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Journal of Clinical Child and... 2018Aggression against siblings has been associated with a number of negative outcomes within community samples of children and adolescents, but little is known about this...
Aggression against siblings has been associated with a number of negative outcomes within community samples of children and adolescents, but little is known about this phenomenon within clinical samples. The current study empirically identified subtypes of sibling aggression, assessed prevalence within a clinic-referred sample of children and adolescents, and described risk factors associated with sibling aggression. Surveys were administered as part of the intake procedures at a community mental health center serving children and adolescents. The current study analyzed reports of sibling-directed aggression and mother-to-child aggression, as well as symptom counts, from a sample of 346 matched pairs of mothers and children or adolescents. Ages of child/adolescent participants ranged from 7 to 18 (M = 12.92, SD = 2.82) and were 55.8% male. The sample was primarily Caucasian (90.2%), were lower income, and resided in a semirural midwestern county. Sibling-directed aggression was reported by 93.1% of mothers and 82.4% of children. Principal components analyses identified two subtypes of sibling aggression, mild and severe. Mother and child/adolescent reports of sibling aggression demonstrated only moderate agreement. Mother-to-child verbal aggression and corporal punishment were more predictive of sibling aggression than more severe maternal aggression, and externalizing symptoms were also associated with sibling aggression. Sibling-directed aggression is very common among clinic-referred children and adolescents and may be an important target for treatment. Using multiple reports of sibling aggression could increase the chances of detection, as would awareness of other risk factors associated with sibling aggression.
Topics: Adolescent; Aggression; Child; Community Mental Health Services; Female; Humans; Male; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Punishment; Referral and Consultation; Siblings; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 26984063
DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1138409 -
BMJ Open Oct 2022Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is an everyday aspect of many children and young people's lives, both in the home and in their own relationships. Studies estimate that...
INTRODUCTION
Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is an everyday aspect of many children and young people's lives, both in the home and in their own relationships. Studies estimate that up to one million children and young people experience some form of DVA each year in the UK. Although the majority of families experiencing DVA have more than one child, most research to date has focused on individual children within these families. This study aims to explore the views of practitioners, parent/carers and young people on sibling responses in the context and aftermath of DVA. Our protocol has followed SPIRIT guidelines.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
We propose a multimethod study consisting of semistructured interviews, the completion of Sibling Relationship Questionnaires, photovoice interviews and illustrative case studies to explore sibling experiences in the context and aftermath of DVA. A purposive sample of front-line practitioner participants will be recruited and interviewed first. We will ask them to introduce us to parent/carer and young people participants using a snowball approach (n=70). Qualitative data will be analysed through reflexive thematic analysis, theoretically underpinned by critical realism, to explore patterns in participants' views and experiences of siblings in the context and aftermath of DVA. Quantitative data collected from the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire's four domains (warmth/closeness, power/status, conflict and rivalry) will be analysed. Data triangulation of the quantitative and qualitative data within this study will occur at the results interpretation stage.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
Ethical approval has been obtained from the University of Birmingham Research Ethic Committee (ERN_21-0795). Findings will be published in open access peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences and events. Child-facing infographics and front-line practitioner guides will also be produced.
Topics: Adolescent; Caregivers; Child; Child Abuse; Domestic Violence; Family; Humans; Siblings
PubMed: 36253046
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065022 -
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and... 2017To examine the effectiveness of sibling preparation classes to facilitate the adjustment of a firstborn child to the birth of a sibling.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effectiveness of sibling preparation classes to facilitate the adjustment of a firstborn child to the birth of a sibling.
DESIGN
Longitudinal study with five measurement occasions: third trimester of the mother's pregnancy and 1, 4, 8, and 12 months after the sibling's birth.
SETTING
Communities in southeastern Michigan.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 241 families, including mothers, fathers, and firstborn children.
METHODS
Mothers and fathers completed questionnaires to assess changes in children's adjustment. Parents were also asked about their children's attendance at a sibling preparation class focused specifically on preparation for the newborn. Effects of attendance were tested using linear mixed models.
RESULTS
Other than avoidance of the infant, children who attended sibling preparation classes did not differ from children who did not attend.
CONCLUSION
Sibling preparation classes for adjustment after the birth of an infant sibling had few effects on participants.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Child; Child Behavior; Female; Health Education; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Michigan; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Parents; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Sibling Relations; Siblings
PubMed: 28528809
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.03.005 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Physical activity is associated with a host of positive health outcomes and is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. We aim to: (1) estimate sibling...
Physical activity is associated with a host of positive health outcomes and is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. We aim to: (1) estimate sibling resemblance in two physical activity phenotypes [total number of steps∙day and minutes for moderate steps per day (min∙day)]; and (2) investigate the joint associations of individual characteristics and shared natural environment with intra-pair sibling similarities in each phenotype. We sampled 247 biological siblings from 110 nuclear families, aged 6-17 years, from three Peruvian regions. Physical activity was measured using pedometers and body mass index was calculated. In general, non-significant variations in the intraclass correlation coefficients were found after adjustment for individual characteristics and geographical area for both phenotypes. Further, no significant differences were found between the three sib-ship types. Sister-sister pairs tended to take fewer steps than brother-brother ( = -2908.75 ± 954.31). Older siblings tended to walk fewer steps ( = -81.26 ± 19.83), whereas body mass index was not associated with physical activity. Siblings living at high-altitude and in the Amazon region had higher steps/day ( = 2508.92 ± 737.94; = 2213.11 ± 776.63, respectively) compared with their peers living at sea-level. In general, we found no influence of sib-types, body mass index, and/or environment on the two physical activity phenotypes.
Topics: Male; Humans; Siblings; Physical Fitness; Peru; Exercise; Body Mass Index
PubMed: 36901221
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054210 -
Cancer Medicine May 2018Little is known about the impact of cancer on family relationships from the perspective of the pediatric cancer patient and their sibling(s). This study assessed and...
Little is known about the impact of cancer on family relationships from the perspective of the pediatric cancer patient and their sibling(s). This study assessed and compared children's experiences of family relationships in patients receiving active cancer therapy, those who have completed therapy, and siblings. A cross-sectional study of children with cancer and their siblings aged 8-17 years old was conducted. Children completed the PROMIS Pediatric Family Relationships short form and the Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Peer Relationships short forms. The Mann-Whitney test assessed differences in Family Relationships scores between therapy groups, while the Wilcoxon signed-rank test assessed differences between patients and siblings. An actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was used to assess how patient and sibling variables were associated with their own and each others' family relationships. Two hundred and sixty-five children completed the assessments. Siblings of patients on-therapy had worse family relationships than patients on-therapy (P = 0.015). Family relationships of patients off-therapy did not differ from their siblings or the patients on-therapy. Family relationships scores did not differ between the sibling cohorts. The APIM found patient family relationships were impaired when their own peer relationships decreased and when either their own or their siblings had increased depressive symptoms. Sibling family relationships were impaired when their own depression increased, and when the patient counterpart was female, younger age, had less depressive symptoms, more anxiety or a diagnosis of leukemia/lymphoma (compared to solid tumor). Based on these findings, increased psychosocial resources for patients and siblings of children undergoing cancer therapy may be warranted.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Family Relations; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasms; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Sibling Relations; Siblings
PubMed: 29577633
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1393 -
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany) Dec 2022Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their families deal with challenging circumstances. While numerous studies have shown that both patients and parents in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their families deal with challenging circumstances. While numerous studies have shown that both patients and parents in these families can experience a variety of challenges and concerns, the experience of siblings is less well understood. The focus of this scoping review was on research addressing the experiences and well-being of siblings of children with CKD.
METHODS
Following scoping review methodology, five databases were searched for peer-reviewed research or graduate theses published in English that addressed the experience or well-being of siblings aged 25 years or younger (biological, step or foster) of children with CKD; studies from any year or location were included. Two independent coders identified relevant studies. Findings were summarized and synthesized.
RESULTS
Of the 2990 studies identified, 19 were chosen for full text review and eight fit the inclusion criteria. Five of the selected studies were qualitative, two were quantitative and one used mixed-methods. Four broad themes across studies were identified including family functioning, significant relationships, psychological well-being, and coping strategies. While there was some convergence between qualitative and quantitative findings, these linkages were weak.
CONCLUSIONS
Several unmet needs of siblings were uncovered by this review. Sibling perceptions of differential parental treatment and desire for information about CKD emerged as priorities for practice. Using a strength-based approach in order to better understand sibling experiences and well-being was also recommended for future research. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
Topics: Child; Humans; Siblings; Adaptation, Psychological; Parents; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
PubMed: 35507144
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05559-5 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2023Various methodologies have been utilized to analyze epitope-specific responses in the context of non-self-antigens, such as those associated with infectious diseases and...
Various methodologies have been utilized to analyze epitope-specific responses in the context of non-self-antigens, such as those associated with infectious diseases and allergies, and in the context of self-antigens, such as those associated with transplantation, autoimmunity, and cancer. Further to this, epitope-specific data, and its associated immunological context, are crucial to training and developing predictive algorithms and pipelines for the development of specific vaccines and diagnostics. In this chapter, we describe the methodology utilized to derive two sibling resources, the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and Cancer Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (CEDAR), to specifically host this data, and make them freely available to the scientific community.
Topics: Humans; Epitopes; Siblings; Databases, Factual; Antigens; Neoplasms; Databases, Protein
PubMed: 37258911
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3239-0_9 -
Journal of Applied Research in... May 2022Existing research has predominately focused on dyadic relationships in families of children with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to build on...
BACKGROUND
Existing research has predominately focused on dyadic relationships in families of children with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to build on emerging literature exploring triadic relationships between a mother, sibling, and child with intellectual disability, investigating how they influence each other's well-being.
METHOD
An online survey was used to collect information regarding the mother's mental health and the emotional and behavioural problems of the sibling and the child with intellectual disability in 573 families.
RESULTS
Using structural equation modelling, we found that maternal psychological distress was associated with higher levels of behaviour problems in the sibling, and the behaviour problems of the child with intellectual disability were associated with higher levels of maternal distress.
CONCLUSIONS
Family member well-being is inter-related in families of children with intellectual disabilities. Clinical interventions that improve the behaviours of children with intellectual disabilities should be considered.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Mothers; Problem Behavior; Siblings; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35187793
DOI: 10.1111/jar.12988 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2021Siblings have been hypothesized to positively impact the motor performance of children by acting as examples and by providing a safe environment, but they may also...
Siblings have been hypothesized to positively impact the motor performance of children by acting as examples and by providing a safe environment, but they may also negatively impact motor performance because they could compete for the parent's time and care. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between several sibling characteristics and motor performance in 3- to 5-year-old children. The sample consisted of 205 3- to 5-year-old children (mean age 50.9 ± 10.0 months, 52.2% boys). The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 was used to measure motor performance. The sibling variable was operationalized as the number of siblings present, the age difference between a child and its siblings, and the birth order position of a child. The confounding variables that were taken into account were the age, sex, and behavioral problems of the child and maternal education level. None of the investigated sibling variables were related to the total motor performance of a child after controlling for possible confounding variables. The absence of any associations between the sibling variables and motor performance might be explained by the characteristics of the study sample, the possibility that there is no linear relationship, or the presence of still unknown moderating or mediating factors.
Topics: Birth Order; Child, Preschool; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; Female; Humans; Male; Movement; Siblings
PubMed: 35010616
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010356 -
Psychological Science Sep 2022Does growing up with a sister rather than a brother affect personality? In this article, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the effects of siblings' gender on...
Does growing up with a sister rather than a brother affect personality? In this article, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the effects of siblings' gender on adults' personality, using data from 85,887 people from 12 large representative surveys covering nine countries (United States, United Kingdom, The Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Australia, Mexico, China, and Indonesia). We investigated the personality traits of risk tolerance, trust, patience, locus of control, and the Big Five. We found no meaningful causal effects of the gender of the next younger sibling and no associations with the gender of the next older sibling. Given the high statistical power and consistent results in the overall sample and relevant subsamples, our results suggest that siblings' gender does not systematically affect personality.
Topics: Adult; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Personality; Personality Disorders; Sibling Relations; Siblings; United States
PubMed: 35998357
DOI: 10.1177/09567976221094630