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Biomedicines Sep 2022The tumor cells that drive classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), namely, Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, display hallmark features that include their rareness in... (Review)
Review
The tumor cells that drive classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), namely, Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, display hallmark features that include their rareness in contrast with an extensive and rich reactive microenvironment, their loss of B-cell phenotype markers, their immune escape capacity, and the activation of several key biological pathways, including the constitutive activation of the NFkB pathway. Both canonical and alternative pathways are deregulated by genetic alterations of their components or regulators, EBV infection and interaction with the microenvironment through multiple receptors, including CD30, CD40, BAFF, RANK and BCMA. Therefore, NFkB target genes are involved in apoptosis, cell proliferation, JAK/STAT pathway activation, B-cell marker expression loss, cellular interaction and a positive NFkB feedback loop. Targeting this complex pathway directly (NIK inhibitors) or indirectly (PIM, BTK or NOTCH) remains a challenge with potential therapeutic relevance. Nodular predominant HL (NLPHL), a distinct and rare HL subtype, shows a strong NFkB activity signature because of mechanisms that differ from those observed in cHL, which is discussed in this review.
PubMed: 36140254
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092153 -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Sep 2015
Topics: Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
PubMed: 26314773
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv304 -
The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics :... Mar 2018Authors' Reply to the Letter to the Editor by Y. Lynn Wang (MYD88 mutations and sensitivity to ibrutinib therapy).
Authors' Reply to the Letter to the Editor by Y. Lynn Wang (MYD88 mutations and sensitivity to ibrutinib therapy).
Topics: Adenine; Mutation; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines
PubMed: 29482771
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2017.12.001 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2018
Topics: Biomimetic Materials; Carbohydrates; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Design; Humans
PubMed: 29986502
DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071658 -
Bioactive Materials Apr 2021Polyurethanes (PUs) are a major family of polymers displaying a wide spectrum of physico-chemical, mechanical and structural properties for a large range of fields. They... (Review)
Review
Polyurethanes (PUs) are a major family of polymers displaying a wide spectrum of physico-chemical, mechanical and structural properties for a large range of fields. They have shown suitable for biomedical applications and are used in this domain since decades. The current variety of biomass available has extended the diversity of starting materials for the elaboration of new biobased macromolecular architectures, allowing the development of biobased PUs with advanced properties such as controlled biotic and abiotic degradation. In this frame, new tunable biomedical devices have been successfully designed. PU structures with precise tissue biomimicking can be obtained and are adequate for adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of many cell's types. Moreover, new smart shape-memory PUs with adjustable shape-recovery properties have demonstrated promising results for biomedical applications such as wound healing. The fossil-based starting materials substitution for biomedical implants is slowly improving, nonetheless better renewable contents need to be achieved for most PUs to obtain biobased certifications. After a presentation of some PU generalities and an understanding of a biomaterial structure-biocompatibility relationship, recent developments of biobased PUs for non-implantable devices as well as short- and long-term implants are described in detail in this review and compared to more conventional PU structures.
PubMed: 33102948
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.10.002 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2021
PubMed: 34456855
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.737556 -
Environmental Advances Jul 2022
PubMed: 35782591
DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100216 -
Biotechnology Advances 2020Polyurethanes (PU) are a family of versatile synthetic polymers intended for diverse applications. Biological degradation of PU is a blooming research domain as it... (Review)
Review
Polyurethanes (PU) are a family of versatile synthetic polymers intended for diverse applications. Biological degradation of PU is a blooming research domain as it contributes to the design of eco-friendly materials sensitive to biodegradation phenomena and the development of green recycling processes. In this field, an increasing number of studies deal with the discovery and characterization of enzymes and microorganisms able to degrade PU chains. The synthesis of short lifespan PU material sensitive to biological degradation is also of growing interest. Measurement of PU degradation can be performed by a wide range of analytical tools depending on the architecture of the materials and the biological entities. Recent developments of these analytical techniques allowed for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in PU biodegradation. Here, we reviewed the evaluation of biological PU degradation, including the required analytics. Advantages, drawbacks, specific uses, and results of these analytics are largely discussed to provide a critical overview and support future studies.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Biodegradation, Environmental; Polyurethanes; Recycling
PubMed: 31689471
DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107457 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2020Computed tomography (CT) has revolutionized external radiotherapy by making it possible to visualize and segment the tumors and the organs at risk in a three-dimensional... (Review)
Review
Computed tomography (CT) has revolutionized external radiotherapy by making it possible to visualize and segment the tumors and the organs at risk in a three-dimensional way. However, if CT is a now a standard, it presents some limitations, notably concerning tumor characterization and delineation. Its association with functional and anatomical images, that are positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surpasses its limits. This association can be in the form of a trimodality PET/CT/MRI. The objective of this mini-review is to describe the process of performing this PET/CT/MRI trimodality for radiotherapy and its potential clinical applications. Trimodality can be performed in two ways, either a PET/MRI fused to a planning CT (possibly with a pseudo-CT generated from the MRI for the planning), or a PET/CT fused to an MRI and then registered to a planning CT (possibly the CT of PET/CT if calibrated for radiotherapy). These examinations should be performed in the treatment position, and in the second case, a patient transfer system can be used between the PET/CT and MRI to limit movement. If trimodality requires adapted equipment, notably compatible MRI equipment with high-performance dedicated coils, it allows the advantages of the three techniques to be combined with a synergistic effect while limiting their disadvantages when carried out separately. Trimodality is already possible in clinical routine and can have a high clinical impact and good inter-observer agreement, notably for head and neck cancers, brain tumor, prostate cancer, cervical cancer.
PubMed: 33614497
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.614008 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2020Asymmetric transition-metal catalysis represents a fascinating challenge in the field of organic chemistry research. Since seminal advances in the late 60s, which were... (Review)
Review
Asymmetric transition-metal catalysis represents a fascinating challenge in the field of organic chemistry research. Since seminal advances in the late 60s, which were finally recognized by the Nobel Prize to Noyori, Sharpless and Knowles in 2001, the scientific community explored several approaches to emulate nature in producing chiral organic molecules. In a scenario that has been for a long time dominated by the use of late-transition metals (TM) catalysts, the use of 3d-TMs and particularly iron has found, recently, a widespread application. Indeed, the low toxicity and the earth-abundancy of iron, along with its chemical versatility, allowed for the development of unprecedented and more sustainable catalytic transformations. While several competent reviews tried to provide a complete picture of the astounding advances achieved in this area, within this review we aimed to survey the latest achievements and new concepts brought in the field of enantioselective iron-catalyzed transformations.
Topics: Catalysis; Chemistry, Organic; Iron; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 32858925
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173889