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Nature Communications Jun 2024Despite the recent advancements that Autonomous Vehicles have shown in their potential to improve safety and operation, considering differences between Autonomous...
Despite the recent advancements that Autonomous Vehicles have shown in their potential to improve safety and operation, considering differences between Autonomous Vehicles and Human-Driven Vehicles in accidents remain unidentified due to the scarcity of real-world Autonomous Vehicles accident data. We investigated the difference in accident occurrence between Autonomous Vehicles' levels and Human-Driven Vehicles by utilizing 2100 Advanced Driving Systems and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and 35,113 Human-Driven Vehicles accident data. A matched case-control design was conducted to investigate the differential characteristics involving Autonomous' versus Human-Driven Vehicles' accidents. The analysis suggests that accidents of vehicles equipped with Advanced Driving Systems generally have a lower chance of occurring than Human-Driven Vehicles in most of the similar accident scenarios. However, accidents involving Advanced Driving Systems occur more frequently than Human-Driven Vehicle accidents under dawn/dusk or turning conditions, which is 5.25 and 1.98 times higher, respectively. Our research reveals the accident risk disparities between Autonomous Vehicles and Human-Driven Vehicles, informing future development in Autonomous technology and safety enhancements.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Humans; Case-Control Studies; Automobile Driving; Automation; Safety; Automobiles
PubMed: 38890354
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48526-4 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2020The study evaluated characteristics of non-fatal mountain hiking accidents caused by falls. Questionnaires were sent to mountain hikers who suffered a fall-related...
The study evaluated characteristics of non-fatal mountain hiking accidents caused by falls. Questionnaires were sent to mountain hikers who suffered a fall-related accident in Tyrol (Austria) during a 3-year period. The questionnaire included details of socio-demographic data, physical activity, medication intake, defective vision, breaks, fluid intake, level of fatigue, muscle soreness, use of backpacks, use of hiking sticks, and type of shoes. Data of 405 individuals (57% females and 43% males) were included in the analyses. Victims were 56 ± 15 years of age, had a body mass index of 24.8 ± 3.5, and indicated 4.2 ± 3.9 h/week regular physical activity. A defective vision was reported by 70% of the victims, breaks were frequent (in 80%), and alcohol intake was rare (4%) among the interviewed hikers. Subjective level of fatigue was low and only 5% reported muscle soreness. A backpack was carried by 83% of the victims and the average weight was higher in males compared to females. The majority (61%) of the victims wore ankle-height hiking shoes with a profiled sole. Victims of non-fatal falls in mountain hiking are older than the general population of mountain hikers and are often afflicted with defective vision.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Accidents; Adult; Austria; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mountaineering; Shoes; Sports; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 32050553
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031115 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) May 2022The construction industry experiences the highest rate of casualties from safety-related accidents at construction sites despite continuous social interest in safety...
The construction industry experiences the highest rate of casualties from safety-related accidents at construction sites despite continuous social interest in safety management. Accordingly, various studies have been conducted on safety management, wherein recent studies have focused on its integration with Machine Learning (ML). In this study, we proposed a technology for recognizing struck-by hazards between construction equipment and workers, where a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and sound recognition were combined to analyze the changes in the Doppler effect caused by the movements of a subject. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the recognition performance in indoor and outdoor environments with respect to movement state, direction, speed, and near-miss situations. The proposed technology was able to classify the movement direction and speed with 84.4-97.4% accuracy and near-misses with 78.9% accuracy. This technology can be implemented using data obtained through the microphone of a smartphone, thus it is highly applicable and is also effective at ensuring that a worker becomes aware of a struck-by hazard near construction equipment. The findings of this study are expected to be applicable for the prevention of struck-by accidents occurring in various forms at construction sites in the vicinity of construction equipment.
Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Computers, Handheld; Construction Industry; Humans; Safety Management; Workplace
PubMed: 35591171
DOI: 10.3390/s22093482 -
California Medicine Sep 1957Most industrial employees receive physical examinations to evaluate their physical fitness in relation to their work. The farm worker is neglected in this matter, in...
Most industrial employees receive physical examinations to evaluate their physical fitness in relation to their work. The farm worker is neglected in this matter, in that he is hired for almost any type of work without physical evaluation. As a result, his accident rate is high. His efficiency at his work is low. His time loss from work because of sickness and accident is high, and the employer pays a very high rate of insurance for the patient's care and his own legal protection. Physical fitness cards should be carried by all farm laborers so that they would be put in properly graded jobs.
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Occupational; Humans; Industry; Male; Physical Examination; Physical Fitness; Work
PubMed: 13460719
DOI: No ID Found -
Applied Ergonomics Sep 2022The current study analyzed the root causes of 22 helicopter accidents/incidents that took place between 1998 and 2019. Each root cause was coded using three commonly...
The current study analyzed the root causes of 22 helicopter accidents/incidents that took place between 1998 and 2019. Each root cause was coded using three commonly used classification models in aviation HFACS, ATSB, and IATA to identify recurring factors for better targeting of future prevention strategies. The frequency analysis revealed that not following procedure (22 observations), training inadequate or unavailable (17), inadequate regulatory oversight (17), inadequate procedure guidance (16), company management absent or deficient (10) and incorrect manuals/charts/checklists (9) were the most frequent contributing factors. Since none of the existing models could summarize the root causes of 22 occurrences effectively, a scenario-based human-machine-environment-procedure (HMEP) classification scheme was proposed to use organizational influences, people management, technical failure, procedure and document, and environment as the first-layer subcategories. The HMEP scheme was additionally applied to the analysis and coding of 4 helicopter accidents in the USA published by the NTSB. The HMEP scheme revealed that NTSB had identified a significantly greater number of root causes in the manufacturer design, manufacturing & documentation. Overall, HMEP can be used to guide the data collection during accident investigation and subsequently to aggregate aviation accidents to derive recurring factors and compare accident patterns in an efficient manner.
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Aviation; Accidents, Occupational; Aircraft; Aviation; Humans; Root Cause Analysis
PubMed: 35523017
DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103771 -
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2019We conducted a questionnaire survey (situation, patient factor, environmental factor, operator factor, degree of disability, countermeasure etc.) on cases that occurred...
We conducted a questionnaire survey (situation, patient factor, environmental factor, operator factor, degree of disability, countermeasure etc.) on cases that occurred up to the present to investigate the actual situation of the medical accidents that occur in the radiological examination department of medical institutions. There were 373 questionnaires collected. Among them, there were 197 cases of falls. In this study, we examined the age of patients who fell, the background of the accident, and factors. As for the accident, 11.7% of accidents with risk impact level 3b or higher occurred including the fatal accident. Of the accidents, 44.2% were foreseeable and 55.8% were unforeseeable. The most accident-prone age was elderly in their 60s to 80s. As the causative factor for the accident, the patient factor was the largest at 63.5%. We can prevent about 30% of the accident by improving the operator factor and the environmental factor which are parts other than patient factor. It is important for us to understand what kind of people tend to fall. Among foreseeable accidents, the causes of patient factors can be reduced.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidental Falls; Aged; Humans; Radiography; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 31748460
DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2019_JSRT_75.11.1337 -
Revista de Saude Publica Apr 2011The objective of the study was to compare the results of aviation accident analyses performed by the Center for Investigation and Prevention of Aviation Accidents... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The objective of the study was to compare the results of aviation accident analyses performed by the Center for Investigation and Prevention of Aviation Accidents (CENIPA) with the method Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). The final reports of thirty-six general aviation accidents occurring between 2000 and 2005 in the State of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil were analyzed and compared. CENIPA reports mentioned 163 contributive factors, while HFACS identified 370 factors. It was concluded that CENIPA reports did not contemplate the organizational factors associated with aviation accidents.
Topics: Accidents, Aviation; Accidents, Occupational; Humans; Risk Factors; Task Performance and Analysis
PubMed: 21344127
DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102011005000003 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Apr 2004Health professionals have an important role in implementing measures to reduce deaths and injuries on the roads (Review)
Review
Health professionals have an important role in implementing measures to reduce deaths and injuries on the roads
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents, Traffic; Forecasting; Health Personnel; Humans; Patient Advocacy; Safety Management
PubMed: 15073075
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.328.7444.888 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2021: Construction activities not only provide the necessary conditions for citizens to live, but also cause fatal accidents. This study aimed to reveal the characteristics...
: Construction activities not only provide the necessary conditions for citizens to live, but also cause fatal accidents. This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of fatal accidents in the construction industry in China based on statistical data. From 2010 to 2019, there were 6005 fatal accidents in China's construction industry causing 7275 deaths. The important features of these fatal accidents, such as the type, time of occurrence, site location, severity, and geographical region of the accident, were carefully analyzed. There were 258 major and severe construction accidents causing 1037 deaths, accounting for 4.3% and 14.25% of the total number of construction accidents and deaths in this period, respectively. As an important finding, more deaths occurred in August and on Mondays. The greatest number of construction accidents took place along openings and edges, accounting for 22.9% of all fatal accidents. Taking into account their economic development level and number of employees, Qinghai and Hainan experienced a higher mortality rate than Jiangsu. Falls from a high place were the dominant type of construction accident, accounting for 51.66% of all accidents. However, collapses were the primary type of major and severe construction accident, accounting for 60.09% of such accidents. The predicted number of construction deaths in 2020 is 887 according to the GM(1,1) model. Corresponding safety measures should be adopted to improve the working environment of the construction industry. The implications of these results with respect to the characteristics of construction accidents can be regarded as the foundation for accident prevention in practice.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidents; Accidents, Occupational; China; Construction Industry; Workplace
PubMed: 33672141
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042162 -
Industrial Health 2014
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accidental Falls; Accidents, Occupational; Congresses as Topic; Cooperative Behavior; Global Health; Humans
PubMed: 25345423
DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.52-379