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Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese... Oct 2023is recognized as a significant foodborne pathogen, capable of causing listeriosis in humans, which is a global public health concern. This pathogen is particularly... (Review)
Review
is recognized as a significant foodborne pathogen, capable of causing listeriosis in humans, which is a global public health concern. This pathogen is particularly dangerous for pregnant women, as it can lead to invasive listeriosis in fetuses and neonates, posing a significant threat to both maternal and fetal health. Therefore, establishing suitable and models for . placenta infection, as well as analyzing and exploring the infection process and its pathogenic mechanism, are important approaches to prevent and control . infection in mothers and infants. In this study, we reviewed the and placental models used for studying the infection of . in maternal and infant, summarized and discussed the advantages and limitations of each model, and explored the potential of cell models and organoids for the study of . infection. This paper aims to support the study of the infection pathway and pathogenesis of listeriosis and provide scientific references for the prevention and control of . infection.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Placenta; Public Health; Infant, Newborn
PubMed: 37877386
DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230263 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2023infections are rare in the central nervous system (CNS) and frequently difficult-to-diagnose. Our goal is to assess CNS listeriosis patients' clinical characteristics,...
PURPOSE
infections are rare in the central nervous system (CNS) and frequently difficult-to-diagnose. Our goal is to assess CNS listeriosis patients' clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients with CNS listeriosis admitted to the Department of neurology, the first medical center of the Chinese PLA general hospital, were enrolled in this study from March 2018 to August 2022.
RESULTS
This study analyzed eight adults, including five males and three females. The average age of onset was (50.25 ± 11.52) years. The clinical manifestations included fever, headache, altered mental status, vomiting, seizures, neck rigidity, hemiplegia and cranial nerve palsies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests revealed intracranial hypertension, elevated cell count and protein concentration, and decreased glucose levels. The positive rates of blood and CSF culture were 40% and 28.57%, respectively. All patients underwent CSF metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), with a 100% positive rate and the specific read number 12-20394. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exhibited leptomeningitis, meningoencephalitis, and brain abscess, and no specific changes were discovered in two patients. All patients received antibiotic treatment, seven were cured, and one died.
CONCLUSION
Monitoring the proportion of monocytes in blood and mNGS results of CSF can play a crucial role in diagnosing pathogens. Early and sufficient application of two to three sensitive antibiotics with a BBB permeability of 20-30% for at least 2-3 months can significantly improve CNS listeriosis prognosis.
PubMed: 37700798
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S424012 -
Medicina Clinica Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Panuveitis; Food Microbiology; Listeriosis
PubMed: 37666684
DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.06.039 -
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy Feb 2024Memory CD8 T cell generation is crucial for pathogen elimination and effective vaccination against infection. The cellular and molecular circuitry that underlies the...
Memory CD8 T cell generation is crucial for pathogen elimination and effective vaccination against infection. The cellular and molecular circuitry that underlies the generation of memory CD8 T cells remains elusive. Eosinophils can modulate inflammatory allergic responses and interact with lymphocytes to regulate their functions in immune defense. Here we report that eosinophils are required for the generation of memory CD8 T cells by inhibiting CD8 T cell apoptosis. Eosinophil-deficient mice display significantly impaired memory CD8 T cell response and weakened resistance against Listeria monocytogenes (L.m.) infection. Mechanistically, eosinophils secrete interleukin-4 (IL-4) to inhibit JNK/Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of CD8 T cells upon L.m. infection in vitro. Furthermore, active eosinophils are recruited into the spleen and secrete more IL-4 to suppress CD8 T cell apoptosis during early stage of L.m. infection in vivo. Adoptive transfer of wild-type (WT) eosinophils but not IL-4-deficient eosinophils into eosinophil-deficient mice could rescue the impaired CD8 T cell memory responses. Together, our findings suggest that eosinophil-derived IL-4 promotes the generation of CD8 T cell memory and enhances immune defense against L.m. infection. Our study reveals a new adjuvant role of eosinophils in memory T cell generation and provides clues for enhancing the vaccine potency via targeting eosinophils and related cytokines.
Topics: Mice; Animals; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Listeriosis; Interleukin-4; Eosinophils; Memory T Cells
PubMed: 38413575
DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01752-0 -
Molecular Diversity Sep 2023Listeria monocytogenes is an important human and animal pathogen able to cause an infection named listeriosis and is mainly transmitted through contaminated food. Among...
Listeria monocytogenes is an important human and animal pathogen able to cause an infection named listeriosis and is mainly transmitted through contaminated food. Among its virulence traits, the ability to form biofilms and to survive in harsh environments stand out and lead to the persistence of L. monocytogenes for long periods in food processing environments. Virulence and biofilm formation are phenotypes regulated by quorum sensing (QS) and, therefore, the control of L. monocytogenes through an anti-QS strategy is promising. This study aimed to identify, by in silico approaches, proteins secreted by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) potentially able to interfere with the agr QS system of L. monocytogenes. The genome mining of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM revealed 151 predicted secreted proteins. Concomitantly, the three-dimensional (3D) structures of AgrB and AgrC proteins of L. monocytogenes were modeled and validated, and their active sites were predicted. Through protein-protein docking and molecular dynamic, Serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidase and L,D-transpeptidase, potentially secreted by L. rhamnosus GG and L. acidophilus NCFM, respectively, were identified with high affinity to AgrB and AgrC proteins, respectively. By inhibiting the translocation of the cyclic autoinducer peptide (cyclic AIP) via AgrB, and its recognition in the active site of AgrC, these LAB proteins could disrupt L. monocytogenes communication by impairing the agr QS system. The application of the QS inhibitors predicted in this study can emerge as a promising strategy in controlling L. monocytogenes in food processing environment and as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy for the treatment of listeriosis.
PubMed: 37658910
DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10722-7 -
Cureus Feb 2024Acute alithiatic cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder without evidence of gallstones, often due to infection. It can occur at any age, and it is...
Acute alithiatic cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder without evidence of gallstones, often due to infection. It can occur at any age, and it is predominant in males. Listeriosis is a rare bacterial infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes (LM) through the ingestion of contaminated food such as dairy, legumes, and raw meats. Clinical presentations of listeriosis include bacteremia, meningitis, and gastroenteritis. Acute cholecystitis caused by listeria is even more uncommon, with only 23 cases reported in the literature. We present a case of a 65-year-old male, admitted to the Emergency Department with fever and altered state of consciousness which revealed bacteremia due to cholecystitis to LM. The patient was submitted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy and appropriate antibiotic coverage and was discharged seven days later. Early recognition and treatment of this disease are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality.
PubMed: 38410626
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54930 -
Food Science and Biotechnology Oct 2023is a critical foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis and threatens public health. This pathogenic microorganism forms a transmission cycle in nature, food industry,... (Review)
Review
is a critical foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis and threatens public health. This pathogenic microorganism forms a transmission cycle in nature, food industry, and humans, expanding the areas of contamination among them and influencing food safety. forms biofilms to protect itself and promotes survival through stress responses to the various stresses (e.g., temperature, pH, and antimicrobial agents) that may be inflicted during food processing. Biofilms and mechanisms of resistance to hostile external or general stresses allow to survive despite a variety of efforts to ensure food safety. The current review article focuses on biofilm formation, resistance mechanisms through biofilms, and external specific or general stress responses of to help understand the unexpected survival rates of this bacterium; it also proposes the use of obstacle technology to effectively cope with it in the food industry.
PubMed: 37780599
DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01427-6 -
Biology of Reproduction Nov 2023The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Infection occurs through consumption of contaminated food that is disseminated...
OBJECTIVES
The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Infection occurs through consumption of contaminated food that is disseminated to the maternal-fetal interface. The influence on the gastrointestinal microbiome during Lm infection remains unexplored in pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of listeriosis on the gut microbiota of pregnant macaques.
METHODS
A non-human primate model of listeriosis in pregnancy has been previously described. Both pregnant and non-pregnant cynomolgus macaques were inoculated with Lm and bacteremia and fecal shedding were monitored for 14 days. Non-pregnant animal tissues were collected at necropsy to determine bacterial burden, and fecal samples from both pregnant and non-pregnant animals were evaluated by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing.
RESULTS
Unlike pregnant macaques, non-pregnant macaques did not exhibit bacteremia, fecal shedding, or tissue colonization by Lm. Dispersion of Lm during pregnancy was associated with a significant decrease in alpha diversity of the host gut microbiome, compared to non-pregnant counterparts. The combined effects of pregnancy and listeriosis were associated with a significant loss in microbial richness, although there were increases in some genera and decreases in others.
CONCLUSIONS
Although pregnancy alone is not associated with gut microbiome disruption, we observed dysbiosis with listeriosis during pregnancy. The macaque model may provide an understanding of the roles that pregnancy and the gut microbiota play in the ability of Lm to establish intestinal infection and disseminate throughout the host, thereby contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk to the developing fetus.
Topics: Pregnancy; Animals; Female; Listeria monocytogenes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Listeriosis; Macaca fascicularis; Bacteremia
PubMed: 37665249
DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad104 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023A review of the published quantitative risk assessment (QRA) models of in dairy products was undertaken in order to identify and appraise the relative effectiveness of... (Review)
Review
A review of the published quantitative risk assessment (QRA) models of in dairy products was undertaken in order to identify and appraise the relative effectiveness of control measures and intervention strategies implemented at primary production, processing, retail, and consumer practices. A systematic literature search retrieved 18 QRA models, most of them (9) investigated raw and pasteurized milk cheeses, with the majority covering long supply chains (4 farm-to-table and 3 processing-to-table scopes). On-farm contamination sources, either from shedding animals or from the broad environment, have been demonstrated by different QRA models to impact the risk of listeriosis, in particular for raw milk cheeses. Through scenarios and sensitivity analysis, QRA models demonstrated the importance of the modeled growth rate and lag phase duration and showed that the risk contribution of consumers' practices is greater than in retail conditions. Storage temperature was proven to be more determinant of the final risk than storage time. Despite the pathogen's known ability to reside in damp spots or niches, re-contamination and/or cross-contamination were modeled in only two QRA studies. Future QRA models in dairy products should entail the full farm-to-table scope, should represent cross-contamination and the use of novel technologies, and should estimate growth more accurately by means of better-informed kinetic parameters and realistic time-temperature trajectories.
PubMed: 38137240
DOI: 10.3390/foods12244436 -
Cell Reports. Medicine Jul 2023We report a case of fulminant fatal neonatal listeriosis due to horizontal transmission of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in a neonatal double room. Genomic analyses reveal...
We report a case of fulminant fatal neonatal listeriosis due to horizontal transmission of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in a neonatal double room. Genomic analyses reveal a close genetic relationship between clinical isolates, supporting cross-contamination. Oral inoculation experiments in adult and neonatal mice show that neonates are susceptible to a low Lm inoculum and that this susceptibility results from the immaturity of the neonatal gut microbiota. Infected neonates should therefore be isolated for as long as they shed Lm in their feces to avoid horizontal transmission and its dire consequences.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mice; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Disease Transmission, Infectious
PubMed: 37385252
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101094