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Clinical Case Reports Apr 2022The septate gallbladder is a rare congenital malformation. It is considered a risk factor of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We are reporting an image...
The septate gallbladder is a rare congenital malformation. It is considered a risk factor of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We are reporting an image in surgery of a septate gallbladder. It was discovered at an adult age. We are showing the difficulty of the diagnosis preoperatively on the radiological find.
PubMed: 35414909
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5666 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023The septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine anomaly, and hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing it. The goal of this meta-analysis is to perform a... (Review)
Review
Diagnostic Performance of Two-Dimensional Ultrasound, Two-Dimensional Sonohysterography and Three-Dimensional Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Septate Uterus-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND
The septate uterus is the most common congenital uterine anomaly, and hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing it. The goal of this meta-analysis is to perform a pooled analysis of the diagnostic performance of two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography, two-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography, three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound, and three-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography for the diagnosis of the septate uterus.
METHODS
Studies published between 1990 and 2022 were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. From 897 citations, we selected eighteen studies to include in this meta-analysis.
RESULTS
The mean prevalence of uterine septum in this meta-analysis was 27.8%. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 83% and 99% for two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography (ten studies), 94% and 100% for two-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography (eight studies), and 98% and 100% for three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (seven articles), respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional transvaginal sonohysterography was only described in two studies, and we did not calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity for this method.
CONCLUSION
Three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound has the best performance capacity for the diagnosis of the septate uterus.
PubMed: 36832295
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040807 -
ELife Sep 2022In the adult midgut, basal intestinal stem cells give rise to enteroblasts that integrate into the epithelium as they differentiate into enterocytes. Integrating...
In the adult midgut, basal intestinal stem cells give rise to enteroblasts that integrate into the epithelium as they differentiate into enterocytes. Integrating enteroblasts must generate a new apical domain and break through the septate junctions between neighbouring enterocytes, while maintaining barrier function. We observe that enteroblasts form an apical membrane initiation site (AMIS) when they reach the septate junction between the enterocytes. Cadherin clears from the apical surface and an apical space appears between above the enteroblast. New septate junctions then form laterally with the enterocytes and the AMIS develops into an apical domain below the enterocyte septate junction. The enteroblast therefore forms a pre-assembled apical compartment before it has a free apical surface in contact with the gut lumen. Finally, the enterocyte septate junction disassembles and the enteroblast/pre-enterocyte reaches the gut lumen with a fully formed brush border. The process of enteroblast integration resembles lumen formation in mammalian epithelial cysts, highlighting the similarities between the fly midgut and mammalian epithelia.
Topics: Animals; Cadherins; Digestive System; Drosophila; Drosophila Proteins; Drosophila melanogaster; Epithelium; Mammals
PubMed: 36169289
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.76366 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Case... Jun 2022To report a case of saccadic intrusions in a 9-month-old under the context of non-accidental trauma.
PURPOSE
To report a case of saccadic intrusions in a 9-month-old under the context of non-accidental trauma.
OBSERVATIONS
A 9-month-old female presented with the eye finding of intermittent ocular flutter. Upon imaging for neuroblastoma, she was discovered to have bilateral supratentorial subdural hematomas with internal septations, moderate mass effect on adjacent cerebral parenchyma, pachymeningeal and tentorial enhancement, and cortical vein thrombosis. This constellation of findings was concerning for non-accidental trauma.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE
Although an extremely rare occurrence, ocular flutter may be a presenting sign in non-accidental trauma, and imaging should absolutely be considered under such circumstances.
PubMed: 35572610
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101564 -
Fertility and Sterility Jan 2000To review the literature on the diagnosis, prevalence, and treatment of the septate uterus, with special reference to hysteroscopic metroplasty and its effect on... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature on the diagnosis, prevalence, and treatment of the septate uterus, with special reference to hysteroscopic metroplasty and its effect on reproductive outcome.
DESIGN
Pertinent studies were identified through a computer MEDLINE search. References of selected articles were hand-searched for additional citations.
RESULT(S)
Reliable diagnosis of the septate uterus depends on accurate assessment of the uterine fundal contour. At present, the combined use of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis, although recent reports of two-dimensional, transvaginal, contrast ultrasound and of three-dimensional ultrasound appear promising. The prevalence of the septate uterus is increased in women with repeated pregnancy loss. A metaanalysis of published retrospective data comparing pregnancy outcome before and after hysteroscopic septoplasty indicated a marked improvement after surgery.
CONCLUSION(S)
The hysteroscopic approach to treatment, with its simplicity, minimal postoperative sequelae, and improved reproductive outcome, has enabled a more liberalized approach to treatment that is now being extended to include not only patients with recurrent pregnancy loss and premature labor but also patients with infertility, especially if IVF is being contemplated.
Topics: Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Hysterosalpingography; Hysteroscopy; Postoperative Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Reproduction; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography; Uterus
PubMed: 10632403
DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00480-x -
Frontiers in Neuroscience 2014The efficacy of neuronal function requires a well-balanced extracellular ion homeostasis and a steady supply with nutrients and metabolites. Therefore, all organisms... (Review)
Review
The efficacy of neuronal function requires a well-balanced extracellular ion homeostasis and a steady supply with nutrients and metabolites. Therefore, all organisms equipped with a complex nervous system developed a so-called blood-brain barrier, protecting it from an uncontrolled entry of solutes, metabolites or pathogens. In higher vertebrates, this diffusion barrier is established by polarized endothelial cells that form extensive tight junctions, whereas in lower vertebrates and invertebrates the blood-brain barrier is exclusively formed by glial cells. Here, we review the development and function of the glial blood-brain barrier of Drosophila melanogaster. In the Drosophila nervous system, at least seven morphologically distinct glial cell classes can be distinguished. Two of these glial classes form the blood-brain barrier. Perineurial glial cells participate in nutrient uptake and establish a first diffusion barrier. The subperineurial glial (SPG) cells form septate junctions, which block paracellular diffusion and thus seal the nervous system from the hemolymph. We summarize the molecular basis of septate junction formation and address the different transport systems expressed by the blood-brain barrier forming glial cells.
PubMed: 25452710
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00365 -
Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria Jan 2024Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA), is a rare, congenital Müllerian duct anomaly...
Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA), is a rare, congenital Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by the association of septate uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The most common clinical presentation is an abdominal mass secondary to hematocolpos, pain, and dysmenorrhea. It is associated with infertility, endometriosis, and menstrual and obstetric alterations. The ultrasound is the technique of choice for the initial assessment, while the magnetic resonance imaging remains the most accurate method for diagnosis. The resection of the vaginal septum is the recommended treatment. Here we describe 2 clinical cases to highlight the importance of an early diagnosis to prevent potential complications in the future.
PubMed: 38197594
DOI: 10.5546/aap.2023-10138.eng -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jan 2017Women with a septate uterus are at increased risk for subfertility, recurrent miscarriage, and preterm birth. Restoration of the anatomy of the uterus by hysteroscopic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Women with a septate uterus are at increased risk for subfertility, recurrent miscarriage, and preterm birth. Restoration of the anatomy of the uterus by hysteroscopic septum resection is an established intervention. This treatment has been assessed mainly in retrospective cohort studies, which suggested a positive effect on pregnancy outcomes. The major flaw in these studies is the before/after design, which will always favour the tested intervention.
OBJECTIVES
To determine whether hysteroscopic septum resection in women of reproductive age with a septate uterus improves live birth rates and to assess the safety of this procedure.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register (inception to May 2016), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL CRSO) (inception to May 2016), MEDLINE (1946 to May 2016), Embase (1974 to May 2016), PsycINFO (1806 to May 2016), and CINAHL database (1982 to May 2016). We also searched trial registers for ongoing and registered trials, reference lists, the Cochrane Library, unpublished dissertations and theses, conference abstracts, OpenGrey, LILACS, PubMed, and Google.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We planned to include randomised controlled trials that assessed the effect on reproductive outcomes and the safety of hysteroscopic septum resection in women of reproductive age with a septate uterus.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
If there had been studies to include, two review authors would have independently selected studies, assessed trial risk of bias, and extracted data. They would also have contacted study authors for additional information.
MAIN RESULTS
As in the 2011 version of this review, we identified no randomised controlled trials for inclusion in this update.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Hysteroscopic septum resection in women of reproductive age with a septate uterus is performed worldwide to improve reproductive outcomes. At present, there is no evidence to support the surgical procedure in these women. Randomised controlled trials are urgently needed. Two trials are currently underway.
Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Female; Humans; Hysteroscopy; Pregnancy; Uterus
PubMed: 28093720
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008576.pub4 -
Current Biology : CB Nov 2020In epithelia, tricellular junctions (TCJs) serve as pivotal sites for barrier function and integration of both biochemical and mechanical signals [1-3]. In Drosophila,...
In epithelia, tricellular junctions (TCJs) serve as pivotal sites for barrier function and integration of both biochemical and mechanical signals [1-3]. In Drosophila, TCJs are composed of the transmembrane protein Sidekick at the adherens junction (AJ) level, which plays a role in cell-cell contact rearrangement [4-6]. At the septate junction (SJ) level, TCJs are formed by Gliotactin (Gli) [7], Anakonda (Aka) [8, 9], and the Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) M6 [10, 11]. Despite previous data on TCJ organization [12-14], TCJ assembly, composition, and links to adjacent bicellular junctions (BCJs) remain poorly understood. Here, we have characterized the making of TCJs within the plane of adherens junctions (tricellular adherens junction [tAJ]) and the plane of septate junctions (tricellular septate junction [tSJ]) and report that their assembly is independent of each other. Aka and M6, whose localizations are interdependent, act upstream to localize Gli. In turn, Gli stabilizes Aka at tSJ. Moreover, tSJ components are not only essential at vertex, as we found that loss of tSJ integrity induces micron-length bicellular SJ (bSJ) deformations. This phenotype is associated with the disappearance of SJ components at tricellular contacts, indicating that bSJs are no longer connected to tSJs. Reciprocally, SJ components are required to restrict the localization of Aka and Gli at vertex. We propose that tSJs function as pillars to anchor bSJs to ensure the maintenance of tissue integrity in Drosophila proliferative epithelia.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Cell Membrane; Drosophila Proteins; Drosophila melanogaster; Epithelial Cells; Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; Intercellular Junctions; Intravital Microscopy; Membrane Proteins; Myelin Proteolipid Protein; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Stability; Receptors, Scavenger
PubMed: 32857971
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.090 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2022In the current study, we explored the effects of dark septate endophytes (DSE) (, and ) on the performance and rhizosphere soil microbial composition of Murr under...
In the current study, we explored the effects of dark septate endophytes (DSE) (, and ) on the performance and rhizosphere soil microbial composition of Murr under drought stress. Differences in plant growth and physiological indexes, soil parameters, and microbial composition under different treatments were studied. Three DSE species could form good symbiotic relationships with plants, and the symbionts depended on DSE species and water availability. Inoculation of DSE had the greatest benefit on host plants under drought conditions. In particular, and had a significant positive influence on the biomass, morphological and physiological indexes of host plants. Additionally, the content of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi, gram-negative bacteria, and actinomycetes in the soil was significantly elevated after DSE inoculation in the absence of water. Based on a variance decomposition analysis, DSE was the most important factor affecting the growth and physiological parameters of host plants, and DSE inoculation combined with water conditions significantly affected the contents of soil microbial communities. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that the positive effects of DSE on varied with DSE species and plant parameters under different water conditions. These results are helpful to understand the ecological function of DSE and its potential application in the cultivation of plants in drylands.
PubMed: 35720577
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.898378