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Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Sep 2020In cases of infants with yellow colouration, both the sclerae and the skin should be examined. The top priority is to rule out conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, which may...
In cases of infants with yellow colouration, both the sclerae and the skin should be examined. The top priority is to rule out conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, which may be a symptom of biliary atresia. Children with this condition will first develop yellow sclerae, and will have jaundice that continues beyond the first two weeks of life. Although discoloured stools are a classic sign of biliary atresia, they are not always present. Children over two weeks of age with yellow skin should therefore be assessed immediately, regardless of the colour of the stool.
Topics: Biliary Atresia; Child; Feces; Humans; Infant; Jaundice
PubMed: 32900173
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0667 -
Gaceta Medica de Mexico 2022At the beginning of 2022, in the United Kingdom, and later in several European countries, a group of pediatric patients who developed acute hepatitis of so far unknown...
At the beginning of 2022, in the United Kingdom, and later in several European countries, a group of pediatric patients who developed acute hepatitis of so far unknown origin was reported. Clinical data include nausea, vomiting, jaundice, and liver failure; some patients require liver transplantation. The affected population is younger than 10 years of age. The probable etiological agent is adenovirus genotype F41, and toxic factors have been ruled out, as well as a relationship with COVID-19. There are several theories to explain this phenomenon, which are being investigated.
Topics: Humans; Child; COVID-19; Hepatitis; Jaundice; Liver Transplantation; Acute Disease
PubMed: 36572034
DOI: 10.24875/GMM.M22000703 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Oct 1956
Topics: Humans; Jaundice
PubMed: 13389007
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.32.372.460 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Feb 2015To review the underlying pathophysiology and currently available treatments for pruritis associated with jaundice. English language literature was reviewed using... (Review)
Review
To review the underlying pathophysiology and currently available treatments for pruritis associated with jaundice. English language literature was reviewed using MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and clinicaltrials.gov for papers and trails addressing the pathophysiology and potential treatments for pruritis associated with jaundice. Recent advances in the understanding of the peripheral anatomy of itch transmission have defined a histamine stimulated pathway and a cowhage stimulated pathway with sensation conveyed centrally via the contralateral spinothalamic tract. Centrally, cowhage and histamine stimulated neurons terminate widely within the thalamus and sensorimotor cortex. The causative factors for itch in jaundice have not been clarified although endogenous opioids, serotonin, steroid and lysophosphatidic acid all play a role. Current guidelines for the treatment of itching in jaundice recommend initial management with biliary drainage where possible and medical management with ursodeoxycholic acid, followed by cholestyramine, rifampicin, naltrexone and sertraline. Other than biliary drainage no single treatment has proved universally effective. Pruritis associated with jaundice is a common but poorly understood condition for which biliary drainage is the most effective therapy. Pharmacological therapy has advanced but remains variably effective.
Topics: Animals; Antipruritics; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Combined Modality Therapy; Drainage; Humans; Jaundice; Neural Pathways; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pruritus; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25663760
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1404 -
Medicine Jul 2022The impact of Tuina on neonatal jaundice is not yet comprehensively understood, and its clinical application is rather limited. This study systematically assessed the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The impact of Tuina on neonatal jaundice is not yet comprehensively understood, and its clinical application is rather limited. This study systematically assessed the relevant literature and conducted a meta-analysis to study the influence of Tuina on neonatal jaundice and provide convincing clinical evidence for promoting its clinical application.
METHODS
We searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, and CBM from the establishment of the database up to July 2021. Studies that are randomized controlled trials were included. However, duplicate publications; manuscripts with no full text, incomplete information, or inability to extract data; animal experiments; and reviews and systematic reviews were excluded. STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
The pooled results showed that compared with the treatment of neonatal jaundice solely with blue light, Tuina combined with blue light significantly improved the total effective rate and frequency of defecation on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and significantly decreased the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score; the third serum total bilirubin on days 3, 4, and 7; and duration of jaundice. Moreover, the incidence of adverse events in neonatal jaundice treated with Tuina combined with blue light was significantly lower than that with blue light alone.
CONCLUSION
Tuina combined with blue light for treating neonatal jaundice can increase the effect of clinical treatment and reduce the adverse events caused by blue light therapy. Thus, the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine Tuina in neonatal jaundice should be further promoted.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Jaundice; Jaundice, Neonatal; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Phototherapy; Syndrome
PubMed: 35866789
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029675 -
Epidemiology and Infection Jan 2018Historical enquiry into diseases with morbidity or mortality predilections for particular demographic groups can permit clarification of their emergence, endemicity, and... (Review)
Review
Historical enquiry into diseases with morbidity or mortality predilections for particular demographic groups can permit clarification of their emergence, endemicity, and epidemicity. During community-wide outbreaks of hepatitis A in the pre-vaccine era, clinical attack rates were higher among juveniles rather than adults. In community-wide hepatitis E outbreaks, past and present, mortality rates have been most pronounced among pregnant women. Examination for these characteristic predilections in reports of jaundice outbreaks in the USA traces the emergence of hepatitis A and also of hepatitis E to the closing three decades of the 19th century. Thereafter, outbreaks of hepatitis A burgeoned, whereas those of hepatitis E abated. There were, in addition, community-wide outbreaks that bore features of neither hepatitis A nor E; they occurred before the 1870s. The American Civil War antedated that period. If hepatitis A had yet to establish endemicity, then it would not underlie the jaundice epidemic that was widespread during the war. Such an assessment may be revised, however, with the discovery of more extant outbreak reports.
Topics: Disease Outbreaks; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis E; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Jaundice; Military Personnel; United States
PubMed: 29254514
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268817002837 -
Journal of the National Medical... Nov 1957
Topics: Chlorpromazine; Humans; Jaundice
PubMed: 13476181
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Nov 1946
Topics: Humans; Jaundice; Penicillins
PubMed: 20273984
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4479.685 -
The Journal of Surgical Research Nov 2016With the recent emergence of conjugated bile acids as signaling molecules in cancer, a murine model of obstructive jaundice by cholestasis with long-term survival is in... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
With the recent emergence of conjugated bile acids as signaling molecules in cancer, a murine model of obstructive jaundice by cholestasis with long-term survival is in need. Here, we investigated the characteristics of three murine models of obstructive jaundice.
METHODS
C57BL/6J mice were used for total ligation of the common bile duct (tCL), partial common bile duct ligation (pCL), and ligation of left and median hepatic bile duct with gallbladder removal (LMHL) models. Survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method. Fibrotic change was determined by Masson-Trichrome staining and Collagen expression.
RESULTS
Overall, 70% (7 of 10) of tCL mice died by day 7, whereas majority 67% (10 of 15) of pCL mice survived with loss of jaundice. A total of 19% (3 of 16) of LMHL mice died; however, jaundice continued beyond day 14, with survival of more than a month. Compensatory enlargement of the right lobe was observed in both pCL and LMHL models. The pCL model demonstrated acute inflammation due to obstructive jaundice 3 d after ligation but jaundice rapidly decreased by day 7. The LHML group developed portal hypertension and severe fibrosis by day 14 in addition to prolonged jaundice.
CONCLUSIONS
The standard tCL model is too unstable with high mortality for long-term studies. pCL may be an appropriate model for acute inflammation with obstructive jaundice, but long-term survivors are no longer jaundiced. The LHML model was identified to be the most feasible model to study the effect of long-term obstructive jaundice.
Topics: Animals; Cholecystectomy; Common Bile Duct; Disease Models, Animal; Feasibility Studies; Hepatic Duct, Common; Jaundice, Obstructive; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Ligation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 27916350
DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.07.020 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2023
Review
Topics: Humans; Jaundice, Obstructive; Cholangitis; Liver Diseases
PubMed: 37077104
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_672_21