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Gut Feb 1977We have examined 26 consecutive jaundiced patients referred to the ultrasound clinic. A differentiation between extrahepatic and other causes of jaundice was possible in...
We have examined 26 consecutive jaundiced patients referred to the ultrasound clinic. A differentiation between extrahepatic and other causes of jaundice was possible in 23 of the 24 patients satisfactorily examined. The use of ultrasonic techniques in the jaundiced patient offers a high degree of accuracy to the clinician, and little or no discomfort to the patient.
Topics: Cholestasis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Jaundice; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 852748
DOI: 10.1136/gut.18.2.161 -
Annals of Hepatology 2019Jaundice is one of the most common medical condition affecting infants, children, and adults. Jaundice is not a disease but it is a visible sign and symptom of liver... (Review)
Review
Jaundice is one of the most common medical condition affecting infants, children, and adults. Jaundice is not a disease but it is a visible sign and symptom of liver disease which occurs when there is an increase in the amount of bilirubin circulating in the blood due to the abnormal metabolism and excretion in the urine. Medicinal plants are being used long ago by our ancestors for the treatment of jaundice. At the present era, consumption of these herbal medicines is increasing at a high speed, due to its less or no side effect and cost-effectiveness as compared to synthetic medicines. This review describes approximately 55 medicinal plants which are used by rural and tribal people of different area of Chhattisgarh for curing jaundice. The data was collected from different kinds of literature survey from the year 1993 to 2018. This review has been conferred in a systematic way which includes plant's vernacular name, botanical name along with its family, part used and ethnomedicinal uses in a tabulated form and also the description of scientific evidence behind the folklore uses of some medicinal plants along with their mechanism of action which have been reported in different kinds of literature. The current study may be useful for the development of new medicines for the treatment of jaundice.
Topics: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; India; Jaundice; Morbidity; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 31178344
DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2019.05.003 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Jan 2015The well established, gold standard method for treatment of obstructive jaundice involves biliary drainage under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)... (Review)
Review
The well established, gold standard method for treatment of obstructive jaundice involves biliary drainage under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed by pancreatobiliary endoscopists. Recently, interventions using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have been developed not only for obtaining cytological and histological diagnosis, but also for biliary drainage as alternative method. EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) was first reported by Giovannini et al. EUS-BD broadly includes EUS-guided rendezvous technique, EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy, and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy. More recently, EUS-guided antegrade stenting and EUS-guided gallbladder drainage have also been reported. many case reports, series, and retrospective studies on EUS-BD have been reported. However, because prospective studies and comparisons between the different biliary drainage methods have not been reported, the technical success, functional success, adverse events, and stent patency with long-term follow up of EUS-BD are still unclear. Therefore, prospective, randomized controlled studies addressing these issues are needed. Despite this, EUS-BD undoubtedly is clinically useful as an alternative biliary drainage method. EUS-BD has the potential to be a first-line biliary drainage method instead of ERCP if results of clinical trials are favorable and the technique is simplified.
Topics: Drainage; Endosonography; Humans; Jaundice, Obstructive; Stents; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography, Interventional
PubMed: 25632176
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i4.1049 -
Clinics in Liver Disease Aug 1999Postoperative jaundice is often multifactorial (Fig. 2). A precipitating or causative factor may be identified but seldom can a specific therapy be offered. A systematic... (Review)
Review
Postoperative jaundice is often multifactorial (Fig. 2). A precipitating or causative factor may be identified but seldom can a specific therapy be offered. A systematic approach will help eliminate a hepatotoxic drug or identify a biliary tract problem. Treatment involves discontinuation of an offending drug; however, the drug, such as an anesthetic agent, may not be in use when the jaundice is detected. Recognition of an anesthetic-induced injury would certainly warn the physician not to repeat its use in future surgery for that patient. Hyperalimentation may contribute to jaundice, but patients developing postoperative jaundice are generally very ill and require nutrition. Extrahepatic biliary tract disease should be readily recognized and treated. The physician should be alert to the possibility of acalculous cholecystitis so that it can be appropriately diagnosed and treated.
Topics: Anesthetics; Bilirubin; Cholecystitis; Cholestasis; Humans; Jaundice; Liver; Postoperative Complications; Sepsis
PubMed: 11291235
DOI: 10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70081-7 -
Jornal de Pediatria 2023To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on jaundice in premature infants undergoing phototherapy. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on jaundice in premature infants undergoing phototherapy.
METHODS
In this article, the authors reviewed 100 hospitalized jaundiced premature infants under 35 weeks of gestational age. All infants were assigned to a control group (n = 45) and a treatment group (n = 55) randomly. The infants in the treatment group received S. boulardii supplementation by undergoing phototherapy and the infants in the control group were only treated by phototherapy. The total serum bilirubin levels were detected before and at the end of phototherapy, and transcutaneous bilirubin levels were measured on the 1st, 4th, 8th and 15th day of treatment. The duration of jaundice resolution and phototherapy, stool frequency, and characteristics were compared after phototherapy.
RESULTS
The duration of jaundice resolution and phototherapy were shortened. Total serum bilirubin level was lower than the control group at the end of phototherapy (p < 0.05). Transcutaneous bilirubin levels decreased more significantly on the 8th and 15th day of treatment (p < 0.05), while there were no significant differences on the post-treatment 1st and 4th day (p > 0.05). In addition, bowel movements including stool frequency and Bristol Stool Form Scale ratings of stools also improved after treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
S. boulardii in combination with phototherapy is effective and safe in reducing bilirubin levels and duration of phototherapy, accelerating jaundice resolution in premature infants with jaundice. The procedure also provided an ideal therapeutic effect of diarrhea induced by phototherapy to promote compliance and maternal-infant bonding.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Bilirubin; Infant, Premature; Jaundice; Jaundice, Neonatal; Phototherapy; Saccharomyces boulardii
PubMed: 36574954
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2022.10.010 -
British Medical Journal May 1980
Topics: Fever; Humans; Jaundice; Liver Abscess; Middle Aged; Prognosis
PubMed: 7388441
DOI: No ID Found -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2015Leptospirosis occurs worldwide, but the global incidence of human disease and its mortality are not well understood. Many patients are undiagnosed and untreated due to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Leptospirosis occurs worldwide, but the global incidence of human disease and its mortality are not well understood. Many patients are undiagnosed and untreated due to its non-specific symptoms and a lack of access to diagnostics. This study systematically reviews the literature to clarify the mortality from untreated leptospirosis. Results will help quantify the global burden of disease and guide health policies.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify untreated patient series. Included patients were symptomatic, but asymptomatic patients and those who had received antibiotics, dialysis or who were treated on Intensive Care Units were excluded. Included patients had a confirmed laboratory diagnosis by culture, PCR, or serological tests. Data was extracted and individual patient series were assessed for bias. Thirty-five studies, comprising 41 patient series and 3,390 patients, were included in the study. A high degree of bias within studies was shown due to limitations in study design, diagnostic tests and missing data. Median series mortality was 2.2% (Range 0.0-39.7%), but mortality was high in jaundiced patients (19.1%) (Range 0.0-39.7%), those with renal failure 12.1% (Range 0-25.0%) and in patients aged over 60 (60%) (Range 33.3-60%), but low in anicteric patients (0%) (Range 0-1.7%).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review contributes to our understanding of the mortality of untreated leptospirosis and provides data for the estimation of DALYs attributable to this disease. We show that mortality is significantly higher in older patients with icteric disease or renal failure but is lower in younger, anicteric patients. Increased surveillance and accurate point-of-care diagnostics are required to better understand the incidence and improve diagnosis of disease. Empirical treatment strategies should prioritize early treatment to improve outcomes from leptospirosis.
Topics: Age Factors; Bias; Humans; Jaundice; Leptospirosis; Meningitis; Renal Insufficiency
PubMed: 26110270
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003866 -
British Medical Journal May 1962
Topics: Humans; Jaundice
PubMed: 13911711
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5289.1359 -
British Medical Journal (Clinical... Nov 1981
Review
Topics: Antibodies; Bilirubin; Cholangiography; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Jaundice; Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Physical Examination; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 6794820
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.283.6302.1282 -
Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de... 2001
Topics: Animals; Jaundice; Mice; Nitroimidazoles; Trypanocidal Agents
PubMed: 11391447
DOI: No ID Found