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Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica 2001
Topics: Cyclodextrins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Methotrimeprazine; Solubility; Temperature; Thermodynamics
PubMed: 11501787
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Feb 1990Continuous subcutaneous infusions offer a safe, simple, effective alternative to intravenous or intramuscular injections when oral medications cannot be used. They are...
Continuous subcutaneous infusions offer a safe, simple, effective alternative to intravenous or intramuscular injections when oral medications cannot be used. They are extremely useful for cancer patients suffering from pain, vomiting, seizures, and other symptoms. Hydromorphone or morphine may be combined with metoclopramide, methotrimeprazine, or haloperidol (in D5W only), in the same pump to control both pain and nausea. Seizures can be controlled by subcutaneous infusion of phenobarbital or midazolam. If proper doses are prescribed and skin irritation is watched for, they can be used safely in the patient's home.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Nausea; Neoplasms; Pain, Intractable; Vomiting
PubMed: 1969887
DOI: 10.1016/s0885-3924(05)80007-7 -
Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience :... Jul 2006We compared the effect of levomepromazine (LMP) with chlorpromazine (CPZ) in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
We compared the effect of levomepromazine (LMP) with chlorpromazine (CPZ) in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS).
METHODS
We carried out a double-blind, parallel group study (n = 19/arm) with balanced randomization in blocks of 4 and stratification by sex. Subjects entered a 30-week trial, of which phases I-III were open: phase I (wk 0-6) baseline; phase II (wk 7-9) stepwise transition to haloperidol (HAL), 30 mg/d, plus benztropine (BT), 4 mg/d; phase III (wk 10-15) HAL, 40-60 mg/d, plus BT, 4-6 mg/d; phase IV (wk 16-20) stepwise transition to LMP or CPZ (500 mg/d) following randomization; phase V (wk 21-28) stepwise increase of LMP or CPZ (600-1000 mg/d, dose reduction permitted) to establish optimum dose; and phase VI (wk 29-30) optimized dose maintained. Criteria for TRS were based on those established by Kane et al in 1988. The criterion for a response to treatment was a reduction of 25% or more in total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale score.
RESULTS
Both LMP (p = 0.007) and CPZ (p = 0.030) improved TRS relative to baseline. Although there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in treatment response at study end point, hierarchical linear modelling of longitudinal outcome revealed a significant (p = 0.006) advantage of LMP over CPZ for the BPRS total score. Ten of 19 participants on LMP and 8 of 19 on CPZ met the criterion for treatment response, and 9 of the 18 responders did so on 200-700 mg/d phenothiazine. The mean dose of responders was 710 (standard deviation [SD] 265) mg/d (LMP) and 722 (SD 272) mg/d (CPZ). Akathisia was associated with a nonresponse to phenothiazines (p = 0.010). BPRS scores increased significantly on HAL (p = 0.006). Two of 19 participants on LMP and 5 of 19 on CPZ withdrew early from the study.
CONCLUSION
LMP and CPZ may be useful in the management of TRS. A modest advantage of LMP compared with CPZ was seen in longitudinal analysis. High doses of neuroleptics may contribute to TRS; reduction of neuroleptics to modest or moderate doses should be considered before categorizing a patient as treatment resistant.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Chlorpromazine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Male; Methotrimeprazine; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology
PubMed: 16862245
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Pharmacological Sciences Jun 2019Antipsychotics are often the first-line treatment for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. However, the potential anticholinergic effects of antipsychotics...
Antipsychotics are often the first-line treatment for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. However, the potential anticholinergic effects of antipsychotics could counteract the therapeutic effects of cholinesterase inhibitors used to treat dementia. We investigated the inhibitory effects of 26 antipsychotics on [N-Methyl-H]scopolamine specific binding in mouse cerebral cortex. At 10 M, chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, prochlorperazine, timiperone, zotepine, pimozide, blonanserin, olanzapine, quetiapine, and clozapine inhibited [N-Methyl-H]scopolamine binding by > 45%. Furthermore, the pK values of chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, zotepine, olanzapine, and clozapine overlapped with their clinically achievable blood concentrations. Therefore, the anticholinergic properties of these antipsychotics could attenuate the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorpromazine; Cholinergic Antagonists; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Depression, Chemical; Drug Interactions; Male; Methotrimeprazine; Mice, Inbred Strains; Prochlorperazine; Protein Binding; Receptors, Muscarinic; Scopolamine
PubMed: 31178327
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.05.006 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... May 2008Antipsychotic medication is often prescribed to persons with dementia exhibiting behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD). Use of atypical antipsychotics in elderly...
Antipsychotic medication is often prescribed to persons with dementia exhibiting behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD). Use of atypical antipsychotics in elderly persons with dementia is associated with an increased risk of serious cerebrovascular adverse events and increased mortality. Based on a review of available literature, we conclude that atypical antipsychotics have a modest effect on BPSD and potentially serious side effects and that conventional antipsychotics appear to have even less favourable effects and adverse event profiles. Antipsychotic medication in patients with dementia exhibiting BPSD should only be prescribed for short-term treatment of severe symptoms associated with considerable distress or serious risk. Non-pharmacological interventions should be the first-line treatment approach in most cases.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dementia; Haloperidol; Humans; Methotrimeprazine; Middle Aged; Olanzapine; Risk Factors; Risperidone; Stroke
PubMed: 18451888
DOI: No ID Found -
Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Oct 2002Phenothiazine drugs - fluphenazine, chlorpromazine, methotrimeprazine and trifluoperazine - were evaluated as modulating agents against Brazilian chloroquine-resistant...
Phenothiazine drugs - fluphenazine, chlorpromazine, methotrimeprazine and trifluoperazine - were evaluated as modulating agents against Brazilian chloroquine-resistant fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Aiming to simulate therapeutic schedules, chloroquine was employed at the concentration used for sensitive falciparum malaria treatment and anti-psychotic therapeutic concentrations of the phenothiazine drugs were adopted in two-fold serial dilutions. The in vitro microtechnique for drug susceptibility was employed. Unlike earlier reported data, the phenothiazine modulating effect was not observed. However, all the drugs demonstrated intrinsic antiplasmodial activity in concentrations lower than those described in the literature. In addition, IC50 estimates have been shown to be inferior to the usual anti-psychotic therapeutic concentrations. Statistical analysis also suggested an increase in the parasitaemia rate or, even, a predominant antiparasitic effect of phenothiazine over chloroquine when used in combination.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Antimalarials; Chloroquine; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; Phenothiazines; Plasmodium falciparum
PubMed: 12471433
DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762002000700018 -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... May 1985In adult and elderly non-epileptic subjects psychoactive drugs may cause an altered state of consciousness and repetitive irritative EEG discharges. The neurotoxic...
In adult and elderly non-epileptic subjects psychoactive drugs may cause an altered state of consciousness and repetitive irritative EEG discharges. The neurotoxic pathogenesis of this drug-induced confusion and the differentiation from absence status are discussed. Dramatic relief by intravenous benzodiazepines is detailed. Recovery is complete and prognosis is excellent on withdrawal of the offending drug.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepinones; Chlorpromazine; Cimetidine; Clonazepam; Cognition Disorders; Confusion; Dibenzazepines; Electroencephalography; Humans; Methotrimeprazine; Middle Aged
PubMed: 2860211
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.48.5.472 -
Methamphetamine-induced behavioral alterations following repeated administration of methamphetamine.Japanese Journal of Pharmacology Jun 1986Repeated administration of a large dose of methamphetamine (MA) (25 mg/kg, i.p. twice daily for 4 days) to mice enhanced locomotor activity and decreased stereotyped...
Repeated administration of a large dose of methamphetamine (MA) (25 mg/kg, i.p. twice daily for 4 days) to mice enhanced locomotor activity and decreased stereotyped behavior following a subsequent injection of MA. Simultaneous determinations of catecholamines revealed a depletion of brain dopamine. The moderate doses of haloperidol significantly enhanced MA-induced locomotor activity in mice. A significant enhancement of MA-induced locomotor activity was observed in the rats pretreated with 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum, and this effect correlated negatively with the striatal dopamine level. These results suggest that hypofunction of striatal dopaminergic neuron systems induced by repeated administration of MA may be one of possible mechanisms of the enhancement of MA-induced locomotor activity due to the decrease of stereotyped behavior.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Corpus Striatum; Drug Interactions; Haloperidol; Hydroxydopamines; Injections; Male; Methamphetamine; Methotrimeprazine; Mice; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Stereotyped Behavior
PubMed: 3091891
DOI: 10.1254/jjp.41.147 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Mar 1989
Topics: Acetaminophen; Adenocarcinoma; Female; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction; Lung Neoplasms; Methotrimeprazine; Middle Aged; Narcotics; Pain
PubMed: 2703737
DOI: 10.1016/0885-3924(89)90065-1 -
Japanese Journal of Pharmacology Apr 1972
Comparative Study
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Analgesics; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Chlorpromazine; Dental Pulp; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Female; Hippocampus; Male; Methotrimeprazine; Morphine; Motor Cortex; Physical Stimulation; Rabbits; Sciatic Nerve; Somatosensory Cortex
PubMed: 4538418
DOI: 10.1254/jjp.22.264