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Hormones (Athens, Greece) 2014
Review
Topics: 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Alopecia; Androgens; Animals; Comorbidity; Cost of Illness; Estradiol Congeners; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hair Follicle; Humans; Incidence; Male; Phenotype; Receptors, Androgen; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Testosterone Congeners
PubMed: 24776620
DOI: 10.1007/BF03401334 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2023We reviewed and summarized the latest reports on the characteristics of stem cells and follicular cells that are under development for hair loss treatment. Compared with... (Review)
Review
We reviewed and summarized the latest reports on the characteristics of stem cells and follicular cells that are under development for hair loss treatment. Compared with conventional medicine, cell therapy could be effective in the long term with a single treatment while having mild adverse effects. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have the advantages of easy access and large isolation amount compared with dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cup cells (DSCs), and promote hair growth through the paracrine effect. ASCs have a poor potential in hair neogenesis, therefore, methods to enhance trichogenecity of ASCs should be developed. DSCs can be isolated from the peribulbar dermal sheath cup, while having immune tolerance, and hair inductivity. Therefore, DSCs were first developed and finished the phase II clinical trial; however, the hair growth was not satisfactory. Considering that a single injection of DSCs is effective for at least 9 months in the clinical setting, they can be an alternative therapy for hair regeneration. Though DPCs are not yet studied in clinical trials, we should pay attention to DPCs, as hair loss is associated with gradual reduction of DPCs and DP cell numbers fluctuate over the hair cycle. DPCs could make new hair follicles with epidermal cells, and have an immunomodulatory function to enable allogeneic transplantation. In addition, we can expand large quantities of DPCs with hair inductivity using spheroid culture, hypoxia condition, and growth factor supplement. 'Off-the-shelf' DPC therapy could be effective and economical, and therefore promising for hair regeneration.
Topics: Humans; Cells, Cultured; Hair; Hair Follicle; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Alopecia
PubMed: 36370520
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113988 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2012
Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Facies; Female; Hair Color; Humans; Werner Syndrome
PubMed: 22565447
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.95469 -
Dermatology Online Journal Aug 2012Cutaneous sarcoidosis of the scalp may induce scarring alopecia, which clinically resembles other forms of primary cicatricial alopecia. Differentiation via histologic... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous sarcoidosis of the scalp may induce scarring alopecia, which clinically resembles other forms of primary cicatricial alopecia. Differentiation via histologic evaluation is necessary because sarcoidosis demonstrates classical non-caseating granulomas. Review of the literature reveals that sarcoidosis-induced alopecia occurs more commonly in black females age 23 to 78, with the majority of patients having coexisting facial sarcoidosis with pulmonary and lymph node involvement. Given the strong association between sarcoidal alopecia and systemic sarcoidosis, evaluation of the patient is indicated if alopecia is the initial presenting manifestation.
Topics: Black or African American; Alopecia; Cicatrix; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sarcoidosis; Scalp; Sex Factors
PubMed: 22948054
DOI: No ID Found -
American Family Physician Feb 2017
Topics: Alopecia; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Military Personnel; Nails; Young Adult
PubMed: 28145665
DOI: No ID Found -
JCI Insight Dec 2023Hair loss is a debilitating condition associated with the depletion of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), which can be replenished by dermal sheath cells (DSCs). Hence,...
Hair loss is a debilitating condition associated with the depletion of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), which can be replenished by dermal sheath cells (DSCs). Hence, strategies aimed at increasing the populations of DPCs and DSCs hold promise for the treatment of hair loss. In this study, we demonstrated in mice that introduced exogenous DPCs and DSCs (hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells) could effectively migrate and integrate into the dermal papilla and dermal sheath niches, leading to enhanced hair growth and prolonged anagen phases. However, the homing rates of DPCs and DSCs were influenced by various factors, including recipient mouse depilation, cell passage number, cell dose, and immune rejection. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we also discovered that the CXCL13/CXCR5 pathway mediated the homing of DPCs and DSCs into hair follicle niches. This study underscores the potential of cell-based therapies for hair loss by targeted delivery of DPCs and DSCs to their respective niches and sheds light on the intriguing concept that isolated mesenchymal stem cells can home back to their original niche microenvironment.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Hair Follicle; Cells, Cultured; Alopecia; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Mesenchymal Stem Cells
PubMed: 37917167
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173549 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Dec 1959
Topics: Alopecia; Colchicine; Humans
PubMed: 14420340
DOI: 10.1038/jid.1959.162 -
PloS One 2024Early-onset androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has been associated with various chronic conditions, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). Gaining a deep understanding of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Early-onset androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has been associated with various chronic conditions, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). Gaining a deep understanding of early-onset AGA may enable earlier intervention in individuals at high risks. This scoping review aims to explore the risk factors and etiology, associated conditions, and adverse effects on wellbeing in early-onset AGA.
METHODS
Electronic literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRIAL. Eligible studies included case-control, cohort, cross-sectional, and meta-analysis studies. Selected studies needed to clearly define early-onset AGA cases or include only cases starting before the age of 40 and compare them with appropriate controls. The exclusion criteria comprised editorials, commentaries, case series, and non-systematic reviews, among others. Data extraction involved collecting study characteristics, methodologies, main outcomes, and findings. Descriptive tables were used to summarize key information and relevant variables when necessary.
RESULTS
Among the 65 eligible articles, 67.69% were case-control studies and 78.46% evaluated only male patients. "Early-onset" was defined as cases developing before the age of 30 years in 43.08% of the studies. The Hamilton-Norwood scale was the most frequently used method for evaluating the severity of alopecia in men (69.23%). Reported risk factors for early-onset AGA included a family history of AGA, cigarette smoking, unhealthy dietary habits, and a high body mass index. Early-onset AGA may also be associated with hormonal profiles, 5α-reductase enzyme activity, androgen receptor genes, and some susceptibility loci. Comorbidities investigated included MetS, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and Parkinson's disease. Men with early-onset AGA may have reduced treatment efficacy with drug like rosuvastatin, metformin or lisinopril for dyslipidemia, prediabetes, or hypertension. Additionally, young men with AGA tended to suffer from psychological issues such as anxiety and low self-esteem compared to those without hair loss.
CONCLUSION
Early-onset AGA is a complex condition with various risk factors and etiology, associated comorbidities, and potential implications for treatment response and psychological health.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Alopecia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dyslipidemias; Metabolic Syndrome; Risk Factors; Female
PubMed: 38451966
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299212 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Apr 2000
Topics: Alopecia; Attitude of Health Personnel; Empathy; Health Priorities; Humans; Male; Norway; Physician's Role
PubMed: 10863337
DOI: No ID Found -
Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery Mar 2015Hair loss or alopecia affects the majority of the population at some time in their life, and increasingly, sufferers are demanding treatment. Three main types of... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Hair loss or alopecia affects the majority of the population at some time in their life, and increasingly, sufferers are demanding treatment. Three main types of alopecia (androgenic [AGA], areata [AA] and chemotherapy-induced [CIA]) are very different, and have their own laboratory models and separate drug-discovery efforts.
AREAS COVERED
In this article, the authors review the biology of hair, hair follicle (HF) cycling, stem cells and signaling pathways. AGA, due to dihydrotesterone, is treated by 5-α reductase inhibitors, androgen receptor blockers and ATP-sensitive potassium channel-openers. AA, which involves attack by CD8(+)NK group 2D-positive (NKG2D(+)) T cells, is treated with immunosuppressives, biologics and JAK inhibitors. Meanwhile, CIA is treated by apoptosis inhibitors, cytokines and topical immunotherapy.
EXPERT OPINION
The desire to treat alopecia with an easy topical preparation is expected to grow with time, particularly with an increasing aging population. The discovery of epidermal stem cells in the HF has given new life to the search for a cure for baldness. Drug discovery efforts are being increasingly centered on these stem cells, boosting the hair cycle and reversing miniaturization of HF. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune attack in AA will yield new drugs. New discoveries in HF neogenesis and low-level light therapy will undoubtedly have a role to play.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Alopecia; Animals; Drug Discovery; Hair; Hair Follicle; Humans; Immunotherapy; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Stem Cells
PubMed: 25662177
DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.1009892