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Fertility and Sterility Jun 2021This document provides the latest recommendations for the evaluation of potential sperm, oocyte, and embryo donors as well as their recipients, incorporating recent... (Review)
Review
This document provides the latest recommendations for the evaluation of potential sperm, oocyte, and embryo donors as well as their recipients, incorporating recent information about optimal screening and testing for sexually transmitted infections, genetic diseases, and psychological assessments. This revised document incorporates recent information from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Food and Drug Administration, and American Association of Tissue Banks, which all programs offering gamete and embryo donation services must be thoroughly familiar with, and replaces the document titled "Recommendations for gamete and embryo donation: a committee opinion," last published in 2013.
Topics: Consensus; Counseling; Donor Selection; Embryo Disposition; Female; Genetic Testing; Health Status; Humans; Male; Mental Health; Oocyte Donation; Preconception Care; Pregnancy; Reproductive Medicine; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Semen; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 33838871
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.01.045 -
Andrology Jul 2017Beside cytotoxic drugs, other drugs can impact men's fertility through various mechanisms. Via the modification of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormones or by... (Review)
Review
Beside cytotoxic drugs, other drugs can impact men's fertility through various mechanisms. Via the modification of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormones or by non-hormonal mechanisms, drugs may directly and indirectly induce sexual dysfunction and spermatogenesis impairment and alteration of epididymal maturation. This systematic literature review summarizes existing data about the negative impact and associations of pharmacological treatments on male fertility (excluding cytotoxic drugs), with a view to making these data more readily available for medical staff. In most cases, these effects on spermatogenesis/sperm maturation/sexual function are reversible after the discontinuation of the drug. When a reprotoxic treatment cannot be stopped and/or when the impact on semen parameters/sperm DNA is potentially irreversible (Sulfasalazine Azathioprine, Mycophenolate mofetil and Methotrexate), the cryopreservation of spermatozoa before treatment must be proposed. Deleterious impacts on fertility of drugs with very good or good level of evidence (Testosterone, Sulfasalazine, Anabolic steroids, Cyproterone acetate, Opioids, Tramadol, GhRH analogues and Sartan) are developed.
Topics: Animals; Cryopreservation; DNA Damage; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Fertility; Fertility Preservation; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sexual Behavior; Sperm Banks; Spermatogenesis; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 28622464
DOI: 10.1111/andr.12366 -
Nature Communications Mar 2022Centrosomal proteins are necessary components of the centrosome, a conserved eukaryotic organelle essential to the reproductive process. However, few centrosomal...
Centrosomal proteins are necessary components of the centrosome, a conserved eukaryotic organelle essential to the reproductive process. However, few centrosomal proteins have been genetically linked to fertility. Herein we identify a homozygous missense variant of CEP128 (c.665 G > A [p.R222Q]) in two infertile males. Remarkably, male homozygous knock-in mice harboring the orthologous CEP128 variant show anomalies in sperm morphology, count, and motility. Moreover, Cep128 knock-out mice manifest male infertility associated with disrupted sperm quality. We observe defective sperm flagella in both homozygous Cep128 KO and KI mice; the cilia development in other organs is normal-suggesting that CEP128 variants predominantly affected the ciliogenesis in the testes. Mechanistically, CEP128 is involved in male reproduction via regulating the expression of genes and/or the phosphorylation of TGF-β/BMP-signalling members during spermatogenesis. Altogether, our findings unveil a crucial role for CEP128 in male fertility and provide important insights into the functions of centrosomal proteins in reproductive biology.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Sperm Motility; Spermatogenesis; Spermatozoa; Testis
PubMed: 35296684
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29109-7 -
Laboratory Animal Research 2020The cryopreservation of sperm and embryos is useful to efficiently archive valuable resources of genetically engineered mice. Till date, more than 60,000 strains of... (Review)
Review
The cryopreservation of sperm and embryos is useful to efficiently archive valuable resources of genetically engineered mice. Till date, more than 60,000 strains of genetically engineered mice have been archived in mouse banks worldwide. Researchers can request for the archived mouse strains for their research projects. The research infrastructure of mouse banks improves the availability of mouse resources, the productivity of research projects, and the reproducibility of animal experiments. Our research team manages the mouse bank at the Center for Animal Resources and Development in Kumamoto University and continuously develops new techniques in mouse reproductive technology to efficiently improve the system of mouse banking. In this review, we introduce the activities of mouse banks and the latest techniques used in mouse reproductive technology.
PubMed: 32963977
DOI: 10.1186/s42826-020-00066-w -
Cureus Nov 2022Sperm cryopreservation has been used as a sperm preservation solution for infertility issues faced by men undergoing cancer treatment for over 40 years. Recent... (Review)
Review
Sperm cryopreservation has been used as a sperm preservation solution for infertility issues faced by men undergoing cancer treatment for over 40 years. Recent developments in sperm cryopreservation and its wide variety of therapeutic uses are discussed in this article, which offers a succinct and up-to-date overview of the relevant literature. Recently, sperm cryopreservation has been employed for a wider variety of therapeutic purposes. As a result, sperm freezing is becoming available to a wider variety of patients, which requires more specialized personnel and increases overhead expenses. While sperm cryopreservation before cancer treatment is accessible in many countries, oncology doctors' referral rates and patient participation with cryopreservation services have been observed to be poor. In addition, there are still moral concerns with sperm banking, including whether or not donors' identities should be protected and whether or not a deceased person's sperm should be used after his or her death. This article discusses the recent developments in sperm cryopreservation technology and the moral questions that have arisen around this practice, with an eye toward how a deeper knowledge of these concerns can help more people get access to treatments that might help preserve their fertility. A sperm bank will notify clients about the screenings it does and the background information it gathers on individual donors to guarantee the safety and quality of the sperm they get. The viability and quantity of viable sperm in a thawed sample are often guaranteed by a sperm bank. They will look for very fertile males who can donate sperm that can withstand the freezing and thawing procedure. In many cases, sperm banks advertise their samples as having a certain number of viable sperm per milliliter, and they may provide many sample types for various applications (intracytoplasmic sperm injection and intrauterine insemination).
PubMed: 36523734
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31402 -
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology... May 2020Patients with severe oligospermia and nonobstructive azoospermia have very limited numbers of viable sperm in their epididymal and testicular samples. Thus,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Patients with severe oligospermia and nonobstructive azoospermia have very limited numbers of viable sperm in their epididymal and testicular samples. Thus, cryopreservation of their sperm is performed to avoid repeated sperm retrievals and to preserve their sperm from any side effects of any treatment regimens.
MAIN BODY
The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection technology has extended the therapeutic capacity of assisted reproductive technology for men with azoospermia via the surgical or percutaneous isolation of sperm from the testis/epididymis. The conventional cryopreservation techniques are inadequate for preserving individually selected sperm. The technique for freezing single sperm was first developed in 1997 and has been explored from the perspective of frozen carriers, freezing programs, and cryoprotectant formulations. Among these methods, advances in frozen carriers have directly improved single-sperm freezing technology. In this review, we evaluate the different technologies for the cryopreservation of single sperm by discussing the advantages and disadvantages of different freezing methods, their clinical applications, and the outcomes for a range of frozen carriers.
CONCLUSION
Our review article describes the latest and current technologies implemented for the cryopreservation of single sperm that could potentially benefit patients with severe oligospermia and who rarely have any sperm in their ejaculate. This review provides a platform to understand the process and pitfalls of single-sperm cryopreservation to ensure further improvements in the cryopreservation technology in future studies.
Topics: Cryopreservation; Cryoprotective Agents; Humans; Male; Semen Preservation; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Sperm Retrieval; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 32398019
DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00607-x -
Reproductive Medicine and Biology Oct 2021Facilities worldwide offering donor sperm insemination face sperm donor shortages. There are also known dangers of online information about sperm donation and using...
Facilities worldwide offering donor sperm insemination face sperm donor shortages. There are also known dangers of online information about sperm donation and using donated sperm to conceive without the involvement of medical professionals. Therefore, the authors investigated 140 Web sites retrieved by common Japanese search engines using sperm donation-related keywords. The authors assessed them according to criteria, but most were deemed unsafe (96.4%). Ultimately, 2 personal and 3 company Web sites provided adequate information. However, the personal Web sites lacked representative individual information and the company Web sites had issues including high costs, overseas location of facilities performing insemination, and possible non-Japanese origin of donated sperm.
PubMed: 34646084
DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12395 -
Endocrine Dec 2022Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy among young adult males. The etiology is multifactorial, and both environmental and genetic factors play an... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Testicular cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy among young adult males. The etiology is multifactorial, and both environmental and genetic factors play an essential role in the origin and development of this tumor. In particular, exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs), resulting from industrialization and urbanization, seems crucial both in pre-and postnatal life. However, the lack of long-term studies on a wide caseload and the difficulty in evaluating their toxic effects in vivo make it challenging to establish a causal link. This review aims to discuss the main human epidemiological studies currently available in the literature to define a possible association between these chemicals and TC.
METHODS
A comprehensive Medline/PubMed and Embase search was performed, selecting all relevant, peer-reviewed papers in English published from 2002 to January 2022. Other relevant papers were selected from the reference lists.
RESULTS
To date, literature evidence is limited due to the scarcity and heterogeneity of human studies and shows controversial data, highlighting the complexity of the topic. However, most human epidemiological studies seem to point toward a correlation between EEDs exposure and TC.
CONCLUSION
Although the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, the role of EEDs in TC onset is plausible, but several factors, such as the individual genetic background, the exposure time, and the complex mechanism of action of these chemicals, do not allow defining the causal link with certainty and make further studies necessary to investigate this complex topic.
Topics: Male; Young Adult; Humans; Testicular Neoplasms; Endocrine Disruptors; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Environmental Exposure
PubMed: 36036879
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03171-z -
Pediatric Blood & Cancer Oct 2020Adolescent and young adult (AYA) males newly diagnosed with cancer are often faced with making quick decisions about whether to cryopreserve ("bank") sperm prior to... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) males newly diagnosed with cancer are often faced with making quick decisions about whether to cryopreserve ("bank") sperm prior to treatment initiation. Given that parental influence is crucial among young patients, the present study examines the prevalence of and factors associated with parent recommendation to bank sperm.
PROCEDURE
Parents of 13- to 21-year-old males newly diagnosed with cancer and at risk for infertility secondary to impending gonadotoxic treatment completed questionnaires typically within one week of treatment initiation. Medical and sociodemographic data, communication factors, and psychological factors were considered in a logistic regression model of parent report of parental recommendation to bank sperm (yes/no).
RESULTS
Surveys from 138 parents (70.3% female) of 117 AYA males (mean age = 16.1 years, SD = 2.0) were analyzed. Over half of parents recommended banking to their sons (N = 82; 59.4%). Parents who received a provider recommendation to bank sperm (odds ratio [OR] = 18.44, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.20-81.01, P < 0.001) or who believed in the benefits of banking (OR = 1.22, 95% CI, 1.02-1.47, P = 0.03) were significantly more likely to recommend sperm banking.
CONCLUSIONS
Given parents' role in influencing sperm banking outcomes, provider recommendation and promotion of banking benefits may influence parents and empower initiation of these sensitive discussions with their sons. Utilization of this approach should yield beneficial outcomes regardless of the banking decision.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Communication; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fertility Preservation; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Semen Preservation; Sperm Banks; Spermatozoa; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 32453503
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28217 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Primary Bladder Neck Obstruction (PBNO) management provides medical and surgical treatment, such as transurethral incisions that can lead to retrograde ejaculation. The...
Primary Bladder Neck Obstruction (PBNO) management provides medical and surgical treatment, such as transurethral incisions that can lead to retrograde ejaculation. The aim of this study was to investigate the maintenance of anterograde ejaculation and semen quality before and after this surgical procedure. A retrospective evaluation was carried out between 2011 and 2020. A total of 73 patients diagnosed with PBNO were recruited. Ejaculatory function, semen quality, and the fertility of recruited subjects were evaluated. Semen parameters-Baseline, 8.2% of patients were oligozoospermic and 12.3% had a semen volume below the WHO 2010 fifth percentile. Post-surgery, 20% of patients were oligozoospermic. We detected a significant decrease in total sperm number, a significant increase in the number of abnormal forms, and a reduction in the leukocyte concentration. Ejaculatory function-A total of 7.7% of patients reported anejaculation after transurethral incision of the bladder neck. Fertility-9.2% of the patients already had children before surgery; 13.8% had naturally conceived children in the years following surgery; 76.9% had no desire for paternity at the time. Our data have important implications for sperm bank management. The alterations in semen parameters and the risk of anejaculation suggest that the use of sperm cryopreservation before surgery for PBNO should be encouraged.
PubMed: 36983997
DOI: 10.3390/life13030842