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ELife Feb 2022Energy conservation in microorganisms is classically categorized into respiration and fermentation; however, recent work shows some species can use mixed or alternative...
Energy conservation in microorganisms is classically categorized into respiration and fermentation; however, recent work shows some species can use mixed or alternative bioenergetic strategies. We explored the use of extracellular electron transfer for energy conservation in diverse lactic acid bacteria (LAB), microorganisms that mainly rely on fermentative metabolism and are important in food fermentations. The LAB uses extracellular electron transfer to increase its NAD/NADH ratio, generate more ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation, and accumulate biomass more rapidly. This novel, hybrid metabolism is dependent on a type-II NADH dehydrogenase (Ndh2) and conditionally requires a flavin-binding extracellular lipoprotein (PplA) under laboratory conditions. It confers increased fermentation product yield, metabolic flux, and environmental acidification in laboratory media and during kale juice fermentation. The discovery of a single pathway that simultaneously blends features of fermentation and respiration in a primarily fermentative microorganism expands our knowledge of energy conservation and provides immediate biotechnology applications.
Topics: Albinism, Oculocutaneous; Biomass; Brassica; Electron Transport; Fermentation; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Lactobacillaceae; Lactobacillales; Lipoproteins; NADH Dehydrogenase; Phosphorylation
PubMed: 35147079
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.70684 -
Microbiological Research Feb 2021In this study the intraspecies diversity of Fructilactobacillus (F.) sanfranciscensis (formerly Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis) was characterized by comparative genomics...
In this study the intraspecies diversity of Fructilactobacillus (F.) sanfranciscensis (formerly Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis) was characterized by comparative genomics supported by physiological data. Twenty-four strains of F. sanfranciscensis were analyzed and sorted into six different genomic clusters. The core genome comprised only 43,14 % of the pan genome, i.e. 0.87 Mbp of 2.04 Mbp. The main annotated genomic differences reside in maltose, fructose and sucrose as well as nucleotide metabolism, use of electron acceptors, and exopolysacchride formation. Furthermore, all strains are well equipped to cope with oxidative stress via NADH oxidase and a distinct thiol metabolism. Only ten of 24 genomes contain two maltose phosphorylase genes (mapA and mapB). In F. sanfranciscensis TMW 1.897 only mapA was found. All strains except those from genomic cluster 2 contained the mannitol dehydrogenase and should therefore be able to use fructose as external electron acceptor. Moreover, six strains were able to grow on fructose as sole carbon source, as they contained a functional fructokinase gene. No growth was observed on pentoses, i.e. xylose, arabinose or ribose, as sole carbon source. This can be referred to the absence of ribose pyranase rbsD in all genomes, and absence of or mutations in numerous other genes, which are essential for arabinose and xylose metabolism. Seven strains were able to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) from sucrose. In addition, the strains containing levS were able to grow on sucrose as sole carbon source. Strains of one cluster exhibit auxotrophies for purine nucleotides. The physiological and genomic analyses suggest that the biodiversity of F. sanfranciscensis is larger than anticipated. Consequently, "original" habitats and lifestyles of F. sanfranciscensis may vary but can generally be referred to an adaptation to sugary (maltose/sucrose/fructose-rich) and aerobic environments as found in plants and insects. It can dominate sourdoughs as a result of reductive evolution and cooperation with fructose-delivering, acetate-tolerant yeasts.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Biodiversity; Bread; Genome Size; Genome, Bacterial; Lactobacillaceae; Multienzyme Complexes; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Phylogeny; Sucrose; Triticum; Xylose
PubMed: 33129664
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126625 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2021In this study, we used 10 healthy sheep, which gave birth to healthy twins. Stool samples were collected from mothers and their offspring 3 times during the study (0, 28...
In this study, we used 10 healthy sheep, which gave birth to healthy twins. Stool samples were collected from mothers and their offspring 3 times during the study (0, 28 and 56 day postpartum). Milk samples were taken from the mothers at the same time. RT PCR analysis of faeces and milk was performed in order to assess the level of bacteria from the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla including the family Lactobacillaceae (phylum Firmicutes). The composition of mother's milk was also analyzed and their BCS. The data were compiled statistically. The obtained results showed that the level of the studied groups of bacteria may change due to the change of diet. Additionally, there were significant differences between lambs and mothers in the levels of the studied groups of bacteria. Analysis also shown that in the digestive system of mothers was a smaller disproportion in the level of the studied bacterial phyla than in lambs. The results also indicated the occurrence of differences in the bacterial composition at the individual level, both in ewes and their offspring. Additionally, in the conducted experiment, there were differences in the level of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes groups depending on the sex.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Biodiversity; Body Weight; Feces; Firmicutes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Host Microbial Interactions; Lactobacillaceae; Metagenome; Metagenomics; Milk; Sheep
PubMed: 34893656
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03207-w -
Scientific Reports Jan 2024Manipulative behaviour that consists of touching or close contact with ears or tails of pen mates is common in pigs and can become damaging. Manipulative behaviour was...
Manipulative behaviour that consists of touching or close contact with ears or tails of pen mates is common in pigs and can become damaging. Manipulative behaviour was analysed from video recordings of 45-day-old pigs, and 15 manipulator-control pairs (n = 30) were formed. Controls neither received nor performed manipulative behaviour. Rectal faecal samples of manipulators and controls were compared. 16S PCR was used to identify Lactobacillaceae species and 16S amplicon sequencing to determine faecal microbiota composition. Seven culturable Lactobacillaceae species were identified in control pigs and four in manipulator pigs. Manipulators (p = 0.02) and females (p = 0.005) expressed higher Lactobacillus amylovorus, and a significant interaction was seen (sex * status: p = 0.005) with this sex difference being more marked in controls. Females (p = 0.08) and manipulator pigs (p = 0.07) tended to express higher total Lactobacillaceae. A tendency for an interaction was seen in Limosilactobacillus reuteri (sex * status: p = 0.09). Results suggest a link between observed low diversity in Lactobacillaceae and the development of manipulative behaviour.
Topics: Swine; Female; Male; Animals; Lactobacillaceae; Feces; Rectum
PubMed: 38168466
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50791-0 -
Microbial Biotechnology May 2011
Topics: Genomics; Lactic Acid; Lactobacillaceae
PubMed: 21518298
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00262.x -
NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes Mar 2024Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic syndrome caused by abnormal purine metabolism. Although recent studies have noted a relationship between the gut microbiota and gout,...
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic syndrome caused by abnormal purine metabolism. Although recent studies have noted a relationship between the gut microbiota and gout, whether the microbiota could ameliorate HUA-associated systemic purine metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed a novel model of HUA in geese and investigated the mechanism by which Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) could have beneficial effects on HUA. The administration of antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments were used in this HUA goose model. The effects of LGG and its metabolites on HUA were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Heterogeneous expression and gene knockout of LGG revealed the mechanism of LGG. Multi-omics analysis revealed that the Lactobacillus genus is associated with changes in purine metabolism in HUA. This study showed that LGG and its metabolites could alleviate HUA through the gut-liver-kidney axis. Whole-genome analysis, heterogeneous expression, and gene knockout of LGG enzymes ABC-type multidrug transport system (ABCT), inosine-uridine nucleoside N-ribohydrolase (iunH), and xanthine permease (pbuX) demonstrated the function of nucleoside degradation in LGG. Multi-omics and a correlation analysis in HUA patients and this goose model revealed that a serum proline deficiency, as well as changes in Collinsella and Lactobacillus, may be associated with the occurrence of HUA. Our findings demonstrated the potential of a goose model of diet-induced HUA, and LGG and proline could be promising therapies for HUA.
Topics: Humans; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Hyperuricemia; Nucleosides; Lactobacillus; Proline; Purines
PubMed: 38509085
DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00486-9 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2022Ethiopian honey wine is one of the country's most popular spontaneously fermented traditional alcoholic beverages. However, the final product of this natural...
Ethiopian honey wine is one of the country's most popular spontaneously fermented traditional alcoholic beverages. However, the final product of this natural fermentation system is frequently of poor and inconsistent quality. Furthermore, it makes the process difficult to predict, control, and correct. Thus, the main aim of this study was to develop a direct fermentation system for Ethiopian honey wine, Tej. After isolating fermentative microbial strains from Tej samples, they were subjected to intensive screening to fit to its purpose. Later, phenotypic and genotypic characterization, and inoculation of isolates to honey-must were performed sequentially. Finally, microbial interaction and physicochemical analysis, including volatile compounds profiling, were done for the inoculated samples. The identified isolates were strains of Saccharomycetaceae and Lactobacillaceae families. These strains showed a good ability to tolerate osmotic stress and a lower pH environment. Tej sample produced by mixed culture inoculation of Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus species showed similar physicochemical, volatile compounds, and sensory attributes values with that of the control sample. Thus, a mixture of Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus strains could be used as a starter culture to produce Ethiopian honey, Tej, without scarifying of its major quality attributes.
Topics: Ethiopia; Fermentation; Honey; Humans; Lactobacillus; Saccharomyces; Wine
PubMed: 35927420
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17594-1 -
Microbiology Spectrum Sep 2017The genus is a diverse group of microorganisms, many of which are of industrial and medical relevance. Several species have been used as probiotics, organisms that... (Review)
Review
The genus is a diverse group of microorganisms, many of which are of industrial and medical relevance. Several species have been used as probiotics, organisms that when present in sufficient quantities confer a health benefit to the host. A significant limitation to the mechanistic understanding of how these microbes provide health benefits to their hosts and how they can be used as therapeutic delivery systems has been the lack of genetic strategies to efficiently manipulate their genomes. This article will review the development and employment of traditional genetic tools in lactobacilli and highlight the latest methodologies that are allowing for precision genome engineering of these probiotic organisms. The application of these tools will be key in providing mechanistic insights into probiotics as well as maximizing the value of lactobacilli as either a traditional probiotic or as a platform for the delivery of therapeutic proteins. Finally, we will discuss concepts that we consider relevant for the delivery of engineered therapeutics to the human gut.
Topics: Animals; Genetic Engineering; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Lactobacillaceae; Probiotics
PubMed: 28936946
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.BAD-0018-2016 -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Jun 2022The 60 barcode sequence has been established as an informative target for microbial species identification. Applications of 60 barcode sequencing are supported by the...
The 60 barcode sequence has been established as an informative target for microbial species identification. Applications of 60 barcode sequencing are supported by the availability of "universal" PCR primers for amplification and a curated reference database of 60 sequences, cpnDB. A recent reclassification of lactobacilli involving the definition of 23 new genera provided an opportunity to update cpnDB and to determine if the 60 barcode could be used for accurate identification of species consistent with the new framework. Analysis of 275 60 sequences representing 258/269 of the validly named species in , , and the 23 newer genera showed that 60-based sequence relationships were generally consistent with whole-genome-based phylogeny. Aligning or mapping full-length barcode sequences or a 150 bp subsequence resulted in accurate and unambiguous species identification in almost all cases. Taken together, our results show that the combination of available reference sequence data, "universal" barcode amplification primers, and the inherent sequence diversity within the 60 barcode makes it a useful target for the detection and identification of lactobacilli, as defined by the latest taxonomic framework.
Topics: Chaperonin 60; DNA Primers; Lactobacillaceae; Lactobacillus; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 35230911
DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0296 -
Journal of Biological Regulators and... 2020Upper respiratory infections are widespread in clinical practice. Antibiotics are frequently used in the management of patients with airways infection. However,... (Review)
Review
Upper respiratory infections are widespread in clinical practice. Antibiotics are frequently used in the management of patients with airways infection. However, antibiotics can induce intestinal and respiratory dysbiosis that, in turn, worsens respiratory symptoms. Moreover, respiratory infections per se can cause dysbiosis. Consequently, probiotics may counterbalance the disturbed microbiota. The current clinical experience evaluated the efficacy and safety of an oral nutraceutical containing a probiotic mixture with Lactobacillus plantarum LP01 (1 billion of living cells), Lactobacillus lactis subspecies cremoris LLC02 (800 million living cells), and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies delbrueckii LDD01 (200 million living cells), in 2928 outpatients with an upper respiratory infection and treated with antibiotics. Patients took one stick/daily for four weeks. Simultaneously, 2877 patients with an upper respiratory infection and treated with antibiotics were recruited as control. This probiotic mixture significantly diminished the presence and the severity of respiratory symptoms at the end of the probiotic course and, more evidently, after a 3-month follow-up. In conclusion, the current clinical experience suggested that this probiotic mixture may be considered an effective and safe therapeutic option in managing patients with an upper respiratory infection and treated with antibiotics.
Topics: Dysbiosis; Humans; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus plantarum; Probiotics; Respiratory Tract Diseases
PubMed: 33426860
DOI: No ID Found