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British Medical Journal Apr 1961
Topics: Accidents; Neurotic Disorders
PubMed: 14447308
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Aug 1971
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents, Aviation; Aircraft; Fires
PubMed: 5566613
DOI: No ID Found -
Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... Mar 1949
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents; Humans
PubMed: 18114611
DOI: No ID Found -
Injury Prevention : Journal of the... Jun 2006
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents, Traffic; Automobile Driving; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Safety
PubMed: 16751448
DOI: 10.1136/ip.2006.00606 -
Bulletin of the New York Academy of... 1988
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents, Traffic; Age Factors; Aged; Behavior Therapy; Child; Humans; Safety; Seat Belts; Social Behavior; United States
PubMed: 3240392
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Jan 1966
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents; England; First Aid; Humans; Mountaineering
PubMed: 5901565
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jul 1992To examine the problem of accidental injury to children on farms.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the problem of accidental injury to children on farms.
DESIGN
Prospective county based study of children presenting to accident and emergency departments over 12 months with injuries sustained in a farm setting and nationwide review of fatal childhood farm accidents over the four years April 1986 to March 1990.
SETTING
Accident and emergency departments in Aberystwyth, Carmarthen, Haverfordwest, and Llanelli and fatal accidents in England, Scotland, and Wales notified to the Health and Safety Executive register.
SUBJECTS
Children aged under 16.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Death or injury after farm related accidents.
RESULTS
65 accidents were recorded, including 18 fractures. Nine accidents necessitated admission to hospital for a mean of two (range one to four) days. 13 incidents were related to tractors and other machinery; 24 were due to falls. None of these incidents were reported under the statutory notification scheme. 33 deaths were notified, eight related to tractors and allied machinery and 10 related to falling objects.
CONCLUSIONS
Although safety is improving, the farm remains a dangerous environment for children. Enforcement of existing safety legislation with significant penalties and targeting of safety education will help reduce accident rates further.
Topics: Accidents; Adolescent; Agriculture; Child; Child, Preschool; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Prospective Studies; United Kingdom; Wales; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 1638192
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.305.6844.23 -
Environment International Jan 2021The experiences of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents showed that dosimetry was the essential tool in the emergency situation for decision making processes,... (Review)
Review
Lessons from past radiation accidents: Critical review of methods addressed to individual dose assessment of potentially exposed people and integration with medical assessment.
The experiences of the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents showed that dosimetry was the essential tool in the emergency situation for decision making processes, such as evacuation and application of protective measures. However, at the consequent post-accidental phases, it was crucial also for medical health surveillance and in further adaptation to changed conditions with regards to radiation protection of the affected populations. This review provides an analysis of the experiences related to the role of dosimetry (dose measurements, assessment and reconstruction) regarding health preventive measures in the post-accidental periods on the examples of the major past nuclear accidents such as Chernobyl and Fukushima. Recommendations derived from the review are called to improve individual dose assessment in case of a radiological accident/incident and should be considered in advance as guidelines to follow for having better information. They are given as conclusions.
Topics: Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; Fukushima Nuclear Accident; Humans; Japan; Radiation Monitoring; Radiation Protection
PubMed: 33069983
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106175 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2020With the increasing demand for electricity transmission and distribution, single-phase grounding accidents, which cause great economic losses and casualties, have...
With the increasing demand for electricity transmission and distribution, single-phase grounding accidents, which cause great economic losses and casualties, have occurred frequently. In this study, a Bayesian network (BN)-based risk assessment model for representing single-phase grounding accidents is proposed to examine accident evolution from causes to potential consequences. The Bayesian network of single-phase grounding accidents includes 21 nodes that take into account the influential factors of environment, management, equipment and human error. The Bow-tie method was employed to build the accident evolution path and then converted to a BN. The BN conditional probability tables are determined with reference to historical accident data and expert opinion obtained by the Delphi method. The probability of a single-phase grounding accident and its potential consequences in normal conditions and three typical accident scenarios are analyzed. We found that "Storm" is the most critical hazard of single-phase grounding, followed by "Aging" and "Icing". This study could quantitatively evaluate the single-phase grounding accident in multi-hazard coupling scenarios and provide technical support for occupational health and safety management of power transmission lines.
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Occupational; Bayes Theorem; Electric Power Supplies; Humans; Probability; Risk Assessment; Safety Management
PubMed: 32178361
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061841 -
Ambio Apr 2013The root causes and impacts of three severe accidents at large civilian nuclear power plants are reviewed: the Three Mile Island accident in 1979, the Chernobyl accident... (Review)
Review
The root causes and impacts of three severe accidents at large civilian nuclear power plants are reviewed: the Three Mile Island accident in 1979, the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and the Fukushima Daiichi accident in 2011. Impacts include health effects, evacuation of contaminated areas as well as cost estimates and impacts on energy policies and nuclear safety work in various countries. It is concluded that essential objectives for reactor safety work must be: (1) to prevent accidents from developing into severe core damage, even if they are initiated by very unlikely natural or man-made events, and, recognizing that accidents with severe core damage may nevertheless occur; (2) to prevent large-scale and long-lived ground contamination by limiting releases of radioactive nuclides such as cesium to less than about 100 TBq. To achieve these objectives the importance of maintaining high global standards of safety management and safety culture cannot be emphasized enough. All three severe accidents discussed in this paper had their root causes in system deficiencies indicative of poor safety management and poor safety culture in both the nuclear industry and government authorities.
Topics: Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; Fukushima Nuclear Accident; Japan; Models, Theoretical; Nuclear Power Plants; Pennsylvania; Radiation Monitoring; Radiation Protection; Radioactive Hazard Release; Radioisotopes; Safety Management; Tsunamis; Ukraine
PubMed: 23423737
DOI: 10.1007/s13280-013-0382-x