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Scientific Reports Nov 2022The growth of the self-concept through increasing perspectives, identities, resources, and efficacy is known as self-expansion and typically involves novelty, challenge,...
The growth of the self-concept through increasing perspectives, identities, resources, and efficacy is known as self-expansion and typically involves novelty, challenge, interest, and/or excitement. Self-expansion is positively associated with health factors including self-reported physical activity (PA). This study is the first to investigate self-expansion and daily PA, and with a PA monitor. Fifty community participants completed baseline questionnaires, wore a Fitbit One and completed daily self-report questionnaires for 28 days, and completed follow-up questionnaires. Daily surveys included questions about both general and PA-specific self-expansion. Across the 4 weeks, steps taken was positively correlated with both general (all maximum likelihood r = 0.17) and PA-specific self-expansion (maximum likelihood rs of 0.15 and 0.16), and PA-specific self-expansion was positively correlated (maximum likelihood rs of 0.38 and 0.50) with aerobic activity. Future research should investigate this relationship in a larger more diverse sample and test whether PA-specific self-expansion can be utilized as an acceptable, feasible, and effective intervention to increase daily steps and other forms of PA.
Topics: Humans; Self Report; Exercise; Pleasure; Self Concept
PubMed: 36446826
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24576-w -
Psychosomatic Medicine May 2012In this article, we review the differences between momentary, retrospective, and trait self-report techniques and discuss the unique role that ambulatory reports of... (Review)
Review
In this article, we review the differences between momentary, retrospective, and trait self-report techniques and discuss the unique role that ambulatory reports of momentary experience play in psychosomatic medicine. After a brief historical review of self-report techniques, we discuss the latest perspective that links ambulatory self-reports to a qualitatively different conscious self-the "experiencing self"--which is functionally and neuroanatomically different from the "remembering" and "believing" selves measured through retrospective and trait questionnaires. The experiencing self functions to navigate current environments and is relatively more tied to the salience network and corporeal information from the body that regulates autonomic processes. As evidence, we review research showing that experiences measured through ambulatory assessment have stronger associations with cardiovascular reactivity, cortisol response, immune system function, and threat/reward biomarkers compared with memories or beliefs. By contrast, memories and beliefs play important roles in decision making and long-term planning, but they are less tied to bodily processes and more tied to default/long-term memory networks, which minimizes their sensitivity for certain research questions. We conclude with specific recommendations for using self-report questionnaires in psychosomatic medicine and suggest that intensive ambulatory assessment of experiences may provide greater sensitivity for connecting psychological with biologic processes.
Topics: Consciousness; Emotions; Humans; Memory, Episodic; Mental Recall; Monitoring, Ambulatory; Psychosomatic Medicine; Self Concept; Self Report
PubMed: 22582330
DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182546f18 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2022This study analyzes the degree of agreement between three self-report measures (Walking Behavior, WALK questionnaire and logbooks) assessing adherence to walking...
This study analyzes the degree of agreement between three self-report measures (Walking Behavior, WALK questionnaire and logbooks) assessing adherence to walking programs through reporting their components (minutes, rests, times a week, consecutive weeks) and their concordance with a standard self-report of physical activity (IPAQ-S questionnaire) and an objective, namely number of steps (pedometer), in 275 women with fibromyalgia. Regularized partial correlation networks were selected as the analytic framework. Three network models based on two different times of assessment, namely T1 and T2, including 6 weeks between both, were used. WALK and the logbook were connected with Walking Behavior and also with the IPAQ-S. The logbook was associated with the pedometers (Z-score > 1 in absolute value). When the behavior was assessed specifically and in a detailed manner, participants’ results for the different self-report measures were in agreement. Specific self-report methods provide detailed information that is consistent with validated self-report measures (IPAQ-S) and objective measures (pedometers). The self-report measures that assess the behavioral components of physical activity are useful when studying the implementation of walking as physical exercise.
Topics: Actigraphy; Exercise; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Self Report; Walking
PubMed: 35270687
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052995 -
Behavior Research Methods Feb 2022Research on fine-grained dynamic psychological processes has increasingly come to rely on continuous self-report measures. Recent studies have extended continuous...
Research on fine-grained dynamic psychological processes has increasingly come to rely on continuous self-report measures. Recent studies have extended continuous self-report methods to simultaneously collecting ratings on two dimensions of an experience. For all the variety of approaches, several limitations are inherent to most of them. First, current methods are primarily suited for bipolar, as opposed to unipolar, constructs. Second, respondents report on two dimensions using one hand, which may produce method driven error, including spurious relationships between the two dimensions. Third, two-dimensional reports have primarily been validated for consistency between reporters, rather than the predictive validity of idiosyncratic responses. In a series of tasks, the study reported here addressed these limitations by comparing a previously used method to a newly developed two-handed method, and by explicitly testing the validity of continuous two-dimensional responses. Results show that our new method is easier to use, faster, more accurate, with reduced method-driven dependence between the two dimensions, and preferred by participants. The validity of two-dimensional responding was also demonstrated in comparison to one-dimensional reporting, and in relation to post hoc ratings. Together, these findings suggest that our two-handed method for two-dimensional continuous ratings is a powerful and reliable tool for future research.
Topics: Humans; Research Design; Self Report
PubMed: 34240335
DOI: 10.3758/s13428-021-01616-3 -
PloS One 2018Health effects of sedentary behaviors (SB) may vary depending on their characteristics such as type, purpose, duration, and intensity of the behavior. While a growing... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Health effects of sedentary behaviors (SB) may vary depending on their characteristics such as type, purpose, duration, and intensity of the behavior. While a growing number of questionnaires assess sedentary behaviors, it is unclear which characteristics of SB are measured. The aim of this review was to examine the content of self-report SB questionnaires.
METHODS
Three databases were searched for sedentary behavior questionnaires published before January 1st, 2016. Based on the inclusion criteria, 82 articles out of 1369 were retrieved for a total of 60 questionnaires. For each questionnaire, the sedentary behavior characteristics identified were reported and analyzed.
RESULTS
Most of the questionnaires assessed the time (n = 60), posture (n = 54), purpose (n = 46) and the types (n = 45) of SB performed. Fewer questionnaires assessed the environment (n = 20) social context (n = 11), status (n = 2), and associated behaviors (n = 2) related to sedentary behaviors. All the questionnaires except two assessed time spent in SB with 17 assessing frequency and 6 assessing breaks in SB. The most frequent characteristics identified in the questionnaires were the categories of sitting (90%), a day (95%), watching television (65%) and using a computer (55%). Many characteristics of SB were not measured.
CONCLUSIONS
By knowing the breadth of SB included in questionnaires, this review provides support to shape the design of new questionnaires designed to reduce the gaps in measuring sedentary behaviors.
Topics: Health Behavior; Humans; Sedentary Behavior; Self Report
PubMed: 29509791
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193812 -
School Psychology (Washington, D.C.) Mar 2019School satisfaction is a critical aspect of well-being for every child and adolescent. Yet studies have rarely investigated whether school satisfaction varies depending...
School satisfaction is a critical aspect of well-being for every child and adolescent. Yet studies have rarely investigated whether school satisfaction varies depending upon participant characteristics and school-related social factors. Here we investigated whether disability and gender moderate adolescents' self-report of school satisfaction. We also explored the role of mediating variables such as teacher support, parent support, and relationships with peers (including friendships and also bullying). Our analysis of data from 3,830 adolescents revealed a significant interaction between disability and gender. Girls with disabilities reported the lowest school satisfaction, an effect that appeared to be more strongly mediated by perceived lack of teacher support than other variables. Our findings are novel in disaggregating school satisfaction data by both disability and gender to reveal an interaction between these variables and in investigating the role of mediating variables relating to school-related social factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Adolescent; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Male; Personal Satisfaction; Schools; Self Report; Sex Factors; Social Support
PubMed: 30284888
DOI: 10.1037/spq0000275 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Mar 2019The ability to regulate behavior in service of long-term goals is a widely studied psychological construct known as self-regulation. This wide interest is in part due to... (Review)
Review
The ability to regulate behavior in service of long-term goals is a widely studied psychological construct known as self-regulation. This wide interest is in part due to the putative relations between self-regulation and a range of real-world behaviors. Self-regulation is generally viewed as a trait, and individual differences are quantified using a diverse set of measures, including self-report surveys and behavioral tasks. Accurate characterization of individual differences requires measurement reliability, a property frequently characterized in self-report surveys, but rarely assessed in behavioral tasks. We remedy this gap by () providing a comprehensive literature review on an extensive set of self-regulation measures and () empirically evaluating test-retest reliability of this battery in a new sample. We find that dependent variables (DVs) from self-report surveys of self-regulation have high test-retest reliability, while DVs derived from behavioral tasks do not. This holds both in the literature and in our sample, although the test-retest reliability estimates in the literature are highly variable. We confirm that this is due to differences in between-subject variability. We also compare different types of task DVs (e.g., model parameters vs. raw response times) in their suitability as individual difference DVs, finding that certain model parameters are as stable as raw DVs. Our results provide greater psychometric footing for the study of self-regulation and provide guidance for future studies of individual differences in this domain.
Topics: Humans; Individuality; Models, Statistical; Psychological Tests; Reproducibility of Results; Self Report; Self-Control
PubMed: 30842284
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818430116 -
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases May 2021Little is known about the spectrum of everyday challenges that people with skeletal dysplasia face because of their health and functioning. We aimed to identify factors...
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the spectrum of everyday challenges that people with skeletal dysplasia face because of their health and functioning. We aimed to identify factors related to health, functioning and disability in people with skeletal dysplasia, and their challenges with accessibility in order to form a self-reported questionnaire for national data collection. The comprehensive musculoskeletal post-acute core set of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used as a framework.
METHODS
An iterative, participatory and qualitative process was used to formulate a questionnaire. Items were searched from Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System and from other self-report instruments, additional items were formulated using ICF linking rules. Expert panels from the target population assessed the face and content validity in thematic interviews.
RESULTS
The questionnaire demonstrated its relevance, comprehensiveness and feasibility for people with skeletal dysplasia. The ICF linkages showed the contents' correspondence to the construct. Expert panels added 15 categories and one on chapter level to the core set and confirmed content validity. The final survey covers 86 ICF categories and 173 ICF-linked items that were grouped to 33 questions.
CONCLUSIONS
The content of the questionnaire proved to be sufficiently valid for people with skeletal dysplasia. It can be used to explore their health, functioning, disability and accessibility to develop care and rehabilitation policies, to plan services and to provide information to various parties involved.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Disabled Persons; Humans; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34022932
DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01857-7 -
BMC Research Notes Dec 2023How we express and describe emotion is shaped by sociocultural norms. These sociocultural norms may also affect emotional self-awareness, i.e., how we identify and make...
OBJECTIVE
How we express and describe emotion is shaped by sociocultural norms. These sociocultural norms may also affect emotional self-awareness, i.e., how we identify and make sense of our own emotions. Previous studies have found lower emotional self-awareness in East Asian compared to Western samples using self-report measures. However, studies using behavioural methods did not provide clear evidence of reduced emotional self-awareness in East Asian groups. This may be due to different measurement tools capturing different facets of emotional self-awareness.
RESULTS
To investigate this issue further, we compared the emotional self-awareness of Japanese (n = 29) and United Kingdom (UK) (n = 43) adults using the self-report Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), alongside two behavioural measures - the Emotional Consistency Task (EC-Task) and the Photo Emotion Differentiation Task (PED-Task). Japanese adults showed higher TAS-20 scores than UK participants, indicating greater self-reported difficulties with emotional self-awareness. Japanese participants also had lower EC-Task scores than UK adults, indicating a lower ability to differentiate between levels of emotional intensity. PED-Task performance did not show clear group differences. These findings suggest that cross-cultural differences in emotional self-awareness vary with the task used, because different tasks assess distinct aspects of this ability. Future research should attempt to capture these different aspects of emotional self-awareness.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Self Report; Japan; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Awareness; Emotions
PubMed: 38129883
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06660-0 -
Comprehensive Psychiatry Jan 2022When grief reactions after bereavement are so intense that they impair daily functioning, a diagnosis of disturbed grief may apply. Slightly differing criteria-sets for...
Valid measurement of DSM-5 persistent complex bereavement disorder and DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder: The Traumatic Grief Inventory-Self Report Plus (TGI-SR+).
INTRODUCTION
When grief reactions after bereavement are so intense that they impair daily functioning, a diagnosis of disturbed grief may apply. Slightly differing criteria-sets for disturbed grief are included in the ICD-11, the DSM-5, and its forthcoming text revision, DSM-5-TR. We examined psychometric properties of a new self-report measure, the 22-item Traumatic Grief Inventory-Self Report Plus (TGI-SR+), that assesses these criteria sets for Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD) as per DSM-5, and Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) as defined in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We examined the: i) factor structure, ii) internal consistency, iii) temporal stability, iv) convergent validity, v) known-groups validity, vi) probable caseness, and vii) optimal clinical cut-off scores in two Dutch bereaved samples. Sample 1 consisted of 278 adults, bereaved by various causes. Sample 2 included 270 adults who lost loved ones in a traffic accident.
RESULTS
We found support for a 3-factor PCBD model, 1-factor DSM-5-TR model, and 1-factor ICD-11 PGD model. The DSM-5 PCBD, DSM-5-TR PGD, and ICD-11 PGD items demonstrated good internal consistency and temporal stability. Associations between disturbed grief symptoms and posttraumatic stress and depression levels supported convergent validity. Associations between demographic/loss-related variables and disturbed grief symptoms supported known-groups validity. Optimal clinical cut-offs for the TGI-SR+ total score were ≥ 75, ≥71, and ≥ 75 for probable caseness of DSM-5 PCBD, DSM-5-TR PGD, and ICD-11 PGD, respectively.
DISCUSSION
While replication of our findings in diverse bereaved samples is needed, we conclude that the TGI-SR+ is a reliable and valid measure to assess symptoms of DSM-5 PCBD, DSM-5-TR PGD, and ICD-11 PGD.
Topics: Adult; Bereavement; Grief; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Prolonged Grief Disorder; Self Report
PubMed: 34700189
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152281