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Microorganisms Jul 2021In many dairy products, spp. is a natural part of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) accounting for flavor development. However, data on the genomic diversity of...
In many dairy products, spp. is a natural part of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) accounting for flavor development. However, data on the genomic diversity of spp. isolates obtained from cheese are still scarce. The focus of this study was the genomic characterization of spp. obtained from different traditional Montenegrin brine cheeses with the aim to explore their diversity and provide genetic information as a basis for the selection of strains for future cheese production. In 2019, sixteen spp. isolates were obtained from white brine cheeses from nine different producers located in three municipalities in the northern region of Montenegro. All isolates were identified as Classical multilocus sequence tying (MLST) and core genome (cg) MLST revealed a high diversity of the Montenegrin cheese isolates. All isolates carried genes of the bacteriocin biosynthetic gene clusters, eight out of 16 strains carried the CDEFG operon, 14 carried and all 16 isolates carried and , genes involved in forming important aromas and flavor compounds. Safety evaluation indicated that isolates carried no pathogenic factors and no virulence factors. In conclusion, isolates from Montenegrin traditional cheeses displayed a high genetic diversity and were unrelated to strains deposited in GenBank.
PubMed: 34442691
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081612 -
Food Science of Animal Resources Mar 2021H40 (H40) was isolated from kimchi, and its probiotic properties and neuroprotective effect was evaluated in oxidatively stressed SH-SY5Y cells. H40 was stable in...
H40 (H40) was isolated from kimchi, and its probiotic properties and neuroprotective effect was evaluated in oxidatively stressed SH-SY5Y cells. H40 was stable in artificial gastric conditions and can be attached in HT-29 cells. In addition, H40 did not produce β-glucuronidase and showed resistant to several antibiotics. The conditioned medium (CM) was made using HT-29 cells refined with heat-killed probiotics (Probiotics-CM) and heated yogurts (Y-CM) to investigate the neuroprotective effect. Treatment with H40-CM not only increased cell viability but also significantly improved brain derived neurotropic factor () expression and reduced the ratio in oxidatively stress-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Besides, probiotic Y-CM significantly increased mRNA expression and decreased ratio. The physicochemical properties of probiotic yogurt with H40 was not significantly different from the control yogurt. The viable cell counts of lactic acid bacteria in control and probiotic yogurt with H40 was 8.66 Log CFU/mL and 8.96 Log CFU/mL, respectively. Therefore, these results indicate that H40 can be used as prophylactic functional dairy food having neuroprotective effects.
PubMed: 33987547
DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2020.e97 -
Vaccines Sep 2022The unprecedented health catastrophe derived from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2 infection) met with a phenomenal scientific response...
The unprecedented health catastrophe derived from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2 infection) met with a phenomenal scientific response across the globe. Worldwide, the scientific community was focused on finding a cure for the deadly disease. A wide range of research studies has consistently revealed the link between SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and abnormal gut microbiomes, suggesting its potential in developing novel therapeutic approaches. Probiotics have been extensively studied to promote health in human hosts and reestablish a balance in the dysbiotic gut microbiome; however, there is strong skepticism about their safety and efficacy. Consequently, the metabolic signatures of probiotics, often referred to as "postbiotics", could prove of paramount importance for adjuvant cures in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Postbiotics exhibit safety, enhanced shelf-life, and stability and, therefore, could be implemented in SARS-CoV-2 prophylactic strategies with no undue adverse side effects. The current study is a preliminary investigation of the antiviral properties of postbiotic metabolites derived from GBUT-21. The study focuses on the potential biological role in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 and reducing related inflammatory pathways.
PubMed: 36298446
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101581 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023The short lifespan of enables the efficient investigation of probiotic interventions affecting stress and longevity involving the potential therapeutic value of and...
The short lifespan of enables the efficient investigation of probiotic interventions affecting stress and longevity involving the potential therapeutic value of and isolated from organic basil. The lactic acid bacteria were cultured from the produce collected from a local grocery store in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and then identified through 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical tests. To dive deep into this analysis for potential probiotic therapy, we used fluorescent reporters that allow us to assess the differential induction of multiple stress pathways such as oxidative stress and the cytoplasmic, endoplasmic reticulum, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. This is combined with the classic health span measurements of survival, development, and fecundity, allowing a wide range of organismal observations of the different communities of microbes supported by probiotic supplementation with and . These strains were initially assessed in relation to the feeding strain OP50 and the microbiome. The supplementation showed a reduction in the median lifespan of the worms colonized within the microbiome. This was unsurprising, as negative results are common when probiotics are introduced into healthy microbiomes. To further assess the supplementation potential of these strains on an unhealthy (undifferentiated) microbiome, the typical axenic diet, OP50, was used to simulate this single-species biome. The addition of lactic acid bacteria to OP50 led to a significant improvement in the median and overall survival in simulated biomes, indicating their potential in probiotic therapy. The study analyzed the supplemented cultures in terms of ' morphology, locomotor behavior, reproduction, and stress responses, revealing unique characteristics and stress response patterns for each group. As the microbiome's influence on the health span gains interest, the study aims to understand the microbiome relationships that result in differential stress resistance and lifespans by supplementing microbiomes with and isolated from organic basil in .
PubMed: 37772058
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207705 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Ulcerative colitis (UC) is caused by inflammation only in the mucosa of the colon, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The intake of probiotics is known to have a...
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is caused by inflammation only in the mucosa of the colon, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The intake of probiotics is known to have a beneficial effect on the development of UC. In this study, we investigated the alleviating effects of kimchi (KC), a fermented food rich in probiotics, and DRC 1506 (DRC) isolated from kimchi on UC. A freeze-dried kimchi suspension and DRC were orally given to mice at a dose of 1 × 10 CFU/day for 3 weeks. Furthermore, 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water was given to induce UC. The KC and DRC groups reduced symptoms of colitis, such as disease activity index, decrease in colon length, colon weight-to-length ratio, and pathological damage to the colon caused by DSS treatment. The KC and DRC groups decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the colon tissues. At the mRNA and protein expression levels in the colon tissue, KC and DRC groups downregulated inflammatory factors and upregulated tight junction-related factors. Therefore, DRC, as well as KC supplementation, are potent in alleviating UC by improving the inflammatory response and mucosal barrier function in the colon.
PubMed: 36766113
DOI: 10.3390/foods12030584 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by lactic acid bacteria possess various bioactivities and potential attractions for scientific exploration and commercial development....
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by lactic acid bacteria possess various bioactivities and potential attractions for scientific exploration and commercial development. An EPS-producing bacterial strain, RSG7, was previously isolated from the pepino and identified as . Based on the analyses of high-performance size exclusion chromatography, high-performance ion chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and methylation, the RSG7 EPS was identified as a dextran with a molecular weight of 5.47 × 10 Da and consisted of α-(1→6) glycosidic linkages as backbone and α-(1→2), α-(1→3), α-(1→4), and α-(1→6) glycosidic linkages as side chains. Scanning electron microscopy observed a honeycomb-like porous structure of RSG7 dextran, and this dextran formed aggregations with irregular hill-shaped lumps according to atomic force microscopy analysis. Physical-chemical investigations suggested that RSG7 dextran possessed excellent viscosity at high concentration, low temperature, and high pH; showed a superior emulsifying capacity of tested vegetable oils than that of hydrocarbons; and owned the maximal flocculating activity (10.74 ± 0.23) and flocculating rate (93.46 ± 0.07%) in the suspended solid of activated carbon. In addition, the dextran could coagulate sucrose-supplemented milk and implied potential probiotics . Together, these results collectively describe a valuable dextran with unique characteristics for exploitation in food applications.
PubMed: 36819025
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1108120 -
Nutrients Jun 2022Probiotics, active microorganisms benefiting human health, currently serve as nutritional supplements and clinical treatments. Periodontitis, a chronic infectious oral...
Probiotics, active microorganisms benefiting human health, currently serve as nutritional supplements and clinical treatments. Periodontitis, a chronic infectious oral disease caused by (), activates the host immune response to release numerous proinflammatory cytokines. Here, we aimed to clarify () LVBH107 probiotic effects based on the inhibition of activities while also evaluating the effectiveness of an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell-based inflammation mode. LVBH107 survived at acid, bile salts, lysozyme, and hydrogen peroxide conditions, auto-aggregated and co-aggregated with , exhibited strong hydrophobicity and electrostatic action, and strongly adhered to gingival epithelial and HT-29 cells (thus exhibiting oral tissue adherence and colonization abilities). Moreover, LVBH107 exhibited sensitivity to antibiotics erythromycin, doxycycline, minocycline, ampicillin, and others (thus indicating it lacked antibiotic resistance plasmids), effectively inhibited biofilm formation and inflammation (in vitro inflammation model), reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and inflammatory mediators (NO and PGE), and decreased the expression levels of inflammation related genes. Thus, LVBH107 holds promise as a probiotic that can inhibit biofilm formation and exert anti-inflammatory activity to maintain oral health.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cytokines; Humans; Inflammation; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Porphyromonas gingivalis; RAW 264.7 Cells
PubMed: 35807773
DOI: 10.3390/nu14132584 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) May 2023strains are common contributors in fermented foods producing a wide variety of polysaccharides from sucrose through glycosyltransferases (GTFs). These polymers have...
strains are common contributors in fermented foods producing a wide variety of polysaccharides from sucrose through glycosyltransferases (GTFs). These polymers have been proposed as protective barriers against acidity, dehydration, heat, and oxidative stress. Despite its presence in many traditional fermented products and their association with food functional properties, regulation of GTFs expression in is still poorly understood. The strain ATCC 8293 contains three glucansucrases genes not found in operons, and three fructansucrases genes arranged in two operons, and -, a Glycoside-hydrolase. We described the first differential gene expression analysis of this strain when cultivated in different carbon sources. We observed that while GTFs are expressed in the presence of most sugars, they are down-regulated in xylose. We ruled out the regulatory effect of CcpA over GTFs and did not find regulatory elements with a direct effect on glucansucrases in the condition assayed. Our findings suggest that only operon is repressed in xylose by LexA and that both fructansucrases operons can be regulated by the VicK/VicR system and PerR. It is essential to further explore the effect of environmental conditions in bacteria to better understand GTFs regulation and polymer function.
PubMed: 37174431
DOI: 10.3390/foods12091893 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021strains were a type of epiphytic bacterium widely used in fermented foods and products in the biochemical and pharmaceutical industries but data on its presence in...
strains were a type of epiphytic bacterium widely used in fermented foods and products in the biochemical and pharmaceutical industries but data on its presence in foods from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China was scarce. In this study, molecular analysis based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) with eight housekeeping genes (, , and ) was carried out on 45 strains isolated from different plants and dairy products from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. The objective of this study was to perform genetic diversity analysis and explore the relationship between strains and isolate samples or separate regions. A total of 25 sequence types (STs) were identified with a diversity of up to 55.6%, which were grouped into one clonal complexes (CCs), 3 doublets and 17 singletons by eBURST. The results of minimum spanning tree and clustering analysis indicated these strains from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were relatively weakly related to the isolated region. However, there was a close relationship between the genotypes of strains and the type of the isolated sample, which was consistent with the results of API 50CH. The MLST scheme presented in this study provides a shareable and comparable sequence database and enhances our knowledge of the population diversity of strains which will be further used for the selection of industrial strains.
PubMed: 33584616
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.614286 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2021Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) convert carbohydrates into organic acids [mainly lactic acid (LA)], which reportedly have bactericidal activities. is a Gram-negative...
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) convert carbohydrates into organic acids [mainly lactic acid (LA)], which reportedly have bactericidal activities. is a Gram-negative bacteria which infects birds, and causes significant economic losses. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of the LA producing, QZ1178 from Qula (fermented food), against , using the Oxford cup method. Our data showed that QZ1178 inhibited isolates from different origins; however, QZ1178 antibacterial activity dropped dramatically at pH 5.5-pH 6. The LA concentration and pH of the liquid broth containing QZ1178 after 24 h culture was 29 mg/mL and 3.6, respectively. This concentration (29 mg/mL at pH 3.6) and the antibiotic, cefotaxime (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 2.5 μg/mL) effectively inhibited (GAC026) growth as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). treated with LA exhibited extensive cell surface collapse, increased cell damage, cell membrane disruption, and cytoplasmic leakage, indicative of cell lysis. We suggest QZ1178 exerts potential antibacterial effects against the poultry pathogen, via LA.
PubMed: 33969032
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.630294