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National Vital Statistics Reports :... Aug 2012This report presents 2010 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented for maternal characteristics including age, live-birth...
OBJECTIVES
This report presents 2010 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented for maternal characteristics including age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, attendant at birth, method of delivery, and infant characteristics (period of gestation, birthweight, and plurality). Birth and fertility rates by age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, and marital status also are presented. Selected data by mother's state of residence are shown, as well as birth rates by age and race of father. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted.
METHODS
Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 4.0 million births that occurred in 2010 are presented. Denominators for population-based rates are postcensal estimates derived from the U.S. 2010 census.
RESULTS
The number of births declined to 3,999,386 in 2010, 3 percent less than in 2009. The general fertility rate also declined 3 percent, to 64.1 per 1,000 women aged 15-44. The teen birth rate fell 10 percent to 34.2 per 1,000. Birth rates for women in each 5-year age group from 20 through 39 years declined, but the rate for women aged 40-44 continued to rise. The total fertility rate (estimated number of births over a woman's lifetime) was down 4 percent to 1,931 per 1,000 women. The number, rate, and percentage of births to unmarried women declined. The cesarean deliver rate was down for the first year since 1996 to 32.8 percent. The preterm birth rate declines for the fourth year in a row to 11.99 percent; the low birthweight rate was stable at 8.15 percent. The twin birth rate declined slightly to 33.1 per 1,000 births; the triplet and higer-order multipe birth rate dropped 10 percent to 137.6 per 100,000.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Birth Certificates; Birth Rate; Birth Weight; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Geography; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Male; Marital Status; Maternal Age; Middle Aged; Multiple Birth Offspring; National Center for Health Statistics, U.S.; Paternal Age; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Adolescence; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 24974589
DOI: No ID Found -
JAMAThe likelihood of achieving a live birth with repeat in vitro fertilization (IVF) is unclear, yet treatment is commonly limited to 3 or 4 embryo transfers.
IMPORTANCE
The likelihood of achieving a live birth with repeat in vitro fertilization (IVF) is unclear, yet treatment is commonly limited to 3 or 4 embryo transfers.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the live-birth rate per initiated ovarian stimulation IVF cycle and with repeated cycles.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Prospective study of 156,947 UK women who received 257,398 IVF ovarian stimulation cycles between 2003 and 2010 and were followed up until June 2012.
EXPOSURES
In vitro fertilization, with a cycle defined as an episode of ovarian stimulation and all subsequent separate fresh and frozen embryo transfers.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Live-birth rate per IVF cycle and the cumulative live-birth rates across all cycles in all women and by age and treatment type. Optimal, prognosis-adjusted, and conservative cumulative live-birth rates were estimated, reflecting 0%, 30%, and 100%, respectively, of women who discontinued due to poor prognosis and having a live-birth rate of 0 had they continued.
RESULTS
Among the 156,947 women, the median age at start of treatment was 35 years (interquartile range, 32-38; range, 18-55), and the median duration of infertility for all 257,398 cycles was 4 years (interquartile range, 2-6; range, <1-29). In all women, the live-birth rate for the first cycle was 29.5% (95% CI, 29.3%-29.7%). This remained above 20% up to and including the fourth cycle. The cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate across all cycles continued to increase up to the ninth cycle, with 65.3% (95% CI, 64.8%-65.8%) of women achieving a live birth by the sixth cycle. In women younger than 40 years using their own oocytes, the live-birth rate for the first cycle was 32.3% (95% CI, 32.0%-32.5%) and remained above 20% up to and including the fourth cycle. Six cycles achieved a cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate of 68.4% (95% CI, 67.8%-68.9%). For women aged 40 to 42 years, the live-birth rate for the first cycle was 12.3% (95% CI, 11.8%-12.8%), with 6 cycles achieving a cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate of 31.5% (95% CI, 29.7%-33.3%). For women older than 42 years, all rates within each cycle were less than 4%. No age differential was observed among women using donor oocytes. Rates were lower for women with untreated male partner-related infertility compared with those with any other cause, but treatment with either intracytoplasmic sperm injection or sperm donation removed this difference.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Among women in the United Kingdom undergoing IVF, the cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate after 6 cycles was 65.3%, with variations by age and treatment type. These findings support the efficacy of extending the number of IVF cycles beyond 3 or 4.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Birth Rate; Embryo Transfer; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Infertility, Male; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Ovulation Induction; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Semen; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Tissue Donors; Young Adult
PubMed: 26717030
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.17296 -
Preventive Veterinary Medicine Apr 2016The present paper summarizes a comprehensive retrospective study that was undertaken to investigate effects of meteorological factors and lunar cycle on gestation length...
The present paper summarizes a comprehensive retrospective study that was undertaken to investigate effects of meteorological factors and lunar cycle on gestation length and daily birth rate in cows. To this end, all cattle births in Switzerland between 2008 and 2010 (n=2,091,159) were related to detailed matched weather recordings. The study revealed some statistically significant effects of climate (temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity) and weather (thunderstorms, heat index) on gestational length. Thunderstorms on the day before birth reduced the gestation length by 0.5 days. An increase in the birth rate was correlated with the temperature on the day before birth and the barometric pressure 3 days before birth. Differences in the barometric pressure >15hPa increased the birth rate by 4%. Nevertheless, the effects were not consistent and the modeled size of effect was so small that a clinical implication is unlikely. Although the daily birth rate was unevenly distributed across the lunar cycle, no clear pattern could be identified. Compared to the mean birth rate across the lunar cycle the highest daily birth rate was detected on day 4 after new moon (+1.9%) and the lowest on day 20 (-2.1%).
Topics: Animals; Birth Rate; Cattle; Female; Gestational Age; Moon; Parturition; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Weather
PubMed: 26848114
DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.01.018 -
The Eugenics Review Apr 1946
Topics: Birth Rate; Netherlands; Vital Statistics
PubMed: 20982104
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Ayub Medical College,... 2016Forecasting of health indicators is of great importance for health policy makers. This study is aimed to forecast some important health indicators like crude death rate...
BACKGROUND
Forecasting of health indicators is of great importance for health policy makers. This study is aimed to forecast some important health indicators like crude death rate (CDR), crude birth rate (CBR), and infant mortality rate (IMR) and total fertility rate (TFR) of Pakistan.
METHODS
In this retrolective study, annual data of these indicators for years 1984-2010 have been used. The simple linear regression model with time as independent variable has been used to forecast these health indicators.
RESULTS
The within-sample forecast results are close enough to the actual values. All the forecast values of the stated indicators tend to decrease with time. The forecast values of CDR, CBR, IMR and TFR for year 2020 are 12.85, 5.61, 43.61 and 0.93, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the forecast values show an improvement in health indicators of Pakistan but the IMR is expected to remain high even in 2020, a concern for the health policy makers.
Topics: Birth Rate; Humans; Infant; Infant Mortality; Linear Models; Mortality; Pakistan; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 28712224
DOI: No ID Found -
Anales de Pediatria Dec 2020To investigate the influence of external factors such as lunar and meteorological effects on the frequency of birth deliveries. It includes the lunar gravitational force...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the influence of external factors such as lunar and meteorological effects on the frequency of birth deliveries. It includes the lunar gravitational force using the scarcely investigated lunar apogee and perigee (furthest and closest distance to earth, respectively).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all spontaneous single deliveries during a 4 year period (2015-2018). A statistical analysis was performed on the relationship of the deliveries using birth rates with qualitative lunar variables (four classic phases, lunar apogee- perigee, and super moons) and quantitative atmospheric variables (mean atmospheric pressures, mean temperature, and mean wind velocity).
RESULTS
No relationship was found between the variables studied and the birth rate. There were periods with more births in the months of May and June.
CONCLUSION
Despite the myth on the meteorological, and in particular, the lunar influence on birth deliveries, no statistical association was found to support this. Furthermore, the classic moon phases and the lunar gravitational force do not seem to trigger birth delivery either.
Topics: Birth Rate; Female; Humans; Moon; Parturition; Periodicity; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32278668
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.007 -
Reproductive Biomedicine Online Apr 2021How do cumulative live birth rates (CLBR), cumulative multiple live birth rates (CMLBR) and dropout rates over six IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
RESEARCH QUESTION
How do cumulative live birth rates (CLBR), cumulative multiple live birth rates (CMLBR) and dropout rates over six IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles change over time?
DESIGN
Prospective longitudinal cohort (n = 16,073 patients; 48,946 cycles) starting a first fresh assisted reproductive technology cycle between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2016, with follow-up until 31 December 2017. Outcomes between the periods 2014-2017 and 2009-2012 were compared.
RESULTS
Conservative estimates of CLBR after six complete cycles were significantly higher in women younger than 35 years after every cycle: one to three, adjusted P-value [p adj] < 0.0001; four, p = 0.01; five, p adj = 0.03; six, p adj = 0.04) and after the first cycle in women aged 35-37 years (p adj = 0.04) in 2014-2017 versus 2009-2012. For an optimal estimate, the CLBR was significantly higher after the first three cycles in women younger than 35 years (all p adj < 0.0001) and after the first cycle in women aged 35-37 years (p adj = 0.04). The CMLBR rate decreased from 5.1% ± 0.19 (SE) to 4.1% ± 0.16 for the conservative estimate and from 8.6% ±0.37 (SE) to 6.7% ± 0.30 for the optimal estimate after six complete cycles for the whole cohort. Dropout rates of complete cycles were 26.5% 29.4%, 33.4%, 38.9% and 47.3% after the first to fifth cycle, respectively. Compared with 2009-2012, the dropout rate in the current period was significantly higher for the first (P < 0.0001) and second (P = 0.0124) cycle.
CONCLUSION
Over six complete IVF/ICSI cycles, CLBR and dropout rates increased and multiple live birth rates decreased when 2014-2017 was compared with 2009-2012.
Topics: Birth Rate; Female; Humans; Patient Dropouts; Prospective Studies; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
PubMed: 33518469
DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.01.005 -
Fertility and Sterility Sep 2018
Topics: Birth Rate; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Oocytes; Ovulation Induction; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
PubMed: 30196952
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.030 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2021Declining fertility is a key driver behind the rapid aging of populations worldwide. Finland has experienced a 25% decline in fertility from 2010 to date and ranks low...
Declining fertility is a key driver behind the rapid aging of populations worldwide. Finland has experienced a 25% decline in fertility from 2010 to date and ranks low even on the European and Nordic scales. This study aimed to address the association between sociodemographic indicators and birth rate (i.e., live births relative to total population) in Finland. Open data on 310 Finnish municipalities were retrieved from the public database of Statistics Finland. Several sociodemographic subdimensions (population structure, education and income, location and living, divorces, car ownership rate, and crime rate), each converted to standard deviation units, were modeled against birth rate at the municipality level using generalized estimating equations. In this dataset, average annual birth rate was 8.8 per 1,000 individuals. Birth rate was positively associated with change in population size (rate ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.08), percentage of <15-year-olds (1.29, 1.22-1.36), percentage of individuals living in their birth municipality (1.05, 1.03-1.08), and percentage of foreign language speakers (1.02, 1.01-1.04). In contrast, birth rate was negatively associated with percentage of ≥65-year-olds (0.90, 0.85-0.96), percentage of unemployed individuals (0.98. 0.95-0.99), income (0.92, 0.89-0.96), and number of individuals living in the same household unit (0.94, 0.90-0.98). The present findings are expected to advance the allocation of resources to areas and subpopulations that have high or low birth rate, and thus contribute to the development of a more family-friendly society. Future studies are encouraged to evaluate the sociodemographic indicators of birth rate in other low fertility countries, and to address the individual-level mechanisms behind the municipality-level associations identified in this study.
Topics: Birth Rate; Cities; Fertility; Finland; Humans; Language
PubMed: 33968881
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.643561 -
BMC Medicine Sep 2020The universal two-child policy in China which was announced in October 2015 might affect the caesarean birth rate. Few studies reported the caesarean birth rate affected...
BACKGROUND
The universal two-child policy in China which was announced in October 2015 might affect the caesarean birth rate. Few studies reported the caesarean birth rate affected by the policy especially after the universal two-child policy period. This study aimed to demonstrate the caesarean birth rate changes before and after the universal two-child policy and further elaborate the underlying influencing factors.
METHODS
This nationwide, retrospective, population-based study was based on National Free Pre-Pregnancy Check-ups Project (NFPCP). Couples planning to conceive in next 6 months were encouraged to participate in NFPCP. Baseline information was collected using a standardized questionnaire with a face-to-face interview, and medical examinations were conducted. Two rounds of follow-up interviews were then conducted by trained nurses to update pregnancy status and outcomes. NFPCP participants who completed deliveries before December 31, 2018, were included in the current study. We used marginal effect of year to examine the trend of caesarean birth rate over time and interrupted time series (ITS) analysis to determine impacts of the universal two-child policy on the trend of caesarean birth rate.
RESULTS
A total of 9,398,045 participants were included in the final analysis. High-risk factors to increase caesarean birth rate were identified. In the current study, the standardized caesarean birth rate declined from 34.1% in 2013 to 31.8% in 2015 and increased to 35.6% in 2018. ITS analysis showed the caesarean birth rate decreased by 0.1% (95% CI 0.1-0.1) per month before the release of universal two-child policy, 1.3% (95% CI 0.6-2.1%) absolute drop during the policy release month, and increased by 0.2% (95% CI 0.1-0.2%) per month after the policy implementation. For the period after the policy release, the increasing trends were observed in rural participants and urban primiparas. The prevalence of caesarean birth rates within China varied regionally.
CONCLUSIONS
The decreasing trend of caesarean birth rate was reported after immediate release of the universal two-child policy. An increasing trend of caesarean birth rate was observed 2-3 years after the policy. It reminds us that the caesarean birth rate control is a long-lasting process and all the strategies need to be continually reinforced.
Topics: Adult; Birth Rate; Cesarean Section; China; Female; History, 21st Century; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Policy; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 32928217
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01714-7