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Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2019This review addresses novel approaches for influencing the transcriptome, the epigenome, the microbiome, the proteome, and the energy metabolome. These innovations help... (Review)
Review
This review addresses novel approaches for influencing the transcriptome, the epigenome, the microbiome, the proteome, and the energy metabolome. These innovations help develop psychotropic medications which will directly reach the molecular targets, leading to beneficial effects, and which will be individually adapted to provide more efficacy and less toxicity. The series of advances described here show that these once utopian goals for psychiatric treatment are now real themes of research, indicating that the future path for psychopharmacology might not be as narrow and grim as considered during the last few decades. .
Topics: Drug Development; Epigenome; Humans; Mental Disorders; Metabolome; Microbiota; Proteome; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic Drugs; Transcriptome
PubMed: 31636486
DOI: 10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.2/pschulz -
Psychopharmacology Aug 2019
PubMed: 31289883
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05320-1 -
Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford,... May 2017Decisions about the use of psychotropic medication in pregnancy are an ongoing challenge for clinicians and women with mental health problems, owing to the uncertainties...
Decisions about the use of psychotropic medication in pregnancy are an ongoing challenge for clinicians and women with mental health problems, owing to the uncertainties around risks of the illness itself to mother and fetus/infant, effectiveness of medications in pregnancy and risks to the fetus/infant from in utero exposure or via breast milk. These consensus guidelines aim to provide pragmatic advice regarding these issues. They are divided into sections on risks of untreated illness in pregnancy; general principles of using drugs in the perinatal period; benefits and harms associated with individual drugs; and recommendations for the management of specific disorders.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mental Disorders; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 28440103
DOI: 10.1177/0269881117699361 -
Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford,... Jun 2016The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines specify the scope and targets of treatment for bipolar disorder. The third version is based explicitly on the...
The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines specify the scope and targets of treatment for bipolar disorder. The third version is based explicitly on the available evidence and presented, like previous Clinical Practice Guidelines, as recommendations to aid clinical decision making for practitioners: it may also serve as a source of information for patients and carers, and assist audit. The recommendations are presented together with a more detailed review of the corresponding evidence. A consensus meeting, involving experts in bipolar disorder and its treatment, reviewed key areas and considered the strength of evidence and clinical implications. The guidelines were drawn up after extensive feedback from these participants. The best evidence from randomized controlled trials and, where available, observational studies employing quasi-experimental designs was used to evaluate treatment options. The strength of recommendations has been described using the GRADE approach. The guidelines cover the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, clinical management, and strategies for the use of medicines in short-term treatment of episodes, relapse prevention and stopping treatment. The use of medication is integrated with a coherent approach to psychoeducation and behaviour change.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Combined Modality Therapy; Consensus; Diagnosis, Differential; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Medication Adherence; Patient Education as Topic; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Psychopharmacology; Secondary Prevention
PubMed: 26979387
DOI: 10.1177/0269881116636545 -
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... Aug 2014There is little doubt that undergraduate and post-graduate training of physicians, pharmacists, and nurses is insufficient to prepare them to use psychotropics safely... (Review)
Review
There is little doubt that undergraduate and post-graduate training of physicians, pharmacists, and nurses is insufficient to prepare them to use psychotropics safely and effectively, especially in the context of their expanded off-label uses. Therefore, the development of competencies in psychotropic prescribing needs to be approached as a long-term, practice-based learning commitment. Proposed are the abilities and knowledge components necessary for safe and effective use of psychotropics. Typical challenges in prescribing for chronic and recurrent illnesses include highly variable responses and tolerability, drug interactions, and adverse effects that can be serious, irreversible, and even fatal. Prescribing psychotropics is further complicated by negative public and professional reports and growing patient concerns about the quality of care, and questions about the efficacy, safety, and addictive risks of psychotropics. Increased efforts are needed to enhance clinical training and knowledge in psychopharmacology among trainees and practising clinicians, with more comprehensive and sustained attention to the assessment of individual patients, and greater reliance on patient education and collaboration. Improved competence in psychotropic prescribing should lead to more informed, thoughtful, and better-targeted applications as one component of more comprehensive clinical care.
Topics: Canada; Clinical Competence; Cooperative Behavior; Curriculum; Education, Medical, Continuing; Education, Nursing, Continuing; Education, Pharmacy, Continuing; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Off-Label Use; Patient Education as Topic; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 25161064
DOI: 10.1177/070674371405900802 -
Neuropsychopharmacology : Official... Jan 2012
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Diseases; Humans; Neuropharmacology; Psychopharmacology
PubMed: 22157854
DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.233 -
JAMA Psychiatry Aug 2019
Topics: Consciousness; Humans; Ketamine; Mental Disorders; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Psilocybin; Psychopharmacology; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 31241740
DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.1145 -
Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2019The aim of this article is to review the interface between psychiatry and ophthalmology at several levels, such as the influence of psychopharmacology on eye disorders,... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to review the interface between psychiatry and ophthalmology at several levels, such as the influence of psychopharmacology on eye disorders, the occurrence of psychiatric symptoms in eye diseases, and the neuroophthalmological examination methods supporting the validity of psychiatric diagnoses.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We searched the PubMed computer database for the key words "Psychiatry" and "Ophthalmology" on the 28th of August, 2018 to obtain relevant articles which were consequently summarized.
RESULTS
The results showed that most patients with ocular disease simultaneously have one or more psychiatric symptoms. We also found a prevalence of eye-related side effects in patients who use psychiatric drugs. At the same time, we observed that some ophthalmology methods of diagnostics can be used as diagnostic tools in psychiatry.
CONCLUSIONS
Most studies showed a significant relation between psychiatry and ophthalmology, such as eye symptoms and diseases following long-term use of psychotropics as well as psychiatric symptoms and syndromes in patients with eye disorders. Our review may be beneficial to psychiatrists, ophthalmologists, and, last but not least, the patients themselves.
Topics: Eye Diseases; Humans; Neurologic Examination; Neuropsychological Tests; Ophthalmology; Psychiatry; Psychopharmacology; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 31362812
DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2019.104 -
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Nov 2019
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Psychiatry; Child; Child Psychiatry; Humans; Psychopharmacology
PubMed: 31702457
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000690 -
The World Journal of Biological... Feb 2017Objectives Post-graduate training for specialisation in psychiatry and psychotherapy is part of a 4-6-year programme. This paper aims to inform on the general situation... (Review)
Review
Objectives Post-graduate training for specialisation in psychiatry and psychotherapy is part of a 4-6-year programme. This paper aims to inform on the general situation of teaching and training of psychopharmacology-psychopharmacotherapy in Europe. It presents the need for a psychopharmacotherapy education in psychiatric training programmes. Arguments as well as a proposal for a catalogue of learning objectives and an outline of a psychopharmacology curriculum are presented. Methods Based on their experience and on an analysis of the literature, the authors, experts in psychopharmacology-pharmacotherapy teaching, critically analyse the present situation and propose the development of a curriculum at the European level. Results Teaching programmes vary widely between European countries and, generally, teaching of psychopharmacology and pharmacotherapy does not exceed two-dozen hours. This is insufficient if one considers the central importance of psychopharmacology. A psychopharmacology-psychopharmacotherapy curriculum for the professional training of specialists in psychiatry and psychotherapy is proposed. Conclusions As the number of hours of theoretical teaching and practical training is insufficient, a catalogue of learning objectives should be established, which would then be part of a comprehensive curriculum at the European level. It could be inspired partly by those few previously proposed by other groups of authors and organisations.
Topics: Curriculum; Education, Medical, Continuing; Europe; Humans; Psychiatry; Psychopharmacology; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 26850137
DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2016.1149219