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Italian Journal of Dermatology and... Feb 2021Nevus depigmentosus (ND) is an uncommon congenital nonprogressive hypopigmented skin disorder that can be seen anywhere on the body. We considered other depigmenting...
BACKGROUND
Nevus depigmentosus (ND) is an uncommon congenital nonprogressive hypopigmented skin disorder that can be seen anywhere on the body. We considered other depigmenting disorders and focused on distinguishing ND from vitiligo and tuberous sclerosis complex in infancy.
METHODS
The diagnosis of patients with nevus depigmentosus was made differentiating it from nevus anemicus, pityriasis alba, tuberous sclerosis complex, vitiligo and other depigmenting disorders.
RESULTS
Of the 37 individuals with nevus depigmentosus evaluated, 36 were children, twenty-two (59.4%) were males and 15 (40.5%) were females, with male to female ratio 1.4:1.
CONCLUSIONS
Distinguishing ND from other disorders with depigmentation can be challenging, in particular in case of tuberous sclerosis complex and vitiligo in infancy.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Hypopigmentation; Male; Nevus; Pigmentation Disorders; Skin Neoplasms; Vitiligo
PubMed: 33228333
DOI: 10.23736/S2784-8671.20.06681-X -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Sep 2017Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disease caused by the destruction of melanocytes. Although quality of life (QOL) in vitiligo has been studied in different...
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE
Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disease caused by the destruction of melanocytes. Although quality of life (QOL) in vitiligo has been studied in different countries, it has not yet been investigated in Mexico. The aim of this study was to assess the QOL of Mexican patients with vitiligo.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
We conducted a cross-sectional study at the research unit of Centro Dermatológico Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua in Mexico City. We included adults with vitiligo and excluded those with other pigmentation disorders or a neurological or psychiatric disorder. Patients on psychoactive medications were also excluded. All the patients were administered the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), a vitiligo-specific quality of life instrument (the VitiQoL), and the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories.
RESULTS
We studied 150 patients with vitiligo (103 women [68.7%] and 47 men [31.3%]). The median (interquartile range) age was 38 (20) years. The mean (SD) scores on the DLQI and VitiQoL were 5.2 (5.4) and 32.1 (22.7) out of total possible scores of 30 and 90, respectively. The correlation between questionnaire scores was 0.675 (P<.001). Patients with genital involvement scored significantly worse on the VitiQoL than those without lesions in this area (43.95 [28.4]) vs. 28.98 [20.08], P<.001). The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 34% and 60%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Vitiligo has a minimal impact on the QOL of our patients. QOL was worse in patients with genital lesions.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Female; Humans; Male; Mexico; Quality of Life; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Symptom Assessment; Vitiligo; Young Adult
PubMed: 28456327
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.03.007 -
Clinical and Experimental Immunology Jan 2022Epidermal melanocyte loss in vitiligo, triggered by stresses ranging from trauma to emotional stress, chemical exposure or metabolite imbalance, to the unknown, can... (Review)
Review
Epidermal melanocyte loss in vitiligo, triggered by stresses ranging from trauma to emotional stress, chemical exposure or metabolite imbalance, to the unknown, can stimulate oxidative stress in pigment cells, which secrete damage-associated molecular patterns that then initiate innate immune responses. Antigen presentation to melanocytes leads to stimulation of autoreactive T-cell responses, with further targeting of pigment cells. Studies show a pathogenic basis for cellular stress, innate immune responses and adaptive immunity in vitiligo. Improved understanding of the aetiological mechanisms in vitiligo has already resulted in successful use of the Jak inhibitors in vitiligo. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the pathological mechanisms in vitiligo and locate loci to which therapeutic attack might be directed.
Topics: Adaptive Immunity; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Melanocytes; Oxidative Stress; Vitiligo
PubMed: 35020865
DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxab002 -
Journal of Investigative Medicine : the... Apr 2022Vitiligo is a pigmentary disorder resulting from progressive destruction of melanocytes in the skin. There is a growing body of evidence about higher risk of metabolic...
Vitiligo is a pigmentary disorder resulting from progressive destruction of melanocytes in the skin. There is a growing body of evidence about higher risk of metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in some dermatoses including vitiligo. We aimed to evaluate lipid profile, leptin and C reactive protein (CRP) status among Iranian patients with vitiligo, compared with healthy controls and perused the relationship between abnormal values of these parameters with disease duration and physical characteristics of patients. 40 patients with vitiligo and 40 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Data on weight, height, lipid profile, leptin and CRP values were recorded and compared. The mean values for nearly all study parameters (except for high-density lipoprotein) were significantly higher in patients with vitiligo, compared with healthy controls, irrespective of age and sex. We could not find any correlation between vitiligo and study parameters, regarding disease severity and extension of lesions; but in patients who have been suffering from vitiligo for more than 5 years, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and CRP values were noted to be significantly higher (p<0.001, p=0.003 and p=0.03, respectively). In conclusion, screening of patients with vitiligo in regard to their lipid profile as well as blood pressure should be considered, especially in patients with longer disease duration or those who have other cardiovascular risk factors to prevent morbidity and mortality as a result of developing cardiovascular events.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Iran; Leptin; Lipids; Vitiligo
PubMed: 35169000
DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002062 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2023Bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% (PGF2α analogues) combined with narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) was reported to be an effective treatment for vitiligo. To... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% (PGF2α analogues) combined with narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) was reported to be an effective treatment for vitiligo. To investigate the efficacy and safety of treatment for non-segmental/segmental vitiligo compared among bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.01% combined with NB-UVB phototherapy, bimatoprost monotherapy, and placebo. This single-blind randomized controlled study enrolled stable Thai vitiligo patients with at least three similarly sized lesions in the same anatomical area. The treatment duration was 6 months with 1- and 2-month post-treatment follow-ups. The 3 selected lesions on each patient were randomized to receive combination therapy, monotherapy, or placebo. The Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) was used to evaluate lesion response. Of the 25 initially enrolled subjects, 19 patients were analyzed. There were 13 and 6 non-segmental and segmental vitiligo cases, respectively. Eight and 11 cases had face/neck and non-face/neck lesions, respectively. Non-segmental vitiligo and non-face/neck vitiligo patients in the combination group had significant improvement in VASI score at 3 months, 6 months, and at the 2-month follow-up. No side effects were observed/reported. Bimatoprost combination therapy was shown to be safe and effective for treating Thai patients with non-segmental vitiligo in non-face/neck areas of the body.
Topics: Humans; Vitiligo; Bimatoprost; Single-Blind Method; Ultraviolet Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Combined Modality Therapy; Ophthalmic Solutions
PubMed: 37081101
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32591-8 -
Cells Sep 2023Vitamin D is one significant prohormone substance in human organ systems. It is a steroidal hormone produced in the skin upon exposure to UVB rays. This paper presents a... (Review)
Review
Vitamin D is one significant prohormone substance in human organ systems. It is a steroidal hormone produced in the skin upon exposure to UVB rays. This paper presents a systematic review of the utilization of topical vitamin D, specifically cholecalciferol, calcipotriol, and tacalcitol, in the treatment of vitiligo. It considers the role of vitamin D in stimulating the synthesis of melanin and melanogenesis, which can help with the process of repigmentation. The inclusion of calcipotriol or tacalcitol in Narrowband Ultraviolet Phototherapy (NB-UVB) has shown the potential to enhance therapeutic outcomes for vitiligo. However, their effectiveness in combination with Psoralens Long Wave Ultraviolet Radiation (PUVA) and Monochromatic Excimer Light (MEL) treatment for vitiligo is limited. In contrast, combining topical corticosteroids with vitamin D analogues has demonstrated superior efficacy in treating vitiligo compared to using vitamin D analogues alone, while also providing the added benefit of reducing corticosteroid-related adverse effects. In addition, treating stable vitiligo with topical cholecalciferol and microneedling has shown success. Future studies are needed to ascertain an efficient method of administering vitamin D topically as an anti-vitiligo agent.
Topics: Humans; Vitamin D; Vitiligo; Ultraviolet Rays; Ultraviolet Therapy; Vitamins
PubMed: 37830601
DOI: 10.3390/cells12192387 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2023Vitiligo is a chronic pigmentary disease with complex etiology, the signs of which are caused by the destruction of melanocytes in the epidermis, leading to the lack of... (Review)
Review
Vitiligo is a chronic pigmentary disease with complex etiology, the signs of which are caused by the destruction of melanocytes in the epidermis, leading to the lack of melanin pigment responsible for skin coloration. The treatment of vitiligo, which aims at repigmentation, depends both on the clinical characteristics of the disease as well as on molecular markers that may predict the response to treatment. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical evidence for vitiligo cell-based therapies taking into account the required procedures and equipment necessary to carry them out as well as their effectiveness in repigmentation, assessed using the percentage of repigmentation of the treated area. This review was conducted by assessing 55 primary clinical studies published in PubMed and ClinicalTrails.gov between 2000 and 2022. This review concludes that the extent of repigmentation, regardless of the treatment method, is highest in stable localized vitiligo patients. Moreover, therapies that combine more than one cell type, such as melanocytes and keratinocytes, or more than one method of treatment, such as the addition of NV-UVB to another treatment, increase the chances of >90% repigmentation. Lastly, this review concludes that various body parts respond differently to all treatments.
Topics: Humans; Vitiligo; Hypopigmentation; Melanocytes; Epidermis; Keratinocytes; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36834766
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043357 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Vitiligo; Hyperpigmentation; Hypopigmentation
PubMed: 38380976
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.35429 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2010Vitiligo is a psychologically devastating condition. Topical therapy is employed as first-line treatment in localized vitiligo. Currently, several topical agents are... (Review)
Review
Vitiligo is a psychologically devastating condition. Topical therapy is employed as first-line treatment in localized vitiligo. Currently, several topical agents are available in many forms viz. methoxsalen (solution and cream), trioxsalen (solution), corticosteroids (gel, cream, ointment and solution) and calcineurin inhibitors (ointment and cream). Although topical therapy has an important position in vitiligo treatment, side-effects or poor efficacy affect their utility and patient compliance. Novel drug delivery strategies can play a pivotal role in improving the topical delivery of various drugs by enhancing their epidermal localization with a concomitant reduction in their side-effects and improving their effectiveness. The current review emphasizes the potential of various phospholipid based carriers viz. liposomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, lipid emulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles and organogels in optimizing and enhancing the topical delivery of anti-vitiligo agents, whilst reducing the side effects of drugs commonly used in its topical treatment.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Ointments; Vitiligo
PubMed: 20445292
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.62961 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Nov 2021Vitiligo shows insufficient response to current therapies largely owing to T-lymphocyte dysfunction, abnormal inflammatory activation, and excessive oxidative stress in...
Vitiligo shows insufficient response to current therapies largely owing to T-lymphocyte dysfunction, abnormal inflammatory activation, and excessive oxidative stress in lesions. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) possesses pleiotropic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may offer an improvement to current treatment options. In this study, the efficacy and safety of CAP were investigated in a mouse model of vitiligo and a randomized and controlled trial of patients with active focal vitiligo. Skin biopsies showed that topical treatment of vitiligo-like lesions on mouse dorsal skin by CAP restored the distribution of melanin. In addition, CAP treatment reduced the infiltration of CD11c dendritic cells, CD3 T cells, and CD8 T cells; inhibited the release of CXCL10 and cytokine IFN-γ; and enhanced cellular resistance to oxidative stress and excessive immune response by enhancing the expression of the transcription factor NRF2 and attenuating the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase. In a randomized and controlled trial, CAP treatment achieved partial and complete repigmentation in 80% and 20% of vitiligo lesions, respectively, without hyperpigmentation in surrounding areas or other adverse events during the treatment period and its follow-up period. In conclusion, CAP offers a promising option for the management of vitiligo.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Chemokine CXCL10; Child; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Hydrogels; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oxidative Stress; Plasma Gases; Vitiligo; Young Adult; Mice
PubMed: 34029575
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.04.019