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Journal of Endodontics May 2024Objective: Often there is the need of moving endodontically treated teeth. Orthodontic movement may have no effect on the prognosis of teeth with root canal treatment...
INTRODUCTION
Objective: Often there is the need of moving endodontically treated teeth. Orthodontic movement may have no effect on the prognosis of teeth with root canal treatment (RCT). To verify this subject, we evaluated the effect of orthodontic movement on the prognosis of RCT teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and further explored the influence of orthodontic movement on the prognosis of RCT teeth with and without apical periodontitis (AP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This retrospective study was conducted by evaluating 169 RCT teeth of 100 patients who had undergone fixed orthodontic treatment. AP was assessed and classified using the CBCT periapical index. Univariate analysis of RCT outcome was performed for the total RCT group, RCT without AP group and RCT with AP group. Multivariate logistic regression was performed for the total RCT group and RCT without AP group, respectively, but not for the RCT with AP group. Variables related to the prognosis of RCT were included, such as age, gender, tooth position, RCT quality, coronal restoration quality, periodontal condition, orthodontic traction distance, and orthodontic rotation angle.
RESULTS
The orthodontic traction distance and rotation angle were not significantly correlated to the RCT outcomes, regardless of the presence of AP. Among the total RCT group, teeth with unqualified RCT (OR = 3.42, P = 0.004) and inadequate coronal restoration (OR = 4.40, P = 0.031) had a lower success rate. Of the 97 RCT teeth without AP, unqualified RCT was a risk factor for treatment failure (OR = 3.55, P = 0.041). Of the 72 RCT teeth with AP, the univariate analysis showed that RCT quality were significantly related to the outcome (p = 0.042).
CONCLUSION
Orthodontic movement had no effect on the prognosis of RCT teeth regardless of the presence of AP.
PubMed: 38763483
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.002 -
BMC Gastroenterology May 2024Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) are potential precancerous lesion of gastric neoplasms. Endoscopic submucosal... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) are potential precancerous lesion of gastric neoplasms. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the first option for the treatment of precancerous lesion and early gastric cancer (EGC). Traction is an effective method to improve efficiency, and reduce complications during ESD. In this study, we shared a useful traction method using the clip-and-snare method with a pre-looping technique (CSM-PLT) for precancerous lesion and EGC.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed patients received ESD combined with CSM-PLT or conventional ESD from June 2018 to December 2021 in Shenzhen People's hospital. The primary outcome was resection speed.
RESULTS
Forty-two patients were enrolled in ESD combined with CSM-PLT group and sixty-five patients in conventional ESD group respectively. Baseline characteristics were comparable among two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of R0 resection rate, en bloc resection rate (97.6% vs. 98.5%, P = 1.000 and 97.6% vs. 96.9%, P = 1.000, respectively), operation costs (933.7 (644.1-1102.4) dollars vs. 814.7 (614.6-988.3) dollars, P = 0.107), and hospital stays (8.0 ± 3.1 days vs. 7.3 ± 3.2 days, P = 0.236). In addition, no significant difference was observed with respect to complications (P>0.05). However, the resection speed of ESD combined with CSM-PLT was faster than that of conventional ESD (11.3 (9.4-14.9) mm/min vs. 8.0 (5.8-10.9) mm/min, P < 0.001), particularly lesions located in anterior wall and lesser curvature. In addition, the association between ESD combined with CSM-PLT and resection speed was still supported after propensity matching scores (PMS).
CONCLUSIONS
CSM-PLT can help to improve ESD efficiency without reducing the en bloc resection rate or increasing the incidence of complications.
Topics: Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; Female; Stomach Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Precancerous Conditions; Aged; Treatment Outcome; Operative Time; Carcinoma in Situ
PubMed: 38760726
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03231-w -
Nature Communications May 2024Life continuously transduces energy to perform critical functions using energy stored in reactive molecules like ATP or NADH. ATP dynamically phosphorylates active sites...
Life continuously transduces energy to perform critical functions using energy stored in reactive molecules like ATP or NADH. ATP dynamically phosphorylates active sites on proteins and thereby regulates their function. Inspired by such machinery, regulating supramolecular functions using energy stored in reactive molecules has gained traction. Enzyme-free, synthetic systems that use dynamic phosphorylation to regulate supramolecular processes have not yet been reported, to our knowledge. Here, we show an enzyme-free reaction cycle that consumes the phosphorylating agent monoamidophosphate by transiently phosphorylating histidine and histidine-containing peptides. The phosphorylated species are labile and deactivate through hydrolysis. The cycle exhibits versatility and tunability, allowing for the dynamic phosphorylation of multiple precursors with a tunable half-life. Notably, we show the resulting phosphorylated products can regulate the peptide's phase separation, leading to active droplets that require the continuous conversion of fuel to sustain. The reaction cycle will be valuable as a model for biological phosphorylation but can also offer insights into protocell formation.
Topics: Phosphorylation; Peptides; Histidine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Hydrolysis
PubMed: 38760374
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48571-z -
Endoscopy Dec 2024
Topics: Humans; Rectal Neoplasms; Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Male
PubMed: 38759969
DOI: 10.1055/a-2316-3626 -
Endoscopy Dec 2024
Topics: Humans; Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Intubation, Intratracheal; Traction; Male; Female; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38759963
DOI: 10.1055/a-2307-6132 -
Medicine May 2024Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) was first reported in 1971 by Urayama et al as an acute uveitis accompanied by retinal arteritis and white retinal lesions in the peripheral...
RATIONALE
Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) was first reported in 1971 by Urayama et al as an acute uveitis accompanied by retinal arteritis and white retinal lesions in the peripheral retina that can progress to a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). We have experienced a case of ARN that, unlike the common developmental course to an RRD associated with ARN, progressed to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) involving the entire retina in 2 days. The purpose of this report is to present our findings in the case of ARN with an atypical rapid time course.
PATIENT CONCERNS
The patient was a 56-year-old woman who was treated for uveitis of unknown origin by her primary care physician. She was referred to our hospital because of a worsening of the fundus findings.
DIAGNOSIS
Fundus examination in our hospital revealed vitreous opacities in the right eye, yellowish-white lesions extending around the retina, and some retinal hemorrhages. Because the retinal changes suggested ARN, we performed a polymerase chain reaction of the anterior atrial fluid and detected varicella-zoster virus. Then, the diagnosis of ARN was confirmed, and treatment was begun. At 1 month and a half after beginning the treatment, focal retinal traction was observed in the right fundus. Two days later, a circumferential PVR and a total retinal detachment were detected.
INTERVENTIONS
We then performed vitrectomy with an encircling buckle and a silicone oil tamponade.
OUTCOMES
Our examination 6 months postoperatively showed that the retina was attached and the BCVA was 20/200.
LESSONS
Our findings of a case of ARN showed that the progression from a local vitreous traction to a full circumferential PVR can develop in 2 days.
Topics: Humans; Female; Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute; Middle Aged; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative; Disease Progression; Retinal Detachment; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 38758916
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038150 -
PloS One 2024In recent years, Federated Learning (FL) has gained traction as a privacy-centric approach in medical imaging. This study explores the challenges posed by data...
In recent years, Federated Learning (FL) has gained traction as a privacy-centric approach in medical imaging. This study explores the challenges posed by data heterogeneity on FL algorithms, using the COVIDx CXR-3 dataset as a case study. We contrast the performance of the Federated Averaging (FedAvg) algorithm on non-identically and independently distributed (non-IID) data against identically and independently distributed (IID) data. Our findings reveal a notable performance decline with increased data heterogeneity, emphasizing the need for innovative strategies to enhance FL in diverse environments. This research contributes to the practical implementation of FL, extending beyond theoretical concepts and addressing the nuances in medical imaging applications. This research uncovers the inherent challenges in FL due to data diversity. It sets the stage for future advancements in FL strategies to effectively manage data heterogeneity, especially in sensitive fields like healthcare.
Topics: Humans; Algorithms; Diagnostic Imaging; COVID-19; Machine Learning; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 38748657
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302539 -
Breathe (Sheffield, England) Mar 2024High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly given the approval of... (Review)
Review
High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly given the approval of antifibrotic agents for conditions like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Diagnosing fibrotic pulmonary disorders through HRCT involves a detailed and methodical examination. The identification of specific lung tissue changes, including ground-glass opacities and reticulation, along with signs of fibrosis like honeycombing, traction bronchiectasis and lung volume loss, establishes clear HRCT patterns indicative of various ILDs. The reliability of these patterns in predicting pathological conditions depends largely on the clinical context. For instance, when a usual interstitial pneumonia pattern is present, the predictive value of this diagnosis is so high that a lung biopsy is considered to be redundant. This review intends to delineate the HRCT signs of fibrosis, elucidate the specific radiological patterns of fibrotic lung diseases, and identify the clinical circumstances under which these patterns emerge. Additionally, we introduce and discuss novel imaging techniques that hold promise for the diagnosis, screening and early detection of ILDs.
PubMed: 38746908
DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0006-2024 -
Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor... 2024Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently discovered class of innate immune cells found to have prominent roles in various human immune-related pathologies such... (Review)
Review
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently discovered class of innate immune cells found to have prominent roles in various human immune-related pathologies such as infection and autoimmune diseases. However, their role in cancer was largely unclear until recently, where several emerging studies over the past few years unanimously demonstrate ILCs to be critical players in tumour immunity. Being the innate counterpart of T cells, ILCs are potent cytokine producers through which they orchestrate the overall immune response upstream of adaptive immunity thereby modulating T cell function. Out of the major ILC subsets, ILC1s have gained significant traction as potential immunotherapeutic candidates due to their central involvement with the anti-tumour type 1 immune response. ILC1s are potent producers of the well-established anti-tumour cytokine interferon γ (IFNγ), and exert direct cytotoxicity against cancer cells in response to the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15). However, in advanced diseases, ILC1s are found to demonstrate an exhausted phenotype in the tumour microenvironment (TME) with impaired effector functions, characterised by decreased responsiveness to cytokines and reduced IFNγ production. Tumour cells produce immunomodulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and IL-23, and through these suppress ILC1 anti-tumour actfivities and converts ILC1s to pro-tumoural ILC3s respectively, resulting in disease progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ILC1s in tumour immunity, and discusses the exciting prospects of harnessing ILC1s for cancer immunotherapy, either alone or in combination with cytokine-based treatment. The exciting prospects of targeting the upstream innate immune system through ILC1s may surmount the limitations associated with adaptive immune T cell-based strategies used in the clinic currently, and overcome cancer immunotherapeutic resistance.
PubMed: 38745765
DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00219 -
PNAS Nexus May 2024Hydrogen is gaining tremendous traction in China as the fuel of the future to support the country's carbon neutrality ambition. Despite that hydrogen as fuel largely...
Hydrogen is gaining tremendous traction in China as the fuel of the future to support the country's carbon neutrality ambition. Despite that hydrogen as fuel largely hinges on the supply of platinum (Pt), the dynamic interlinkage between Pt supply challenges, hydrogen development pathways, and climate targets in China has yet to be deeply analyzed. Here, we adopt an integrated assessment model to address this important concern and corresponding strategies for China. The results indicate that the booming hydrogen development would drive China's cumulative demand for Pt metal to reach 4,200-5,000 tons. Much of this demand, met through a limited supply pattern, is vulnerable to price volatility and heightened geopolitical risks, which can be mitigated through circular economy strategies. Consequently, a coordinated approach to leverage both global sustainable Pt sourcing and a robust domestic Pt circular economy is imperative for ensuring cost-effective hydrogen production, aligned with a climate-safe future.
PubMed: 38745565
DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae172