-
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2021Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) has been detected in environmental water samples, where its side effects are still unknown. To the best of our knowledge, its oxidation by Fenton...
Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) has been detected in environmental water samples, where its side effects are still unknown. To the best of our knowledge, its oxidation by Fenton and photo-Fenton processes has not been previously reported. In this study, SQX oxidation, mineralization, and toxicity ( and bacteria) were evaluated at two different setups: laboratory bench (2 L) and pilot plant (15 L). The experimental design was used to assess the influence of the presence or absence of radiation source, as well as different HO concentrations (94.1 to 261.9 mg L). The experimental conditions of both setups were: SQX = 25 mg L, Fe(II) = 10 mg L, pH 2.8 ± 0.1. Fenton and photo-Fenton were suitable for SQX oxidation and experiments resulted in higher SQX mineralization than reported in the literature. For both setups, the best process was the photo-Fenton (178.0 mg L HO), for which over 90% of SQX was removed, over 50% mineralization, and bacterial growth inhibition less than 13%. In both set-ups, the presence or absence of radiation was equally important for sulfaquinoxaline oxidation; however, the degradation rates at the pilot plant were between two to four times higher than the obtained at the laboratory bench.
Topics: Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oxidation-Reduction; Sulfaquinoxaline; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 33498745
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031005 -
PloS One 2016The depletion times of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin as well as sulfaquinoxaline and oxytetracycline were evaluated in broiler chickens that had been...
The depletion times of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin as well as sulfaquinoxaline and oxytetracycline were evaluated in broiler chickens that had been subjected to pharmacological treatment. The presence and residue levels of these drugs in muscle tissue were evaluated using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method that was validated in this work. The results showed the presence of all antimicrobial residues; however, the presence of residues at concentrations higher than the drugs' maximum residue limit (MRL) of 100 μg kg-1 was found only during the treatment period for oxytetracycline and until two days after discontinuation of the medication for enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and sulfaquinoxaline. It was concluded that the residues of all antimicrobials were rapidly metabolized from the broiler muscles; after four days of withdrawal, the levels were lower than the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method for the studied analytes.
Topics: Animal Diseases; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Chickens; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Residues; Enrofloxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Inactivation, Metabolic; Muscles; Oxytetracycline; Sulfaquinoxaline
PubMed: 27846314
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166402 -
An AuNPs-Based Fluorescent Sensor with Truncated Aptamer for Detection of Sulfaquinoxaline in Water.Biosensors Jul 2022Herein, we developed a novel truncation technique for aptamer sequences to fabricate highly sensitive aptasensors based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics...
Herein, we developed a novel truncation technique for aptamer sequences to fabricate highly sensitive aptasensors based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The binding mechanism and energy composition of the aptamer/sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) complexes were investigated. We successfully obtained a new SQX-specific aptamer (SBA28-1: CCCTAGGGG) with high affinity (K = 27.36 nM) and high specificity determined using graphene oxide. This aptamer has a unique stem-loop structure that can bind to SQX. Then, we fabricated a fluorescence aptasensor based on SBA28-1, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and rhodamine B (RhoB) that presented a good linear range of 1.25-160 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 1.04 ng/mL. When used to analyze water samples, the aptasensor presented acceptable recovery rates of 93.1-100.1% and coefficients of variation (CVs) of 2.2-10.2%. In conclusion, the fluorescence aptasensor can accurately and sensitively detect SQX in water samples and has good application prospects.
Topics: Aptamers, Nucleotide; Biosensing Techniques; Gold; Limit of Detection; Metal Nanoparticles; Molecular Docking Simulation; Sulfaquinoxaline; Water
PubMed: 35884316
DOI: 10.3390/bios12070513 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Feb 2022There has been extensive research on antibiotics exposure in adults by biomonitoring, but the biological mechanisms and potential risks to human health remain limited....
The exposure levels and health risk assessment of antibiotics in urine and its association with platelet mitochondrial DNA methylation in adults from Tianjin, China: A preliminary study.
There has been extensive research on antibiotics exposure in adults by biomonitoring, but the biological mechanisms and potential risks to human health remain limited. In this study, 102 adults aged 26-44 years in Tianjin were studied and 23 common antibiotics in urine were analyzed by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). All antibiotics were detected in urine, with an overall detection frequency of 40.4% (the detection frequencies of phenothiazines, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and chloramphenicol were 77%, 54%, 24%, 28%, and 49%, respectively.). Ofloxacin and enrofloxacin had the highest detection frequencies (85% and 81%), with median concentrations of 0.26 (IQR: 0.05-1.36) and 0.09 (IQR: 0.03-0.14) ng/mL, respectively. Based on health risk assessment, the predicted estimated daily exposures (EDEs) ranged from 0 μg/kg/day to 13.98 μg/kg/day. The hazard quotient (HQ) values of all the antibiotics except ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were bellow one, which are considered safe. For all blood samples, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation levels in the MT-ATP6 (ranging between 3.86% and 34.18%) were slightly higher than MT-ATP8 and MT-ND5 (ranging between 0.57% and 9.32%, 1.08% and 19.62%, respectively). Furthermore, mtDNA methylation from MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8 and MT-ND5 were measured by bisulfite-PCR pyrosequencing. The association (P < 0.05) was found between mtDNA methylation level (MT-ATP8 and MT-ND5) and individual antibiotics including chlorpromazine, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfachloropyridazine, chloramphenicol, and thiamphenicol, indicating that persistent exposure to low-dose multiple antibiotics may affect the mtDNA methylation level and in turn pose health risks.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; China; DNA Methylation; DNA, Mitochondrial; Humans; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 35065505
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113204 -
Journal of Food Protection Oct 2020Antibiotic residues in consumer foods pose a threat to human health and contribute to increasing antimicrobial resistance. The study was conducted from January to July...
ABSTRACT
Antibiotic residues in consumer foods pose a threat to human health and contribute to increasing antimicrobial resistance. The study was conducted from January to July 2019 in six provinces in Vietnam. In total, 360 pork samples and 360 chicken samples were collected for analysis. The samples were first screened with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kit for residues in the beta-lactam, tetracycline, and sulfonamide groups. All positive and suspected positive samples were confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine the concentration of ampicillin, amoxicillin, sulfamethazine, sulfaquinoxaline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline residues. The final confirmed result showed that 13 (3.6%), 99 (27.5%), and 16 (4.4%) chicken samples and 13 (3.6%), 29 (8.1%), and 29 (8.1%) pork samples were positive or suspected positive with beta-lactam, tetracycline, and sulfonamide residues, respectively. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method detected amoxicillin (8.1 to 151.6 ng/g), ampicillin (1.9 to 7.5 ng/g), doxycycline (1.1 to 491.1 ng/g), oxytetracycline (1.1 to 12.9 ng/g), sulfaquinoxaline (1.1 to 7.3 ng/g), and sulfamethazine (1.0 to 1,556.5 ng/g) in positive or suspected positive pork and chicken samples. Tetracycline (18%) was the most frequently found residue, followed by sulfonamide (6%). The proportion of chicken samples with a residue level higher than the maximum residue limit (3%) and the level of tetracycline residue were significantly higher than pork (1%). A significantly higher proportion of samples with residue levels higher than MRL (4%) and the highest levels of tetracycline residue were observed in north Vietnam. This data can help motivate decision-making toward lowering the use of antimicrobials in livestock and antibiotic residue in livestock products.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Chickens; Drug Residues; Food Contamination; Humans; Pork Meat; Red Meat; Swine; Vietnam
PubMed: 32971539
DOI: 10.4315/JFP-20-111 -
Annals of Parasitology 2021Farmers' knowledge and farm management practices can potentially help to mitigate the prevalence and severity of chicken coccidiosis, a devastating protozoan disease....
Farmers' knowledge and farm management practices can potentially help to mitigate the prevalence and severity of chicken coccidiosis, a devastating protozoan disease. Here, we assessed the farmers' perception and on-farm practices of coccidiosis management in small-scale broiler farms at Gazipur district, Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the randomly selected 119 small-scale broiler producers followed by detection of coccidiosis cases through gross and microscopic examination of 58 broilers. Overall bird-level prevalence of coccidiosis was 34.48% in this study. Survey data revealed that most of the farmers maintained all-in-all-out strategy (68.91%), good quality chicks (73.11%) and floor system rearing (96.63%) in their farms, and a mixture of old and new litter was used as bedding in all the study farms. Interval between flocks in 57.99% of farms was 8 to 14 days. Prevalence of coccidiosis was recorded in all surveyed farms, even though routine anticoccidial treatment. At the age of 15 to 18 days of broiler, 68.07% of farmers used chemoprophylaxis. Usage of amprolium was the highest (74.78%) followed by toltrazuril (55.46%), sulphaquinoxaline (23.52%), sulphaclozine (28.57%), sulphadimidine (24.36%) and sulphadimethoxine (24.36%). Traditional herbal medicines like extracts of bollygum (Litsea glutinosa), sal (Shorea robusta) and arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) bark and leaves were also in-use by 4.20% farmers during coccidiosis outbreak. In conclusions, this study explored the field scenario of coccidiosis, relevant farmers' knowledge and practices, and recommends the judicious use of drugs for safe broiler production.
Topics: Animals; Bangladesh; Chickens; Coccidiosis; Farmers; Farms; Humans; Perception
PubMed: 34021983
DOI: 10.17420/ap6701.315 -
PloS One 2016An ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of chlorpropamide, glibenclamide,...
An ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glimepiride, metformin, nateglinide, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, and vildagliptin in human plasma was developed and validated, using isoniazid and sulfaquinoxaline as internal standards. Following plasma protein precipitation using acetonitrile with 1% formic acid, chromatographic separation was performed on a cyano column using gradient elution with water and acetonitrile, both containing 0.1% formic acid. Detection was performed in a quadrupole time-of-flight analyzer, using electrospray ionization operated in the positive mode. Data from validation studies demonstrated that the new method is highly sensitive, selective, precise (RSD < 10%), accurate (RE < 12%), linear (r > 0.99), free of matrix and has no residual effects. The developed method was successfully applied to volunteers' plasma samples. Hence, this method was demonstrated to be appropriate for clinical monitoring of antidiabetic agents.
Topics: Calibration; Chromatography, Liquid; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Limit of Detection; Mass Spectrometry; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 27930700
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167107 -
Poultry Science Jul 2017In this study, coccidia were isolated and identified from 5 main poultry farms located in Zhejiang province, eastern China. The overall prevalence of Eimeria spp. was...
In this study, coccidia were isolated and identified from 5 main poultry farms located in Zhejiang province, eastern China. The overall prevalence of Eimeria spp. was 30.7% (95 of 310). Five common species were observed: E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. necatrix, and E. mitis. Two isolates (HZ and QZ) were tested for sensitivity to 8 anticoccidial drugs using 4 indexes including anticoccidial index (ACI), percent of optimum anticoccidial activity (POAA), reduction of lesion scores (RLS), and relative oocyst production (ROP): sulfachloropyrazine, toltrazuril, diclazuril, sulfamonomethoxine/trimethoprim, and amprolium; sulfaquinoxaline/sulfadimethoxine, nicarbazin, and halofuginone. The results showed that the 2 isolates have developed various degrees of resistance to most of the tested drugs. The multi-resistance coccidia are a potential threat to local poultry farming. Rotation of anticoccidial drugs and shuttle programs are recommended to prevent further economic losses caused by coccidiosis.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; China; Coccidiosis; Coccidiostats; Drug Resistance; Eimeria; Poultry Diseases; Prevalence; Random Allocation
PubMed: 28339722
DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew499 -
International Journal of Veterinary... Dec 2018Coccidiosis is one of the most economically important diseases of poultry. This study determined the preponderance of chicken in southern Nigeria and assessed the...
Coccidiosis is one of the most economically important diseases of poultry. This study determined the preponderance of chicken in southern Nigeria and assessed the parasite's resistance to three anticoccidial drugs: Amprolium hydrochloride; Amprolium hydrochloride + Sulfaquinoxaline-Sodium; and Toltrazuril. Multiplex PCR amplification of the SCAR region was used to confirm preponderance. Resistance was assessed following the inoculation of 2.32 × 10 infective oocysts into broilers. Data on weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and fecal oocyst shed were recorded. At 7 days post inoculation 9 birds per treatment were sacrificed and assessed for macroscopic lesions in four intestinal regions. Percent optimum anticoccidial activity (POAA), Anticoccidial index (ACI) and Anticoccidial sensitivity test (AST) were used to access resistance. The preponderance of spp. were (77%), (55%), (44%) and (11%), with multi-species infection occurring in 55% of samples assessed. Fecal oocyst shedding was low ( < 0.05) in the medicated groups. Lesions in the cecal region were present in all infected groups regardless of treatment and accounted for 27.8% of lesion scores by severity and 37.5% of lesion scores by frequency. Overall, lesion scores were less ( < 0.05) in birds of the medicated groups compared with the infected-unmedicated group. The high preponderance of in the field, and the occurrence of cecal lesions - caused mainly by - despite drug administration, indicate resistance in populations of this species in our isolate. Based-on the POAA, ACI and AST values, the isolate showed reduced sensitivity to toltrazuril.
PubMed: 30564595
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.06.003 -
Journal of Parasitic Diseases :... Sep 2016Hepatic coccidiosis is a contagious and lethal disease condition in rabbits. The disease was recorded in six rabbits suffering with watery diarrhoea. Clinically,...
Hepatic coccidiosis is a contagious and lethal disease condition in rabbits. The disease was recorded in six rabbits suffering with watery diarrhoea. Clinically, affected rabbits showed decreased growth rate, anorexia, debilitation, diarrhea and rough hair coat. Examination of the faecal samples revealed the presence of unsporulated oocysts of Eimeria spp. After sporulation Eimeria stiedae oocysts were identified. Postmortem examination revealed hepatomegaly with presence of discrete yellowish-white nodules on the surface of the liver. Impression smears from the liver revealed the presence of numerous developmental stages of E. stiedae corresponding with the stage of the liver lesion and also represent the histological changes of the liver. Rabbits were treated with a combination of sulphaquinoxaline and diaveridine for five days.
PubMed: 27605807
DOI: 10.1007/s12639-014-0602-8