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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Sep 2013Vaccine formulations on the basis of nano- (NP) or microparticles (MP) can solve issues with stabilization, controlled release, and poor immunogenicity of antigens.... (Review)
Review
Vaccine formulations on the basis of nano- (NP) or microparticles (MP) can solve issues with stabilization, controlled release, and poor immunogenicity of antigens. Likewise transcutaneous immunization (TCI) promises superior immunogenicity as well as the advantages of needle-free application compared with conventional intramuscular injections. Thus the combination of both strategies seems to be a very valuable approach. However, until now TCI using particle based vaccine formulations has made no impact on medical practice. One of the main difficulties is that NPs and MPs cannot penetrate the skin to an extent that would allow the application of the required dose of antigen. This is due to the formidable stratum corneum (SC) barrier, the limited amount of antigen in the formulation and often an insufficient immunogenicity. A multitude of strategies are currently under investigation to overcome these issues. We highlight selected methods presenting a spectrum of solutions ranging from transfollicular delivery, to devices disrupting the SC barrier and the combination of particle based vaccines with adjuvants discussing their advantages and shortcomings. Some of these are currently at an experimental state while others are already in clinical testing. All methods have been shown to be capable of transcutaneous antigen delivery.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Humans; Immunization; Nanoparticles; Vaccines
PubMed: 23778884
DOI: 10.4161/hv.25217 -
International Journal of Clinical... Jan 2014Epidermal nevi are hamartomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal structures, and may be associated with serious disfiguration. Germline...
Epidermal nevi are hamartomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal structures, and may be associated with serious disfiguration. Germline mutations in the FGFR3 gene have found to be the etiology of epidermal nevus. Patients often seek treatment from dermatologic surgeons but even an alert dentist can help to diagnose the lesion from its clinical appearance. Various treatment modalities are available and it is the clinician's choice to choose depending upon the patient's condition. How to cite this article: Arora B, Khinda VIS, Bajaj N, Brar GS. Congenital Epidermal Nevus. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(1): 43-46.
PubMed: 25206237
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1232 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Aug 1957
Topics: Dermabrasion; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans
PubMed: 13465740
DOI: No ID Found -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Aug 1957
Topics: Dermabrasion; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans
PubMed: 13465739
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2021Darier disease (DD) is a rare type of inherited keratinizing disorder with no definitive therapeutic approach. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed... (Review)
Review
Darier disease (DD) is a rare type of inherited keratinizing disorder with no definitive therapeutic approach. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed literature review of all the available treatment modalities of Darier disease, including those that are both surgical and non surgical, to compare their efficacies and to propose a novel therapeutic approach. A complete search of the literature for all articles describing the different treatments of Darier disease, with no restrictions on patients' ages, gender or nationalities, was performed with the use of PubMed. A total of 68 articles were included in the study: 3 prospective studies, 44 case reports/case series and 21 letters/correspondences/clinical images. The treatments described were topical, oral or physical. Retinoids (isotretinoin, tazarotene and adapalene) and fluorouracil were the two most effective topical treatments. Oral retinoids were the most effective oral therapy and were prescribed in the cases of generalized Darier disease. For localized and resistant skin lesions, physical therapies including surgical excision, dermabrasion and CO2 laser ablation were the first line choices. Limitations of this article include the inability to verify the accuracy of the published data, the relatively small sample size, the absence of randomized controlled clinical trials and possible unidentified confounding factors in various studies. In every therapeutic approach to Darier disease, consideration of patient comorbidities, disease distribution, severity and treatment accessibility is essential. Large and randomized clinical trials are necessary for the comparison of the efficacy and the safety of all the treatments of Darier disease and settling a consensus for management.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Algorithms; Botulinum Toxins; Cetirizine; Cyclosporine; Darier Disease; Dermabrasion; Diclofenac; Dihydroxycholecalciferols; Doxycycline; Drug Combinations; Electrosurgery; Ethinyl Estradiol; Fatty Acids; Fluorouracil; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Lasers; Levonorgestrel; Magnesium Chloride; Naltrexone; Photochemotherapy; Retinoids; Tacrolimus
PubMed: 33580925
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_963_19 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology Mar 2014Familial benign chronic pemphigus or Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of recurrent blisters and...
Familial benign chronic pemphigus or Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of recurrent blisters and erosions in the intertriginous areas. Various topical and systemic treatment options include corticosteroids, topical 5-fluorouracil, topical vitamin D analogs, topical zinc oxide, dapsone, psoralen plus ultraviolet A, systemic retinoids, cyclosporine, methotrexate, and photodynamic therapy. In recalcitrant cases, further options including, invasive methods such as grenz ray therapy, carbon dioxide laser abrasion, and erbium: YAG laser ablation, dermabrasion, electron beam therapy, botulinum toxin, and full-thickness excision of affected skin with repair by split-thickness grafting have been reported as useful in treatment of HHD. We describe a case of HHD who was treated with several treatment modalities including antibiotics, corticosteroids, and dapsone earlier and when presented to us had a severe recalcitrant disease. Thalidomide, as a modality of treatment has been successfully used in few cases earlier. Our patient responded well to thalidomide.
PubMed: 24700941
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.127684 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas 2020
Topics: Dermabrasion; Self-Injurious Behavior; Skin
PubMed: 32401724
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.03.017 -
JRSM Open Sep 2014Atrophic scars cause significant patient morbidity. Whilst there is evidence to guide treatment, there does not appear to be a systematic review to analyse the efficacy... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Atrophic scars cause significant patient morbidity. Whilst there is evidence to guide treatment, there does not appear to be a systematic review to analyse the efficacy of treatment options.
OBJECTIVES
To retrieve all evidence relating to atrophic scar treatment and evaluate using the Clinical Evidence GRADE score in order to allow clinicians to make evidence-based treatment choices.
METHOD
Searches were performed in Medline, EMBASE, CINHL and Cochrane to identify all English studies published evaluating treatment of atrophic scars on adults excluding journal letters. Each study was allocated a GRADE score based on type of study, quality, dose response, consistency of results and significance of results. The end score allowed categorisation of evidence into high, moderate, low or very low quality.
RESULTS
A total of 41 studies were retrieved from searches including randomised controlled trials, observational studies, retrospective analyses and case reports of which 7% were allocated a high-quality score, 10% a moderate score, 7% a low score and 75% a very low score. Treatment modalities included ablative laser therapy, non-ablative laser therapy, autologous fat transfer, dermabrasion, chemical peels, injectables, subcision, tretinoin iontophoresis and combination therapy.
CONCLUSION
There is a paucity of good-quality clinical evidence evaluating treatment modalities for atrophic scarring. Evidence supports efficacy of laser, surgery and peel therapy. Further biomolecular research is required to identify targeted treatment options and more randomised controlled trials would make the evidence base for atrophic scar treatment more robust.
PubMed: 25352991
DOI: 10.1177/2054270414540139 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Jan 2015Scarring is an unfortunate and frequent complication of acne, resulting in significant psychological distress for patients. Fortunately, numerous treatment options exist... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Scarring is an unfortunate and frequent complication of acne, resulting in significant psychological distress for patients. Fortunately, numerous treatment options exist for acne scarring.
OBJECTIVES
To extensively review the literature on treatment options for atrophic acne scarring.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the following topics: dermabrasion, subcision, punch techniques, chemical peels, tissue augmentation, and lasers.
RESULTS
The literature supports the use of various treatment modalities; superior results may be achieved when multiple modalities are combined for a multi-step approach to scarring.
CONCLUSION
The safety and efficacy of various treatment devices for acne scarring is well established, but there is a paucity of split-face trials comparing modalities.
PubMed: 25610524
DOI: No ID Found -
Anesthesiology Sep 2007
Topics: Adhesives; Administration, Topical; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bandages; Benzoyl Peroxide; Bone Neoplasms; Catheter Ablation; Dermatologic Agents; Desonide; Drug Eruptions; Erythema; Facial Injuries; Humans; Male; Osteoma; Prone Position
PubMed: 17721261
DOI: 10.1097/01.anes.0000278863.84694.34