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Frontiers in Immunology 2024Previously, we reported an anti-inflammatory effect of mTORC1 in a mouse model of type 2 skin inflammation. TSLP, one of the epithelial cell-derived cytokines, was...
Previously, we reported an anti-inflammatory effect of mTORC1 in a mouse model of type 2 skin inflammation. TSLP, one of the epithelial cell-derived cytokines, was upregulated by Raptor deficiency or rapamycin treatment, which was inhibited by dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). However, it remains unclear how DMOG regulates TSLP expression and type 2 skin inflammation. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of DMOG on MC903 (calcipotriol)-induced type 2 skin inflammation. Morphological and immunological changes were assessed by H-E staining, flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. DMOG treatment attenuated MC903-induced skin inflammation in a T cell-independent manner. The anti-inflammatory effect of DMOG was accompanied by downregulation of TSLP and IL-33, and supplementation with recombinant TSLP and IL-33 abolished the effect of DMOG. MC903 increased ROS levels in skin tissue, which was prevented by DMOG. Furthermore, the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) downregulated TSLP and ameliorated MC903-induced skin inflammation, as did DMOG. Finally, the effect of DMOG on ROS and TSLP was reduced by HIF knockdown. These results suggest that DMOG downregulates TSLP and ROS through the HIF pathway, which reduces MC903-induced skin inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Prolyl Hydroxylases; Interleukin-33; Reactive Oxygen Species; Dermatitis; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Inflammation; Calcitriol
PubMed: 38495889
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330011 -
Experimental Dermatology Nov 2012HTLV-1-associated infective dermatitis (HAID) is the main paediatric manifestation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). It is characterised by a chronic... (Review)
Review
HTLV-1-associated infective dermatitis (HAID) is the main paediatric manifestation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). It is characterised by a chronic exudative eczematous eruption and persistent infection with Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and beta-haemolytic streptococci (BHS). Prevalence is highest in the Caribbean and Brazil; however, cases have been reported in other HTLV-1 endemic regions. Approximately 20 million people worldwide are infected with HTLV-1 and only 5-10% suffer from disease. Other manifestations include adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). HAID may also progress to ATLL or TSP/HAM. Treatment options are limited to prolonged antibiotic therapy. The aim of this paper is to review existing evidence and propose new theories on the pathogenesis of HAID. The current view is that HTLV-1 infection is required and in susceptible individuals leads to immune dysregulation with subsequent immunosuppression and superinfection with SA and BHS. Evidence suggests that host, environment and genetic factors may play a causative role. Genetic factors within ethnic groups determine host immune response and carrier state or disease manifestation of HTLV-1 infection. Increased IgE levels may contribute to the SA and BHS superinfection in HAID. Additionally, the possible impact of filaggrin, skin proteinase dysregulation, Langerhans cell dysfunction and TH2 chemokines is highlighted. More than 45 years since the discovery of HAID, the exact pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Further research is still needed to clearly elucidate the exact pathogenic mechanism of HAID.
Topics: Dermatitis; Filaggrin Proteins; HTLV-I Infections; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Risk Factors; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections
PubMed: 23163646
DOI: 10.1111/exd.12007 -
International Wound Journal Oct 2020
Topics: Dermatitis; Foot; Humans; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas Infections; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Toes
PubMed: 32347638
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13386 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Jan 2013Skin diseases affecting the hands receive particular individual attention and constitute a considerable emotional burden. Many dermatoses also present with itching of... (Review)
Review
Skin diseases affecting the hands receive particular individual attention and constitute a considerable emotional burden. Many dermatoses also present with itching of the hands. Itch is often underestimated when it occurs in a comparably limited body area such as the hands. The high occupational significance of the hands in many professions must, nevertheless, be stressed. One of the most frequent diagnoses in itching of the hands is eczema. In the differential diagnosis, less common diseases such as neurological and systemic diseases and adverse drug reactions must also be taken into consideration. Itching of the hands can also be accompanied by other sensations, such as burning, stinging and pain. A thorough history regarding sensations and dysesthesias already allows for a diagnostic classification of the disease in some cases. Itching of the hands requires a careful and thorough diagnostic approach. This forms the basis of a specific and successful therapy which may be adapted stepwise, depending on the underlying cause, and also may require, in addition to causal therapy, symptomatic antipruritic therapy. Therapy should follow the current guidelines for chronic pruritus and hand eczema. This article reviews over the differential diagnosis and therapy of "itching hands".
Topics: Dermatitis, Occupational; Diagnosis, Differential; Eczema; Hand Dermatoses; Humans
PubMed: 23176572
DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2012.08002.x -
Journal of Dairy Science May 1997Bovine lactic acidosis syndrome is associated with large increases of lactic acid in the rumen, which result from diets that are high in ruminally available... (Review)
Review
Bovine lactic acidosis syndrome is associated with large increases of lactic acid in the rumen, which result from diets that are high in ruminally available carbohydrates, or forage that is low in effective fiber, or both. The syndrome involves two separate anatomical areas, the gastrointestinal tract and body fluids, and is related to the rate and extent of lactic acid production, utilization, and absorption. Clinical manifestations range from loss of appetite to death. Lactic acid accumulates in the rumen when the bacteria that synthesize lactic acid outnumber those that utilize lactic acid. The systemic impact of acidosis may have several physiological implications, including laminitis, a diffuse aseptic inflammation of the laminae (corium). Although a nutritional basis for the disease exists, etiology includes a multitude of interactive factors, such as metabolic and digestive disorders, postpartum stress, and localized trauma, which lead to the release of vasoactive substances that trigger mechanisms that cause degenerative changes in the foot. The severity of laminitis is related to the frequency, intensity, and duration of systemic acidotic insults on the mechanisms responsible for the release of vasoactive substance. The critical link between acidosis and laminitis appears to be associated with a persistent hypoperfusion, which results in ischemia in the digit. Management of acidosis is critical in preventing laminitis. High producing dairy herds attempting to maximize energy intake are continually confronted with subclinical acidosis and laminitis. Management of feeding and husbandry practices can be implemented to reduce incidence of disease.
Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dermatitis; Dietary Carbohydrates; Foot Diseases; Hoof and Claw; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactic Acid; Rumen
PubMed: 9178142
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76026-0 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology May 2019From June 28-30, 2018, a course entitled "Skin Inflammation in Human Health and Disease: 2018 International Conference" was held in Boston, Massachusetts. In attendance... (Review)
Review
From June 28-30, 2018, a course entitled "Skin Inflammation in Human Health and Disease: 2018 International Conference" was held in Boston, Massachusetts. In attendance were 107 physicians and scientists from 12 countries. This course was organized by Drs. Rachael Clark, John O'Malley, and Hans Widlund of the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Human Skin Disease Resource Center, Harvard Medical School (Boston, MA). The key findings reported at the meeting are summarized here.
Topics: Boston; Congresses as Topic; Dermatitis; Dermatologists; Female; Health Status; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Internationality; Male; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 30684557
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.01.009 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Feb 2008The precise nature of the link between stress and exacerbation of skin inflammation has puzzled researchers and clinicians alike. The traditional explanation is that... (Review)
Review
The precise nature of the link between stress and exacerbation of skin inflammation has puzzled researchers and clinicians alike. The traditional explanation is that immune balance is altered by activation of two stress axes: activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis raises cortisol levels, and activation of the sympathetic nervous systems raises adrenaline levels (Figure 1). In this issue, Pavlovic et al. (2008) provide evidence for a third stress axis and report that stress travels to the skin through peripheral neuropeptidergic nerve fibers and exacerbates the neurogenic inflammatory aspect of cutaneous dermatitis. Clarification of the role of this alternative stress axis may enable the design of novel therapeutic strategies.
Topics: Dermatitis; Humans; Neuroimmunomodulation; Skin; Sympathetic Nervous System
PubMed: 18195741
DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5701171 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Inflammatory skin diseases highlight inflammation as a central driver of skin pathologies, involving a multiplicity of mediators and cell types, including immune and... (Review)
Review
Inflammatory skin diseases highlight inflammation as a central driver of skin pathologies, involving a multiplicity of mediators and cell types, including immune and non-immune cells. Adenosine, a ubiquitous endogenous immune modulator, generated from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), acts via four G protein-coupled receptors (A, A, A, and A). Given the widespread expression of those receptors and their regulatory effects on multiple immune signaling pathways, targeting adenosine receptors emerges as a compelling strategy for anti-inflammatory intervention. Animal models of psoriasis, contact hypersensitivity (CHS), and other dermatitis have elucidated the involvement of adenosine receptors in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Targeting adenosine receptors is effective in attenuating inflammation and remodeling the epidermal structure, potentially showing synergistic effects with fewer adverse effects when combined with conventional therapies. What is noteworthy are the promising outcomes observed with A agonists in animal models and ongoing clinical trials investigating A agonists, underscoring a potential therapeutic approach for the management of inflammatory skin disorders.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Adenosine; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Skin Diseases; Dermatitis; Inflammation; Psoriasis; Signal Transduction; Anti-Inflammatory Agents
PubMed: 38891997
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115810 -
Parasite (Paris, France) May 2012The females of the moths Hylesia metabus have their abdomens covered by urticating hairs looking like micro-arrows and causing a puriginous dermatitis to humans known as... (Review)
Review
The females of the moths Hylesia metabus have their abdomens covered by urticating hairs looking like micro-arrows and causing a puriginous dermatitis to humans known as "papillonite" in French Guiana and also called yellowtail moth dermatitis or Caripito itch. The densities of the moths show great seasonal and annual variations depending on mechanisms mostly unknown. When H. metabus infestations occur, numerous cases of dermatologic manifestations are reported from people living near the mangrove swamps where the moths are developing. One hundred years after the first "papillonite" epidemic reported from French Guiana in 1912, the data presented herein summarize the actual state of knowledge on H. metabus biology and ecology and on the lepidopterism. Some recommendations are proposed for the surveillance and warning systems of H. metabus infestations and to avoid contact with the moths. Research priorities are suggested to improve the control against this problem emerging between nuisance and public health.
Topics: Animals; Dermatitis; Ectoparasitic Infestations; Female; French Guiana; Humans; Insect Control; Male; Moths
PubMed: 22550622
DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2012192117 -
Allergology International : Official... Mar 2012Allergic contact dermatitis caused by contact with lacquer sap and lacquerware affects the welfare of lacquer workers and the lacquerware industry. Many studies of the... (Review)
Review
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by contact with lacquer sap and lacquerware affects the welfare of lacquer workers and the lacquerware industry. Many studies of the mechanism of urushiol allergy, including animal models, have been carried out and have established several hypotheses. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of lacquer allergy, we review recent advances in the research on lacquer allergy including the chemical properties of lacquer lipid components, allergic mechanism analyses, immunological explanations, allergy medications, and the prevention combined with the research results from our laboratory.
Topics: Animals; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Humans; Lacquer
PubMed: 22015566
DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.11-RA-0324