freudenreichii grown in microaerobic conditions on lactate versus anaerobic conditions (1.87 g/L vs 0.70 g/L). Consumption of lactate in microaerobic conditions resulted first in production of pyruvate, propionate and acetate. When lactate was depleted, pyruvate and propionate were oxidised with a concomitant sixfold increase in the B titer compared to anaerobic conditions, showing potential for propionate and pyruvate as carbon sources for B production. Consequently, a fed-batch reactor with anaerobically precultured lactate-grown cells was fed propionate in microaerobic conditions resulting in biomass increase and production of B. Vitamin yields increased from 0.3 [Formula: see text] B per mmol lactate in anaerobic conditions to 2.4 [Formula: see text] B per mmol lactate and 8.4 [Formula: see text] B per mmol propionate in microaerobic conditions. Yield per cell dry weight (CDW) increased from 41 [Formula: see text] per g CDW in anaerobic conditions on lactate to 92 [Formula: see text] per g CDW on lactate and 184 [Formula: see text] per g CDW on propionate in microaerobic conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
Here we have shown both B yield per substrate and per CDW were highest on cells oxidising propionate in microaerobic conditions, showing the potential of propionate for biotechnological production of vitamin B by P. freudenreichii.
Topics: Propionibacterium freudenreichii; Propionates; Propionibacterium; Vitamin B 12; Lactic Acid; Pyruvates; Vitamins
PubMed: 36307780
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01945-8 -
Journal of Advanced Research Jul 2021The seed-associated microbiome has a strong influence on plant ecology, fitness, and productivity. Plant microbiota could be exploited for a more responsible crop...
INTRODUCTION
The seed-associated microbiome has a strong influence on plant ecology, fitness, and productivity. Plant microbiota could be exploited for a more responsible crop management in sustainable agriculture. However, the relationships between seed microbiota and hosts related to the changes from ancestor species to breeded crops still remain poor understood.
OBJECTIVES
Our aims were i) to understand the effect of cereal domestication on seed endophytes in terms of diversity, structure and co-occurrence, by comparing four cereal crops and the respective ancestor species; ii) to test the phylogenetic coherence between cereals and their seed microbiota (clue of co-evolution).
METHODS
We investigated the seed microbiota of four cereal crops (, , and ), along with their respective ancestors (, , and , respectively) using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiling of host plants and co-evolution analysis.
RESULTS
The diversity of seed microbiota was generally higher in cultivated cereals than in wild ancestors, suggesting that domestication lead to a bacterial diversification. On the other hand, more microbe-microbe interactions were detected in wild species, indicating a better-structured, mature community. Typical human-associated taxa, such as , dominated in cultivated cereals, suggesting an interkingdom transfers of microbes from human to plants during domestication. Co-evolution analysis revealed a significant phylogenetic congruence between seed endophytes and host plants, indicating clues of co-evolution between hosts and seed-associated microbes during domestication.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates a diversification of the seed microbiome as a consequence of domestication, and provides clues of co-evolution between cereals and their seed microbiota. This knowledge is useful to develop effective strategies of microbiome exploitation for sustainable agriculture.
Topics: Aegilops; Biological Evolution; Crops, Agricultural; Domestication; Edible Grain; Endophytes; Hordeum; Humans; Microbiota; Phylogeny; Propionibacteriaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; Seeds; Triticum
PubMed: 34194833
DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.12.008 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2022Inappropriate wound healing (WH) management can cause significant comorbidities, especially in patients affected by chronic and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. WH...
Inappropriate wound healing (WH) management can cause significant comorbidities, especially in patients affected by chronic and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. WH involves several different, partially overlapping processes, including hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation, and remodeling. Oxidative stress in WH contributes to WH impairment because of the overexpression of radical oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidative action of a gel containing a extract (Emorsan Gel) and assess its skin re-epithelialization properties in a mouse model of WH. The scavenging effects of the bacterial extract were assessed in vitro through the ABTS and DPPH assays and in L-929 murine fibroblasts. The effects of the Emorsan Gel were studied in vivo in a murine model of WH. After WH induction, mice were treated daily with vehicle or Emorsan Gel for 6 or 12 days. According to the in vitro tests, the extract exerted an inhibitory effect on ROS and RNS, consequently leading to the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels. Before proceeding with the in vivo study, the Emorsan Gel was verified to be unabsorbed. Therefore, the observed effects could be ascribed to a local action. The results obtained in vivo showed that through local reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α), the Emorsan Gel significantly reduced the infiltration of mast cells into the injured wound, leading to the amelioration of symptoms such as itch and skin irritation. Therefore, the Emorsan Gel improved the speed and percentage of wound area closure by improving the tissue remodeling process, prompting vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)- β production and reducing the expression of adhesion molecules. Emorsan Gel, by its ability to inhibit free radicals, could reduce local inflammation and oxidative stress, thus enhancing the speed of wound healing.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Inflammation; Mice; Plant Extracts; Propionibacterium; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35563099
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094708 -
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2019Cutibacterium acnes has been identified as one of the main triggers of acne. However, increasing knowledge of the human skin microbiome raises questions about the role... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Cutibacterium acnes has been identified as one of the main triggers of acne. However, increasing knowledge of the human skin microbiome raises questions about the role of other skin commensals, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, in the physiopathology of this skin disease.
SUMMARY
This review provides an overview of current knowledge of the potential role of S. epidermidis in the physiopathology of acne. Recent research indicates that acne might be the result of an unbalanced equilibrium between C. acnes and S. epidermidis,according to dedicated interactions. Current treatments act on C. acnesonly. Other treatment options may be considered, such as probiotics derived from S. epidermidis to restore the naturally balanced microbiota or through targeting the regulation of the host's AMP mediators. Key Messages: Research seems to confirm the beneficial role of S. epidermidis in acne by limiting C. acnes over-colonisation and inflammation.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Microbial Interactions; Microbiological Phenomena; Microbiota; Propionibacteriaceae; Skin; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus epidermidis
PubMed: 31112983
DOI: 10.1159/000499858 -
Science Advances Mar 2023Acne is an inflammatory skin disease mainly caused by , which can cause local inflammatory reactions and develop into chronic inflammatory diseases in severe cases. To...
Acne is an inflammatory skin disease mainly caused by , which can cause local inflammatory reactions and develop into chronic inflammatory diseases in severe cases. To avoid the use of antibiotics and to effectively treat the site of acne, we report a sodium hyaluronate microneedle patch that mediates the transdermal delivery of ultrasound-responsive nanoparticles for the effective treatment of acne. The patch contains nanoparticles formed by zinc porphyrin-based metal-organic framework and zinc oxide (ZnTCPP@ZnO). We demonstrated activated oxygen-mediated killing of with an antibacterial efficiency of 99.73% under 15 min of ultrasound irradiation, resulting in a decrease in levels of acne-related factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins, and matrix metalloproteinases. The zinc ions up-regulated DNA replication-related genes, promoting the proliferation of fibroblasts and, consequently, skin repair. This research leads to a highly effective strategy for acne treatment through the interface engineering of ultrasound response.
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Propionibacterium acnes; Interleukins; Bacterial Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36888703
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf0854 -
PloS One 2019Dandruff is a skin condition that affects the scalp of up to half the world's population, it is characterised by an itchy, flaky scalp and is associated with...
Dandruff is a skin condition that affects the scalp of up to half the world's population, it is characterised by an itchy, flaky scalp and is associated with colonisation of the skin by Malassezia spp. Management of this condition is typically via antifungal therapies, however the precise role of microbes in the aggravation of the condition are incompletely characterised. Here, a combination of 454 sequencing and qPCR techniques were used to compare the scalp microbiota of dandruff and non-dandruff affected Chinese subjects. Based on 454 sequencing of the scalp microbiome, the two most abundant bacterial genera found on the scalp surface were Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) and Staphylococcus, while Malassezia was the main fungal inhabitant. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of four scalp taxa (M. restricta, M. globosa, C. acnes and Staphylococcus spp.) believed to represent the bulk of the overall population was additionally carried out. Metataxonomic and qPCR analyses were performed on healthy and lesional buffer scrub samples to facilitate assessment of whether the scalp condition is associated with differential microbial communities on the sampled skin. Dandruff was associated with greater frequencies of M. restricta and Staphylococcus spp. compared with the healthy population (p<0.05). Analysis also revealed the presence of an unclassified fungal taxon that could represent a novel Malassezia species.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; China; Dandruff; Dermatomycoses; Female; Humans; Malassezia; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Propionibacteriaceae; Scalp; Skin; Staphylococcus; Young Adult
PubMed: 31851674
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225796