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Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Dec 2021
Topics: Humans; Liquid Biopsy; Medical Oncology
PubMed: 34815016
DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.215 -
Aging Jan 2017
Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Female; Humans; Mutation
PubMed: 28130553
DOI: 10.18632/aging.101165 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2021With their ten peripheral substituents, pillar[5]arenes are attractive compact scaffolds for the construction of nanomaterials with a controlled number of functional... (Review)
Review
With their ten peripheral substituents, pillar[5]arenes are attractive compact scaffolds for the construction of nanomaterials with a controlled number of functional groups distributed around the macrocyclic core. This review paper is focused on the functionalization of pillar[5]arene derivatives with small dendrons to generate dendrimer-like nanomaterials and bioactive compounds. Examples include non-viral gene vectors, bioactive glycoclusters, and liquid-crystalline materials.
Topics: Calixarenes; Dendrimers; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Models, Molecular; Nanostructures; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 33919656
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082358 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) comprised more than 30 rare heterogeneous entities, representing 10 to 15% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although their diagnosis is... (Review)
Review
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) comprised more than 30 rare heterogeneous entities, representing 10 to 15% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although their diagnosis is still mainly based on clinical, pathological, and phenotypic features, molecular studies have allowed for a better understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms involved and the refinement of many PTCL entities in the recently updated classifications. The prognosis remains poor for most entities (5-year overall survival < 30%), with current conventional therapies based on anthracyclin-based polychemotherapy regimen, despite many years of clinical trials. The recent use of new targeted therapies appears to be promising for relapsed/refractory patients, such as demethylating agents in T-follicular helper (TFH) PTCL. However further studies are needed to evaluate the proper combination of these drugs in the setting of front-line therapy. In this review, we will summarize the oncogenic events for the main PTCL entities and report the molecular targets that have led to the development of new therapies. We will also discuss the development of innovative high throughput technologies that aid the routine workflow for the histopathological diagnosis and management of PTCL patients.
PubMed: 37427095
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1202964 -
Acta Neuropathologica Communications Nov 2020The clinical implications of plasmatic cell-free and tumor DNA (cfDNA and ctDNA) are challenging in glioblastoma. This prospective study included 52 consecutive newly...
The clinical implications of plasmatic cell-free and tumor DNA (cfDNA and ctDNA) are challenging in glioblastoma. This prospective study included 52 consecutive newly diagnosed glioblastoma (n = 49) or gliosarcoma (n = 3) patients treated with concomitant temozolomide and radiotherapy (RT-TMZ), followed by a TMZ maintenance phase. Plasma samples were collected at baseline, before RT-TMZ (pre-RT-TMZ) and at the end of adjuvant TMZ, or at the time of progression in cases of progressive disease (PD). The cfDNA concentration was measured with a fluorometric method, and ctDNA was detected using targeted droplet digital PCR. The main objectives were to analyze the associations between cfDNA and ctDNA measurements during the course of treatment with PD and survival. There was a significant decrease in median cfDNA concentration from baseline to pre-RT-TMZ-19.4 versus 9.7 ng/mL (p < 0.0001)-in the entire cohort. In patients with PD, a significant increase in cfDNA concentration from pre-RT-TMZ to time of PD was observed, from 9.7 versus 13.1 ng/mL (p = 0.037), respectively, while no difference was observed for nonprogressive patients. Neither the cfDNA concentration at baseline nor its kinetics correlated with survival. ctDNA was detected in 2 patients (3.8%) and only in gliosarcoma subtypes.Trial registration ClinicalTrial, NCT02617745. Registered 1 December 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02617745?term=glioplak&draw=2&rank=1 .
Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Brain Neoplasms; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; Chemoradiotherapy; Circulating Tumor DNA; Female; Glioblastoma; Gliosarcoma; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Neurosurgical Procedures; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Telomerase; Temozolomide
PubMed: 33148330
DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01057-7 -
Metabolic Engineering Jul 2021Over 359 million tons of plastics were produced worldwide in 2018, with significant growth expected in the near future, resulting in the global challenge of end-of-life...
Over 359 million tons of plastics were produced worldwide in 2018, with significant growth expected in the near future, resulting in the global challenge of end-of-life management. The recent identification of enzymes that degrade plastics previously considered non-biodegradable opens up opportunities to steer the plastic recycling industry into the realm of biotechnology. Here, the sequential conversion of post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into two types of bioplastics is presented: a medium chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and a novel bio-based poly(amide urethane) (bio-PU). PET films are hydrolyzed by a thermostable polyester hydrolase yielding highly pure terephthalate and ethylene glycol. The obtained hydrolysate is used directly as a feedstock for a terephthalate-degrading Pseudomonas umsongensis GO16, also evolved to efficiently metabolize ethylene glycol, to produce PHA. The strain is further modified to secrete hydroxyalkanoyloxy-alkanoates (HAAs), which are used as monomers for the chemo-catalytic synthesis of bio-PU. In short, a novel value-chain for PET upcycling is shown that circumvents the costly purification of PET monomers, adding technological flexibility to the global challenge of end-of-life management of plastics.
Topics: Hydrolases; Plastics; Polyethylene Terephthalates; Pseudomonas
PubMed: 33865980
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.03.011 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2023Tumor hypoxia is a complex and evolving phenomenon both in time and space. Molecular imaging allows to approach these variations, but the tracers used have their own... (Review)
Review
Tumor hypoxia is a complex and evolving phenomenon both in time and space. Molecular imaging allows to approach these variations, but the tracers used have their own limitations. PET imaging has the disadvantage of low resolution and must take into account molecular biodistribution, but has the advantage of high targeting accuracy. The relationship between the signal in MRI imaging and oxygen is complex but hopefully it would lead to the detection of truly oxygen-depleted tissue. Different ways of imaging hypoxia are discussed in this review, with nuclear medicine tracers such as [F]-FMISO, [F]-FAZA, or [Cu]-ATSM but also with MRI techniques such as perfusion imaging, diffusion MRI or oxygen-enhanced MRI. Hypoxia is a pejorative factor regarding aggressiveness, tumor dissemination and resistance to treatments. Therefore, having accurate tools is particularly important.
PubMed: 36844199
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1055062 -
Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 2020While aiming at sustainable organic synthesis, over the last decade particular attention has been focused on two modern fields, C-H bond activation, and... (Review)
Review
While aiming at sustainable organic synthesis, over the last decade particular attention has been focused on two modern fields, C-H bond activation, and visible-light-induced photocatalysis. Couplings through C-H bond activation involve the use of non-prefunctionalized substrates that are directly converted into more complex molecules, without the need of a previous functionalization, thus considerably reduce waste generation and a number of synthetic steps. In parallel, transformations involving photoredox catalysis promote radical reactions in the absence of radical initiators. They are conducted under particularly mild conditions while using the visible light as a cheap and economic energy source. In this way, these strategies follow the requirements of environment-friendly chemistry. Regarding intrinsic advantages as well as the complementary mode of action of the two catalytic transformations previously introduced, their merging in a synergistic dual catalytic system is extremely appealing. In that perspective, the scope of this review aims to present innovative reactions combining C-H activation and visible-light induced photocatalysis.
PubMed: 32765795
DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.147 -
Cancers Mar 2021Glioblastoma, the most frequent and aggressive primary malignant tumor, often presents with alterations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter. Telomerase is... (Review)
Review
Glioblastoma, the most frequent and aggressive primary malignant tumor, often presents with alterations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter. Telomerase is responsible for the maintenance of telomere length to avoid cell death. Telomere lengthening is required for cancer cell survival and has led to the investigation of telomerase activity as a potential mechanism that enables cancer growth. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the available data concerning alterations and glioblastoma in terms of incidence, physiopathological understanding, and potential therapeutic implications.
PubMed: 33800183
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051147 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 20203d transition metals-catalyzed C-H bond functionalizations represent nowadays an important tool in organic synthesis, appearing as the most promising alternative to... (Review)
Review
3d transition metals-catalyzed C-H bond functionalizations represent nowadays an important tool in organic synthesis, appearing as the most promising alternative to cross-coupling reactions. Among 3d transition metals, iron found widespread application due to its availability and benign nature, and it was established as an efficient catalyst in organic synthesis. In this context, the use of -orientating directing groups (DGs) turned out to be necessary for promoting selective iron-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions. Very recently, triazoles DGs were demonstrated to be more than an excellent alternative to the commonly employed 8-aminoquinoline (AQ) DG, as a result of their modular synthesis as well as the mild reaction conditions applied for their removal. In addition, their tunable geometry and electronics allowed for new unprecedented reactivities in iron-catalyzed C-H activation methodologies that will be summarized within this review.
Topics: Alkadienes; Alkylation; Alkynes; Carbon; Catalysis; Hydrogen; Iron; Triazoles
PubMed: 32326406
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081806