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Microbiology (Reading, England) Jan 2021
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Editorial Policies; Humans; Microbiology; Serial Publications
PubMed: 33512314
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001033 -
The ISME Journal Mar 2015Corrosion is the result of a series of chemical, physical and (micro) biological processes leading to the deterioration of materials such as steel and stone. It is a... (Review)
Review
Corrosion is the result of a series of chemical, physical and (micro) biological processes leading to the deterioration of materials such as steel and stone. It is a world-wide problem with great societal and economic consequences. Current corrosion control strategies based on chemically produced products are under increasing pressure of stringent environmental regulations. Furthermore, they are rather inefficient. Therefore, there is an urgent need for environmentally friendly and sustainable corrosion control strategies. The mechanisms of microbially influenced corrosion and microbially influenced corrosion inhibition are not completely understood, because they cannot be linked to a single biochemical reaction or specific microbial species or groups. Corrosion is influenced by the complex processes of different microorganisms performing different electrochemical reactions and secreting proteins and metabolites that can have secondary effects. Information on the identity and role of microbial communities that are related to corrosion and corrosion inhibition in different materials and in different environments is scarce. As some microorganisms are able to both cause and inhibit corrosion, we pay particular interest to their potential role as corrosion-controlling agents. We show interesting interfaces in which scientists from different disciplines such as microbiology, engineering and art conservation can collaborate to find solutions to the problems caused by corrosion.
Topics: Bacteria; Construction Materials; Corrosion; Microbiota; Steel
PubMed: 25259571
DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.169 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2015Intracellular bacteria use a number of strategies to survive, grow, multiply, and disseminate within the host. One of the most striking adaptations that intracellular... (Review)
Review
Intracellular bacteria use a number of strategies to survive, grow, multiply, and disseminate within the host. One of the most striking adaptations that intracellular pathogens have developed is the ability to utilize host lipids and their metabolism. Bacteria such as Anaplasma, Chlamydia, or Mycobacterium can use host lipids for different purposes, such as a means of entry through lipid rafts, building blocks for bacteria membrane formation, energy sources, camouflage to avoid the fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes, and dissemination. One of the most extreme examples of lipid exploitation is Mycobacterium, which not only utilizes the host lipid as a carbon and energy source but is also able to reprogram the host lipid metabolism. Likewise, Chlamydia spp. have also developed numerous mechanisms to reprogram lipids onto their intracellular inclusions. Finally, while the ability to exploit host lipids is important in intracellular bacteria, it is not an exclusive trait. Extracellular pathogens, including Helicobacter, Mycoplasma, and Borrelia, can recruit and metabolize host lipids that are important for their growth and survival.Throughout this chapter we will review how intracellular and extracellular bacterial pathogens utilize host lipids to enter, survive, multiply, and disseminate in the host.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Lipid Metabolism
PubMed: 27337282
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0001-2014 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2022The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has limited treatment options and led to the untreatable infections, thereby necessitating the discovery of new...
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has limited treatment options and led to the untreatable infections, thereby necessitating the discovery of new antibiotics to battel against bacteria. Natural products from endophytic actinobacteria (EA) serve as a reservoir for discovery of new antibiotics. Therefore, the current study focused on the isolation and antibacterial properties of EA isolated from Luffa cylindrica. Six strains were identified using morphological characterization, SEM analyses and 16S rRNA gene sequencing from the roots and leaves of the plant. They were taxonomically classified as Streptomycetaceae family. This is the first report on EA form L. cylindrica. The strains produced a chain of oval, cubed or cylindrical shaped spores with spiny or smooth surfaces. Three strains; KUMS-B3, KUMS-B4 and KUMS-B6 were reported as endophytes for the first time. Fifty percent of isolates were isolated from leaves samples using YECD medium. Our results showed that the sampling time and seasons may affect the bacterial diversity. All six strains had antibacterial activity against at least one of the tested bacteria S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli. Among the strains, KUMS-B6 isolate, closely related to S. praecox, exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and negative bacteria. KUMS-B6, KUMS-B5 and KUMS-B4 isolates strongly inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa. Interestingly, the strains, isolated from leaves exhibited stronger antagonist activities compared to those isolated from the roots. The study revealed that the isolated strains from Luffa produce a plethora of bioactive substances that are potential source of new drug candidates for the treatment of infections.
Topics: Actinobacteria; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Luffa; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Bacteria; Endophytes; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 36309579
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23073-4 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jan 2017Cell-to-cell signals of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family are cis-2-unsaturated fatty acids of differing chain length and branching pattern. DSF signalling has... (Review)
Review
Cell-to-cell signals of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family are cis-2-unsaturated fatty acids of differing chain length and branching pattern. DSF signalling has been described in diverse bacteria to include plant and human pathogens where it acts to regulate functions such as biofilm formation, antibiotic tolerance and the production of virulence factors. DSF family signals can also participate in interspecies signalling with other bacteria and interkingdom signalling such as with the yeast Candida albicans. Interference with DSF signalling may afford new opportunities for the control of bacterial disease. Such strategies will depend in part on detailed knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the processes of signal synthesis, perception and turnover. Here, I review both recent progress in understanding DSF signalling at the molecular level and prospects for translating this knowledge into approaches for disease control.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Humans; Plant Diseases; Quorum Sensing; Signal Transduction; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 27684652
DOI: 10.1111/jam.13307 -
Gaceta Sanitaria 2021To describe the presence of bacteria at the seller's hand of meatball vendors and cart meatball bowls. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
To describe the presence of bacteria at the seller's hand of meatball vendors and cart meatball bowls.
METHOD
This is a descriptive study with an observational approach. Thirty mobile meatball vendors were recruited as participants. Therefore, the bacterias from bowls and hands were taken by swab sampling. The number of bacterias were obtained using total plate count method by means of nutrient agar. Bacteria types were identified using Gram staining method and bacteria assay.
RESULTS
The hands and bowls swab samples were positive for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in all cases. These microorganisms include Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Klebsiella sp., Alcaligenes faecalis, Enterobacter aglomereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Serratia rubidaea, Yersinia enterocolitica, E. aerogenes, and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
CONCLUSIONS
Some types of bacterias were present in cart meatball bowls and the sellers' hands. This phenomenon is affiliated with the emergence of food-borne diseases for the consumers.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Serratia
PubMed: 33832632
DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.12.020 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Apr 2011The microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans is often polymicrobial, with a broad mixture of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Bacteria recovered from... (Review)
Review
The microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans is often polymicrobial, with a broad mixture of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Bacteria recovered from infected bite wounds are most often reflective of the oral flora of the biting animal, which can also be influenced by the microbiome of their ingested prey and other foods. Bacteria may also originate from the victim's own skin or the physical environment at the time of injury. Our review has focused on bite wound infections in humans from dogs, cats, and a variety of other animals such as monkeys, bears, pigs, ferrets, horses, sheep, Tasmanian devils, snakes, Komodo dragons, monitor lizards, iguanas, alligators/crocodiles, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, prairie dogs, swans, and sharks. The medical literature in this area has been made up mostly of small case series or case reports. Very few studies have been systematic and are often limited to dog or cat bite injuries. Limitations of studies include a lack of established or inconsistent criteria for an infected wound and a failure to utilize optimal techniques in pathogen isolation, especially for anaerobic organisms. There is also a lack of an understanding of the pathogenic significance of all cultured organisms. Gathering information and conducting research in a more systematic and methodical fashion through an organized research network, including zoos, veterinary practices, and rural clinics and hospitals, are needed to better define the microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bites and Stings; Humans; Wound Infection
PubMed: 21482724
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00041-10 -
FEBS Letters Nov 2016
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Gastrointestinal Tract; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Microbiota; Respiratory System
PubMed: 27869995
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12466 -
PloS One 2017Multiple inducers of in vitro Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) formation (NETosis) have been described. Since there is much variation in study design and results, our... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Multiple inducers of in vitro Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) formation (NETosis) have been described. Since there is much variation in study design and results, our aim was to create a systematic review of NETosis inducers and perform a standardized in vitro study of NETosis inducers important in (cardiac) wound healing.
METHODS
In vitro NETosis was studied by incubating neutrophils with PMA, living and dead bacteria (S. aureus and E. coli), LPS, (activated) platelets (supernatant), glucose and calcium ionophore Ionomycin using 3-hour periods of time-lapse confocal imaging.
RESULTS
PMA is a consistent and potent inducer of NETosis. Ionomycin also consistently resulted in extrusion of DNA, albeit with a process that differs from the NETosis process induced by PMA. In our standardized experiments, living bacteria were also potent inducers of NETosis, but dead bacteria, LPS, (activated) platelets (supernatant) and glucose did not induce NETosis.
CONCLUSION
Our systematic review confirms that there is much variation in study design and results of NETosis induction. Our experimental results confirm that under standardized conditions, PMA, living bacteria and Ionomycin all strongly induce NETosis, but real-time confocal imaging reveal different courses of events.
Topics: Escherichia coli; Extracellular Traps; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Myocardium; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound Healing
PubMed: 28486563
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176472 -
Current Opinion in Microbiology Feb 2014Many intracellular bacterial pathogens reside within a membrane-bound compartment. The biogenesis of these vacuolar compartments is complex, involving subversion of host... (Review)
Review
Many intracellular bacterial pathogens reside within a membrane-bound compartment. The biogenesis of these vacuolar compartments is complex, involving subversion of host cell secretory pathways by bacterial proteins. In recent years it has become clear that disruption of vacuole biogenesis may result in membrane rupture and escape of bacteria into the host cell cytosol. Correct modulation of the host cell cytoskeleton, signalling molecules such as small GTPases and the lipids of the vacuole membrane have all been shown to be critical in the maintenance of vacuole integrity. Increasing evidence suggests that vacuole rupture may result from aberrant mechanical forces exerted on the vacuole, possibly due to a defect in vacuole expansion.
Topics: Bacteria; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Vacuoles
PubMed: 24581692
DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2013.11.005