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International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022spp. can establish occasional or chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Chronic colonization has been associated with worse prognosis...
spp. can establish occasional or chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Chronic colonization has been associated with worse prognosis highlighting the need to identify markers of bacterial persistence. To this purpose, we analyzed phenotypic features of 95 spp. isolates from 38 patients presenting chronic or occasional infection. Virulence was tested in larvae, cytotoxicity was tested in human bronchial epithelial cells, biofilm production in static conditions was measured by crystal violet staining and susceptibility to selected antibiotics was tested by the disk diffusion method. The presence of genetic loci associated to the analyzed phenotypic features was evaluated by a genome-wide association study. Isolates from occasional infection induced significantly higher mortality of larvae and showed a trend for lower cytotoxicity than chronic infection isolates. No significant difference was observed in biofilm production among the two groups. Additionally, antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that isolates from chronically-infected patients were significantly more resistant to sulfonamides and meropenem than occasional isolates. Candidate genetic biomarkers associated with antibiotic resistance or sensitivity were identified. spp. strains isolated from people with chronic and occasional lung infection exhibit different virulence and antibiotic susceptibility features, which could be linked to persistence in CF lungs. This underlines the possibility of identifying predictive biomarkers of persistence that could be useful for clinical purposes.
Topics: Achromobacter; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biomarkers; Cystic Fibrosis; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 36012535
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169265 -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Jun 2023The study aimed to investigate whether IA strain biofilm formation, which contributes to antibiotic resistance, could be enhanced by readily available nutrient sources...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The study aimed to investigate whether IA strain biofilm formation, which contributes to antibiotic resistance, could be enhanced by readily available nutrient sources like carbohydrates and environmental factors such as pH and NaCl. Additionally, the study aimed to identify any inherent genes that support biofilm formation in this strain, which is an opportunistic pathogen that affects immunocompromised patients and is resistant to many antibiotics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Biofilm growth in different carbohydrate, pH, and NaCl concentrated media was measured using crystal violet microtiter assay. All the treatments were subjected to biostatistics analysis for normality, Test of Homogeneity, one way ANOVA analysis. Whole-genome sequencing of our IA strain was conducted to identify various gene sequences.
RESULTS
Biofilm formation was measured at different carbohydrate concentrations, and the optimum biofilm formation was observed at 3M glucose and 0.5M NaCl, while the lowest results were seen at 2M maltose concentration. Whole-genome sequencing identified potential genes involved in biofilm formation, pathogenicity, protein metabolism, flagellar motility, cell wall component synthesis, and a multidrug efflux pump.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that biofilm formation is influenced by extrinsic and intrinsic factors, which could aid in the development of effective treatments for resistant infections.
PubMed: 37448677
DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12902 -
Microorganisms Aug 2023A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated IMCC34845, was isolated from a freshwater stream in the Republic of Korea. The...
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated IMCC34845, was isolated from a freshwater stream in the Republic of Korea. The results of 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strain IMCC34845 was affiliated with the genus and was most closely related to 'Achromobacter panacis' DCY105 (100%) and LF4-65 (98.9%). The whole-genome sequence of strain IMCC34845 was 3.2 Mbp in size with a 51.5% DNA G+C content. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain IMCC34845 and 'Achromobacter panacis' KCTC 42751 were 77.7% and 20.7%, respectively, revealing that they are independent species. Moreover, the strains IMCC34845 and KCTC 42751 exhibited ≤ 72.5% ANI and ≤18.5% dDDH values with closely related species LF4-65, further supporting that the two strains represent each novel species of the genus. The major respiratory quinone of strain IMCC34845 was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8), and the predominant cellular fatty acids were C (41.3%) and C cyclo (34.5%). The major polar lipids of the strain were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified phospholipids, and unidentified aminolipids. Based on the phylogenetic, genomic, physiological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain IMCC34845 was considered to represent a novel species within the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type of strain is IMCC34845 (=KCTC 92920 = NBRC 114902). Furthermore, based on the taxonomic data, 'Achromobacter panacis' is proposed to be reclassified as comb. nov.
PubMed: 37763994
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092150 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2022Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a Gram-negative aerobic opportunistic bacterium, belonging to the order of Burkholderiales, that can cause infections of virtually all body... (Review)
Review
Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a Gram-negative aerobic opportunistic bacterium, belonging to the order of Burkholderiales, that can cause infections of virtually all body districts in patients with underlying diseases. However, A. xylosoxidans has rarely been associated with infective endocarditis. The treatment of A. xylosoxidans infections is complicated by both intrinsic and acquired resistance. Here we report on a case of aortic endocarditis by A. xylosoxidans in a Non-Hodgkin lymphoma patient treated with a combination of cefiderocol and other antibiotics, and summarize the available literature.
PubMed: 36551343
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121686 -
Epidemiology and Infection Feb 2017Achromobacter spp. are opportunistic pathogens increasingly recovered from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We report the characterization of 122 Achromobacter...
Patterns of virulence factor expression and antimicrobial resistance in Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Achromobacter ruhlandii isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis.
Achromobacter spp. are opportunistic pathogens increasingly recovered from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We report the characterization of 122 Achromobacter spp. isolates recovered from 39 CF patients by multilocus sequence typing, virulence traits, and susceptibility to antimicrobials. Two species, A. xylosoxidans (77%) and A. ruhlandii (23%) were identified. All isolates showed a similar biofilm formation ability, and a positive swimming phenotype. By contrast, 4·3% and 44·4% of A. xylosoxidans and A. ruhlandii, respectively, exhibited a negative swarming phenotype, making the swimming and swarming abilities of A. xylosoxidans significantly higher than those of A. ruhlandii. A. xylosoxidans isolates from an outbreak clone also exhibited significantly higher motility. Both species were generally susceptible to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and there was no significant difference in susceptibility between isolates from chronic or sporadic infection. However, A. xylosoxidans isolates from chronic and sporadic cases were significantly more resistant to imipenem and ceftazidime than isolates of the outbreak clone.
Topics: Achromobacter; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Cystic Fibrosis; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Locomotion; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 27873565
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268816002624 -
Microorganisms Jan 2021spp. is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Although a variety of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying...
spp. is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Although a variety of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying antimicrobial resistance genes have been identified in clinical isolates, little is known about the contribution of spp. mobilome to its pathogenicity. To provide new insights, we performed bioinformatic analyses of 54 whole genome sequences and investigated the presence of phages, insertion sequences (ISs), and integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). Most of the detected phages were previously described in other pathogens and carried type II toxin-antitoxin systems as well as other pathogenic genes. Interestingly, the partial sequence of phage Bcep176 was found in all the analyzed genome sequences, suggesting the integration of this phage in an ancestor strain. A wide variety of IS was also identified either inside of or in proximity to pathogenicity islands. Finally, ICEs carrying pathogenic genes were found to be widespread among our isolates and seemed to be involved in transfer events within the CF lung. These results highlight the contribution of MGEs to the pathogenicity of species, their potential to become antimicrobial targets, and the need for further studies to better elucidate their clinical impact.
PubMed: 33430044
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010130 -
Journal of Cystic Fibrosis : Official... May 2013We recently described a multilocus sequence typing scheme for Achromobacter that identified several novel species in this genus.
BACKGROUND
We recently described a multilocus sequence typing scheme for Achromobacter that identified several novel species in this genus.
METHODS
We assessed the ability of nrdA sequence analysis to differentiate Achromobacter species, including the seven previously named species and 14 recently described genogroups. Confirmation of distinctness between groups was confirmed using the k parameter. Using this single locus sequence to differentiate species, we analyzed Achromobacter isolates obtained from 341 CF patients in the U.S.
RESULTS
We found that Achromobacter xylosoxidans accounts for 42% of Achromobacter infections, while Achromobacter ruhlandii accounted for 23.5% of infections. Isolates from 17% of patients were members of the novel genogroup 14. The remaining 17.5% of strains belonged to 11 other species/genogroups.
CONCLUSION
The use of nrdA sequence analysis allows differentiation of the several Achromobacter species that can infect persons with CF. Achromobacter species other than A. xylosoxidans account for the majority of Achromobacter infection in CF patients in the U.S.
Topics: Achromobacter; Bacterial Proteins; Cystic Fibrosis; DNA, Bacterial; Humans
PubMed: 23141756
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2012.10.002 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy May 2012An Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain from the Tripoli central hospital produced a unique metallo-β-lactamase, designated TMB-1, which is related to DIM-1 (62%) and...
An Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain from the Tripoli central hospital produced a unique metallo-β-lactamase, designated TMB-1, which is related to DIM-1 (62%) and GIM-1 (51%). bla(TMB-1) was embedded in a class 1 integron and located on the chromosome. The TMB-1 β-lactamase has lower k(cat) values than both DIM-1 and GIM-1 with cephalosporins and carbapenems. The K(m) values were more similar to those of GIM-1 than those of DIM-1, with the overall k(cat)/K(m) values being lower than those for GIM-1 and DIM-1.
Topics: Achromobacter denitrificans; Amino Acid Sequence; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbapenems; Cephalosporins; Chromosomes, Bacterial; DNA, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Integrons; Kinetics; Libya; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 22290947
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.05640-11 -
Microbial Cell Factories Feb 2023Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is still the most renewable available biopolymer produced in fine nature from alternative microbial sources as bacteria. In the present study,...
Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is still the most renewable available biopolymer produced in fine nature from alternative microbial sources as bacteria. In the present study, newly BC producing bacteria were successfully isolated from acidic fruits. The most potent producer was isolated from strawberry and identified genetically using 16 s rRNA technique as Achromobacter S3. Different fruit peels were screened to produce BC using the cheapest culture medium. Among them, Mango peel waste (MPW) hydrolysate proved to be the significant inducible alternative medium without any extra nutrients for the maximum productivity. Improvement of the BC yield was successfully achieved via statistical optimization of the MPW culture medium, from 0.52 g/L to 1.22 g/L with 2.5-fold increased about the standard HS culture medium. Additionally, the physicochemical analysis affirmed the cellulose molecular structure as well as observed the crystallinity of nanofiber as 72 and 79% for BC produced by Achromobacter S33 on HS and MPW media, respectively. Moreover, the topographical study illustrated that the BC nanofibers had close characteristics upon fiber dimeter and length as about 10 and 200 nm, respectively.
Topics: Cellulose; Mangifera; Biopolymers; Culture Media
PubMed: 36747200
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02031-3 -
Microbiology and Immunology 1998Based on the results of GC content determination and 16S rRNA sequence analysis among the type strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 4 Alcaligenes species, 5 Bordetella...
Emendation of genus Achromobacter and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (Yabuuchi and Yano) and proposal of Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) comb. nov., Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al.) comb. nov., and Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) comb. nov.
Based on the results of GC content determination and 16S rRNA sequence analysis among the type strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 4 Alcaligenes species, 5 Bordetella species, and 12 species of 4 other genera, the separation of genus Achromobacter Yabuuchi and Yano 1981, with the type species Achromobacter xylosoxidans, is confirmed. Alcaligenes ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) Aragno and Schlegel 1992 is a distinct species and not a senior synonym of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Alcaligenes ruhlandii and Alcaligenes piechaudii Kiredjian et al 1986 are transferred to genus Achromobacter. Thus 2 new combinations, Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) and Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al) are proposed; their type strains are ATCC 15749 and ATCC 43552, respectively. Alcaligenes denitrificans Rüger and Tan 1983 is also transferred to genus Achromobacter and ranked down to the subspecies of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Thus a new subspecies name, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) is proposed. The type strain of the subspecies is ATCC 15173. This proposal automatically creates type subspecies, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans, with type strain ATCC 27061. An emended description of genus Achromobacter and of type species Achromobacter xylosoxidans are given.
Topics: Alcaligenes; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bordetella; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 9688077
DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02306.x