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International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2021The aim of this study was to describe and update current knowledge of manual therapy accuracy in treating cervical and lumbar radiculopathy, to identify the limitations...
The aim of this study was to describe and update current knowledge of manual therapy accuracy in treating cervical and lumbar radiculopathy, to identify the limitations in current studies, and to suggest areas for future research. The study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science databases up to April 2020. The following inclusion criteria were used: (1) presence of radiculopathy; (2) treatment defined as manual therapy (i.e., traction, manipulation, mobilization); and (3) publication defined as a Randomized Controlled Trial. The electronic literature search resulted in 473 potentially relevant articles. Finally, 27 articles were accepted: 21 on cervical (CR) and 6 in lumbar radiculopathy (LR). The mean PEDro score for CR was 6.6 (SD 1.3), and for LR 6.7 (SD 1.6). Traction-oriented techniques are the most frequently chosen treatment form for CR and are efficient in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes. In LR, each of the included publications used a different form of manual therapy, which makes it challenging to summarize knowledge in this group. Of included publications, 93% were either of moderate or low quality, which indicates that quality improvement is necessary for this type of research.
Topics: Humans; Musculoskeletal Manipulations; Neck; Neck Pain; Radiculopathy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Traction
PubMed: 34200510
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116176 -
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology Mar 2021Imaging plays a critical role in the assessment of patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). With better understanding of the underlying pathomechanics and...
Imaging plays a critical role in the assessment of patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). With better understanding of the underlying pathomechanics and advances in joint-preserving surgery, there is an increasing need to define the most appropriate imaging workup. The purpose of this article is to provide guidance on best practices for imaging of patients with FAI in light of recent advances in corrective FAI surgery. Pelvic radiography with dedicated hip projections is the basis of the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected FAI to assess arthritic changes and acetabular coverage and to screen for cam deformities. Chondrolabral lesions should be evaluated with unenhanced MRI or MR arthrography. The protocol should include a large-FOV fluid-sensitive sequence to exclude conditions that can mimic or coexist with FAI, radial imaging to accurately determine the presence of a cam deformity, and imaging of the distal femoral condyles for measurement of femoral torsion. CT remains a valuable tool for planning of complex surgical corrections. Advanced imaging, such as 3D simulation, biochemical MRI, and MR arthrography with application of leg traction, has great potential to improve surgical decision-making. Further research is needed to assess the added clinical value of these techniques.
Topics: Acetabulum; Adult; Arthrography; Diagnosis, Differential; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Femoracetabular Impingement; Femur Head; Femur Neck; Hip Dislocation, Congenital; Hip Joint; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Organ Sparing Treatments; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Torsion Abnormality; Traction; Young Adult
PubMed: 33474984
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.20.22783 -
Computational and Mathematical Methods... 2022This study is aimed at exploring the clinical effect of mechanical traction on lumbar disc herniation (LDH). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
This study is aimed at exploring the clinical effect of mechanical traction on lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
METHODS
Related literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and CNKI databases. Inclusion of literature topic was comparison of mechanical traction and conventional physical therapy for lumbar disc herniation. Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCT studies. The Chi-square test was used for the heterogeneity test, and a random effect model was used with heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to explore the causes of heterogeneity. If there was no heterogeneity, the fixed effect model was used, and funnel plots were used to test publication bias.
RESULTS
Visual analog scale (VAS) in the mechanical traction group was lower than that in the conventional physical therapy group (MD = -1.39 (95% CI (-1.81, -0.98)), = 6.56, and < 0.00001). There was no heterogeneity among studies (Chi = 6.62, = 0.25, and = 24%) and no publication bias. Oswestry disability index (ODI) in the mechanical traction group was lower than that in the conventional physical therapy group (MD = -6.34 (95% CI (-10.28, -2.39)), = 3.15, and = 0.002). There was no heterogeneity between studies (Chi = 6.27, = 0.18, and = 36%) and no publication bias. There was no significant difference in Schober test scores between the mechanical traction group and the conventional physical therapy group (MD = -0.40 (95% CI (-1.07, 0.28)), = 1.16, and = 0.25). There was no heterogeneity among studies (Chi = 1.61, = 0.66, and = 0%) and no publication bias.
CONCLUSION
Mechanical traction can effectively relieve lumbar and leg pain and improve ODI in patients with lumbar disc herniation but has no significant effect on spinal motion. The therapeutic effect of mechanical traction was significantly better than that of conventional physical therapy. Lumbar traction can be used in conjunction with other traditional physical therapy.
Topics: Humans; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Lumbar Vertebrae; Physical Therapy Modalities; Traction; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35774300
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5670303 -
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research Nov 2022Besides cystoid macular edema due to a blood-retinal barrier breakdown, another type of macular cystoid spaces referred to as non-vasogenic cystoid maculopathies (NVCM)... (Review)
Review
Besides cystoid macular edema due to a blood-retinal barrier breakdown, another type of macular cystoid spaces referred to as non-vasogenic cystoid maculopathies (NVCM) may be detected on optical coherence tomography but not on fluorescein angiography. Various causes may disrupt retinal cell cohesion or impair retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller cell functions in the maintenance of retinal dehydration, resulting in cystoid spaces formation. Tractional causes include vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membranes and myopic foveoschisis. Surgical treatment does not always allow cystoid space resorption. In inherited retinal dystrophies, cystoid spaces may be part of the disease as in X-linked retinoschisis or enhanced S-cone syndrome, or occur occasionally as in bestrophinopathies, retinitis pigmentosa and allied diseases, congenital microphthalmia, choroideremia, gyrate atrophy and Bietti crystalline dystrophy. In macular telangiectasia type 2, cystoid spaces and cavitations do not depend on the fluid leakage from telangiectasia. Various causes affecting RPE function may result in NVCM such as chronic central serous chorioretinopathy and paraneoplastic syndromes. Non-exudative age macular degeneration may also be complicated by intraretinal cystoid spaces in the absence of fluorescein leakage. In these diseases, cystoid spaces occur in a context of retinal cell loss. Various causes of optic atrophy, including open-angle glaucoma, result in microcystoid spaces in the inner nuclear layer due to a retrograde transsynaptic degeneration. Lastly, drug toxicity may also induce cystoid maculopathy. Identifying NVCM on multimodal imaging, including fluorescein angiography if needed, allows guiding the diagnosis of the causative disease and choosing adequate treatment when available.
Topics: Humans; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Macular Edema; Fluorescein Angiography; Macular Degeneration; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Retinal Telangiectasis
PubMed: 35927124
DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101092 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry May 2022Traction force microscopy (TFM) has emerged as a versatile technique for the measurement of single-cell-generated forces. TFM has gained wide use among mechanobiology... (Review)
Review
Traction force microscopy (TFM) has emerged as a versatile technique for the measurement of single-cell-generated forces. TFM has gained wide use among mechanobiology laboratories, and several variants of the original methodology have been proposed. However, issues related to the experimental setup and, most importantly, data analysis of cell traction datasets may restrain the adoption of TFM by a wider community. In this review, we summarize the state of the art in TFM-related research, with a focus on the analytical methods underlying data analysis. We aim to provide the reader with a friendly compendium underlying the potential of TFM and emphasizing the methodological framework required for a thorough understanding of experimental data. We also compile a list of data analytics tools freely available to the scientific community for the furtherance of knowledge on this powerful technique.
Topics: Biophysics; Cell Adhesion; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Traction
PubMed: 35351517
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101867 -
Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) 2020Vitreopapillary traction (VPT) syndrome is a potentially visually significant disorder of the vitreopapillary interface characterised by an incomplete posterior vitreous... (Review)
Review
Vitreopapillary traction (VPT) syndrome is a potentially visually significant disorder of the vitreopapillary interface characterised by an incomplete posterior vitreous detachment with the persistently adherent vitreous exerting tractional pull on the optic disc and resulting in morphologic alterations and a consequent decline of visual function. It is most commonly unilateral but bilateral reports have also been described. The cause of the condition may be unknown or idiopathic, although the histology of traction shows proliferation of fibrous astrocytes, myofibroblasts, fibrocytes, and retinal pigment epithelial cells. It is theorised that VPT may induce a congested optic disc with neuronal dysfunction as well as decreased prelaminar flow. The present study reviews and summarises the features, diagnosis, and management of VPT.
PubMed: 33012906
DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2020.1725063 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Lung; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 36034006
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.92.35264 -
Current Protocols Sep 2021Accurate measurement of cellular traction force is critical for understanding physical interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. Traction force microscopy...
Accurate measurement of cellular traction force is critical for understanding physical interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. Traction force microscopy (TFM) has become the most widely used tool for this purpose. While TFM has made continual progress in terms of resolution and accuracy, there have been challenges regarding obtaining user-friendly software and choosing the right values for parameters and sub-processes associated with the software. Here we provide step-by-step instructions for a MATLAB-based TFM software application equipped with multiple methods for image deformation quantification and force reconstruction, along with clarification on the computational meaning of the parameters within the software. We outline how to choose the optimal sub-methods and values for parameters for each process, depending on the characteristics of images and purpose of the analyses. The software's runtime is 20, 4, and 0.05 min by Fast BEM L1 (Boundary Element Method L1-regularization), Fast BEM L2 (L2-regularization), and FTTC (Fourier Transform Traction Cytometry), respectively, in addition to 7 min of particle-tracking velocimetry-based deformation tracking, for a single image (1280 × 960 pixel) on a standard workstation. Finally, the colocalization accuracies, in reference to a paxillin-GFP image, are compared between the three force reconstruction methods. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Setting up the TFM package in MATLAB Basic Protocol 2: Running the TFM package Alternate Protocol 1: Stage drift correction: Efficient subpixel registration Alternate Protocol 2: Force field calculation: FastBEM.
Topics: Algorithms; Computer Simulation; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Software; Traction
PubMed: 34491632
DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.233