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BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Jun 2023The CD93/IGFBP7 axis are key factors expressed in endothelial cells (EC) that mediate EC angiogenesis and migration. Upregulation of them contributes to tumor vascular...
The CD93/IGFBP7 axis are key factors expressed in endothelial cells (EC) that mediate EC angiogenesis and migration. Upregulation of them contributes to tumor vascular abnormality and blockade of this interaction promotes a favorable tumor microenvironment for therapeutic interventions. However, how these two proteins associated to each other remains unclear. In this study, we solved the human CD93-IGFBP7 complex structure to elucidate the interaction between the EGF domain of CD93 and the IB domain of IGFBP7. Mutagenesis studies confirmed the binding interactions and specificities. Cellular and mouse tumor studies demonstrated the physiological relevance of the CD93-IGFBP7 interaction in EC angiogenesis. Our study provides hints for development of therapeutic agents to precisely disrupt unwanted CD93-IGFBP7 signaling in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, analysis of the CD93 full-length architecture provides insights into how CD93 protrudes on the cell surface and forms a flexible platform for binding to IGFBP7 and other ligands.
PubMed: 37333140
DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.07.543655 -
Clinical Practice and Cases in... Aug 2022A 31-year-old female presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and a 15-centimeter bloody vaginal protrusion, which resulted during an attempted bowel...
CASE PRESENTATION
A 31-year-old female presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and a 15-centimeter bloody vaginal protrusion, which resulted during an attempted bowel movement. Reduction of the mass was unsuccessful, and the patient was taken to the operating room for examination.
DISCUSSION
In patients with a history of vaginal hysterectomy, the vaginal cuff can dehisce and abdominal contents may protrude through the vaginal canal. In this case presentation, the vaginal mass was found to be omental tissue, which could be mistaken for a prolapse of vaginal mucosa. Therefore, a proper pelvic exam is imperative, as prolapse through a cuff dehiscence can lead to severe complications.
PubMed: 36049188
DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2022.2.56353 -
European Review For Medical and... Oct 2023This study aimed to determine how prolapsed fetal membranes (PFM) affect perinatal outcomes in cases of cervical insufficiency undergoing emergency cerclage or expectant...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to determine how prolapsed fetal membranes (PFM) affect perinatal outcomes in cases of cervical insufficiency undergoing emergency cerclage or expectant management.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This retrospective study analyzed perinatal outcomes in 100 pregnant women with cervical insufficiency, including those with visible PFM at the cervical external os and those with protruding PFM to the vagina. The participants were subjected to either expectant management involving prescribed bedrest or emergency cerclage.
RESULTS
In the study population, 41 (41%) preferred bedrest, while 59 (59%) chose emergency cerclage. Among those managed expectantly, 10 (10%) had visible PFM, and 31 (31%) had protruding PFM. Among those who underwent emergency cerclage, 32 (32%) had visible PFM, and 27 (27%) had protruding PFM. Delivery after 32 weeks of gestation showed similar rates between women with visible and protruding PFM, regardless of the management approach chosen. These rates were significantly higher compared to those with protruding PFM managed with bed rest and emergency cerclage. Prolongation of pregnancy in protruding-cerclage and protruding-bedrest groups was 42.3±34 and 17.9±22 days, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings provide support for considering emergency cerclage as a viable option when addressing cases involving a visible form of PFM, although the recommendation is somewhat less robust in instances of protruding PFM. The implementation of an emergency cerclage procedure has the potential to extend the time frame between diagnosis and delivery, enhance neonatal survival rates, and increase the likelihood of births occurring after 28 weeks of gestation. However, it does not seem to significantly affect the rate of births taking place after 32 weeks of gestation. This could potentially lead to complications associated with premature births and extended stays in the postnatal neonatal intensive care unit. Therefore, it is crucial to offer families detailed information regarding the pros and cons of emergency cerclage.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Cerclage, Cervical; Premature Birth; Cervix Uteri; Uterine Cervical Incompetence; Extraembryonic Membranes; Pregnancy Outcome
PubMed: 37916363
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_34172 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022
Topics: Anencephaly; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
PubMed: 35812260
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.11.35107 -
Biophysics (Nagoya-shi, Japan) 2015Protein folding is a biological process that is essential for the proper functioning of proteins in all living organisms. In cells, many proteins require the assistance... (Review)
Review
Protein folding is a biological process that is essential for the proper functioning of proteins in all living organisms. In cells, many proteins require the assistance of molecular chaperones for their folding. Chaperonins belong to a class of molecular chaperones that have been extensively studied. However, the mechanism by which a chaperonin mediates the folding of proteins is still controversial. Denatured proteins are folded in the closed chaperonin cage, leading to the assumption that denatured proteins are completely encapsulated inside the chaperonin cage. In contrast to the assumption, we recently found that denatured protein interacts with hydrophobic residues at the subunit interfaces of the chaperonin, and partially protrude out of the cage. In this review, we will explain our recent results and introduce our model for the mechanism by which chaperonins accelerate protein folding, in view of recent findings.
PubMed: 27493521
DOI: 10.2142/biophysics.11.93 -
GMS Ophthalmology Cases 2024Spontaneous globe subluxation (SGS) is an uncommon condition wherein the equator of the globe protrudes anteriorly beyond the eyelid aperture causing severe...
Spontaneous globe subluxation (SGS) is an uncommon condition wherein the equator of the globe protrudes anteriorly beyond the eyelid aperture causing severe lagophthalmos, proptosis and exposure keratopathy. SGS can lead to an emotional disturbance leading to anxiety and fear, thereby affecting one's quality of life. The patients might often be able to reduce the globe on their own, but permanent measures must be taken to prevent recurrence and vision-threatening sequelae of SGS. We present this case due to its rarity and to highlight the importance of a simple, cost-effective and cosmetically acceptable bilateral tarsorrhaphy in management of SGS.
PubMed: 38774400
DOI: 10.3205/oc000236 -
Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic... Sep 2020Pectus carinatum is a common chest wall anomaly. It occurs five times more frequently in males than females and can be present at birth, although it usually progresses...
Pectus carinatum is a common chest wall anomaly. It occurs five times more frequently in males than females and can be present at birth, although it usually progresses during adolescence. The correction of chest wall anomalies offers patients significant improvements in quality of life and it should never be regarded as an entirely cosmetic issue. Most patients with pectus carinatum can be corrected with a brace. When bracing is not an option, good results can be obtained by surgery using the Ravitch method. In this method a midline incision is made over the sternum and costal cartilage is resected. In some patients the sternum protrudes and an osteotomy is necessary for optimal correction.
Topics: Costal Cartilage; Humans; Osteotomy; Pectus Carinatum; Postoperative Care; Sternotomy; Sternum
PubMed: 33000923
DOI: 10.1510/mmcts.2020.050 -
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Apr 2021The primary cilium, a sensory organelle that protrudes from the surface of most eukaryotic cells, receives and transduces various critical signals that are essential for...
The primary cilium, a sensory organelle that protrudes from the surface of most eukaryotic cells, receives and transduces various critical signals that are essential for normal development and homeostasis. Structural or functional disruption of primary cilia causes a number of human diseases, including cancer. Primary cilia has cross talks with cell cycle and it may act as a cell cycle checkpoint to suppress cancer development. Moreover, primary cilia has cross-regulation with autophagy, which may affect tumor progression. We then discuss the association of the primary cilia with several oncogenic signaling pathways, including Shh, Wnt, Notch and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). Since these signaling pathways are often over-activated in many types of human cancers, primary cilia are likely to play a role in the tumorigenesis by modulating these pathways. Finally, we summarize current progress on the role of cilia during tumorigenesis and the challenges that the cilia-cancer field faces.
Topics: Autophagy; Carcinogenesis; Cilia; Homeostasis; Humans; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34137221
DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0048 -
The FEBS Journal Jun 2021Cells possess a variety of organelles with characteristic structure and subcellular localization intimately linked to their specific function. While most are... (Review)
Review
Cells possess a variety of organelles with characteristic structure and subcellular localization intimately linked to their specific function. While most are intracellular and found in virtually all eukaryotic cells, there is a small group of organelles of elongated cylindrical shapes in highly specialized cells that protrude into the extracellular space, such as cilia, flagella, and microvilli. The ATP required by intracellular organelles is amply available in the cytosol, largely generated by mitochondria. However, such is not the case for cilia and flagella, whose slender structures cannot accommodate mitochondria. These organelles consume massive amounts of ATP to carry out high energy-demanding functions, such as sensory transduction or motility. ATP from the nearest mitochondria or other reactions within the cell body is severely limited by diffusion and generally insufficient to fuel the entire length of cilia and flagella. These organelles overcome this fuel restriction by local generation of ATP, using mechanisms that vary depending on the nutrients that are available in their particular external environment. Here, we review, with emphasis in mammals, the remarkable adaptations that cilia and flagella use to fuel their metabolic needs. Additionally, we discuss how a decrease in nutrients surrounding olfactory cilia might impair olfaction in COVID-19 patients.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; COVID-19; Cilia; Flagella; Humans; Mitochondria; Models, Biological; Organelles; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33142020
DOI: 10.1111/febs.15620 -
Joint Diseases and Related Surgery 2023The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the length of the protruded screws from the dorsal cortex and extensor tendon damage in all compartments.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the length of the protruded screws from the dorsal cortex and extensor tendon damage in all compartments.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between May 2020 and April 2021, a total of 29 patients (13 males, 16 females; mean age: 52.3±13.0 years; range, 30 to 78 years) who were operated and followed in our clinic for AO A2 and A3 distal radius fractures were included in this prospective study. Surface ultrasound (US) imaging was made to the dorsal sides of both wrists of the operated patients at different timepoints postoperatively. The length of screws with radius dorsal cortex penetration and the presence of tendinitis were recorded.
RESULTS
In 15 of 23 patients, the presence of 29 protruding screws was accompanied by tendinitis and, in eight patients, no tendinitis was observed, despite the partial protrusion of screws. A statistically significant correlation was found between the screw protrusion and presence of tendinitis (p<0.05). The number of protruding screws and tendinitis were seen mostly in the second compartment. There was a statistically significant correlation between the protruding screw length of >1.6 mm and the presence tendinitis (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Dorsal cortex screw protrusions in the application of volar plate for distal radius fractures can cause tendinitis. Screw protrusions occur more frequently in the second compartment and the development of tendinitis in this compartment is associated with a screw length of >1.6 mm. Screw penetration can be easily identified with intraoperative US to prevent tendinitis and potential tendon ruptures.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Radius Fractures; Prospective Studies; Fluoroscopy; Radius; Bone Screws; Wrist Fractures
PubMed: 36700271
DOI: 10.52312/jdrs.2023.856