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Vaccine Apr 2013Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the major cause of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with several malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric... (Review)
Review
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the major cause of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with several malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and lymphoma after organ or stem cell transplant. A candidate vaccine containing soluble EBV glycoprotein gp350 protected cottontop tamarins from EBV lymphoma after challenge with EBV. In the only phase 2 trial of an EBV vaccine in humans, soluble gp350 in alum and monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant reduced the rate of infectious mononucleosis in EBV seronegative adults, but did not affect the rate of EBV infection. A peptide vaccine corresponding to EBV latency proteins has been tested in a small number of adults to prevent infectious mononucleosis. Some of the barriers to development of an EBV vaccine include (a) whether viral proteins in addition to gp350 would be more effective for preventing mononucleosis or EBV malignancies, (b) the difficulty of performing clinical trials to prevent EBV associated malignancies in the absence of good surrogate markers for tumor development, and the long period of time between primary EBV infection and development of many EBV tumors, (c) the lack of knowledge of immune correlates for protection against EBV infection and disease, (d) the limitations in animal models to study protection against EBV infection and disease, and (e) the need for additional information on the economic and societal burden of infectious mononucleosis to assess the cost-benefit of a prophylactic vaccine.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Membrane Glycoproteins; Neoplasms; Vaccines, Subunit; Viral Matrix Proteins; Viral Vaccines
PubMed: 23598481
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.041 -
Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo 2016Infective mononucleosis is most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and in smaller percentage by cytomegalovirus (CMV).
INTRODUCTION
Infective mononucleosis is most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and in smaller percentage by cytomegalovirus (CMV).
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this paper was to determine the clinical and laboratory differences between EBV and CMV infectious mononucleosis in children.
METHODS
Cohort retrospective analytical research was conducted. We used data from medical history in six years period and monitored anamnestic data, frequency of inspection and palpation obtained data during physical examination, several laboratory tests, abdomen ultrasonography examination finding and emergence of disease complications. Statistical processing of data has been performed using SPSS 20.
RESULTS
Total number of examined children was 137, out of which 85.4% were with EBV and 14.6% with CMV infection. Affected children were most commonly younger than eight years. Boys were affected more often. There was no difference in frequency of high temperature, sore throat, bad breath, and respiratory symptomatology between examined children. Differences were discovered in frequency of stomachaches, eyelid swelling, skin rash and fatigue. Differences were not proven in the frequency of angina, lymphadenopathy and splenohepatomegaly between the groups. Values of transaminases and lactic dehydrogenases significantly decreased after seven days of hospitalization in both groups. In children with EBV, values of transaminases declined faster than in children with CMV. Anemia and bacterial superinfection of pharynx were most common disease complications. Thrombocytopenia was more common in children with CMV infection. Average duration of hospitalization was 6.7 days.
CONCLUSION
In children with CMV abdominal pain, eyelid swelling, skin rash, fatigue and thrombocytopenia were more common. In children with EBV values of transaminases declined significantly faster.
Topics: Child; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Female; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Male; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 27276859
DOI: 10.2298/sarh1602056m -
Revue Medicale de Liege Apr 2023A 28-year-old patient is admitted in the emergency department for management of localized pain in the left hypochondrium and left flank that appeared 48 hours before his...
A 28-year-old patient is admitted in the emergency department for management of localized pain in the left hypochondrium and left flank that appeared 48 hours before his visit to the emergency room. At the same time, the patient describes the presence of fever, odynophagia and myalgia present for 8 days. The clinical examination highlights the presence of multiple upper cervical and submandibular bilateral and soft adenopathies of about 1.5 cm. There is also an abdominal defense at the level of the left hypochondrium and the left flank. The exploration will attest the presence of a primary EBV infection associated with a splenic rupture complicated by hemoperitoneum without hemodynamic repercussions. This clinical case illustrates the presence of a rare and potentially fatal complication following a very common disease, infectious mononucleosis.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Rupture, Spontaneous; Splenic Rupture; Infectious Mononucleosis; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Abdominal Pain
PubMed: 37067831
DOI: No ID Found -
The Western Journal of Medicine Aug 1982
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Airway Obstruction; Bed Rest; Blood Cell Count; Brain Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Heart Diseases; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Splenic Rupture; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 7135950
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of General Practice... Oct 2002Infectious mononucleosis is usually an acute, transiently incapacitating condition, but for some sufferers it precipitates chronic illness. It is unclear which patients... (Review)
Review
Infectious mononucleosis is usually an acute, transiently incapacitating condition, but for some sufferers it precipitates chronic illness. It is unclear which patients are at risk of a prolonged state of illness following onset of infectious mononucleosis and if there are any useful preventive measures that would facilitate recovery. The aim of this study was to review all cohort studies and intervention trials that provide information on: (a) the longitudinal course of ill health subsequent to the onset of infectious mononucleosis; (b) the relationship between psychosocial and clinical factors and recovery rate; and (c) the effect of interventions on recovery. A systematic review was conducted, based on a search of the PSYCHINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINHAL databases up to October 2001, and ISI Science and Social Sciences Citation Indices up to 22 November 2001. Eight papers were identified that gave data on illness following onset of infectious mononucleosis. The best evidence concluded that there is a distinct fatigue syndrome after infectious mononucleosis. Eight papers explored risk factors for prolonged illness following acute infectious mononucleosis. Results varied on the association of acute illness characteristics and psychological features with prolonged ill health. Poor physical functioning, namely lengthy convalescence and being less fit or active, consistently predicted chronic ill health. Three trials reported on interventions that aimed to shorten the time taken to resolve symptoms after uncomplicated infectious mononucleosis. None of the drug trials found any evidence that drug therapy shortens recovery time. The trial that compared the effect of activity with imposed bed rest, found that those patients allowed out of bed as soon as they felt able reported a quicker recovery. More information is needed on the course of ill health subsequent to the onset of infectious mononucleosis. Certain risk factors associated with delay may be amenable to a simple intervention in primary care.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 12392128
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Hematology Feb 2017
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Leukocyte Count; Lymphadenopathy; Lymphocytes; Neutropenia; Neutrophils
PubMed: 27564978
DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24542 -
British Medical Journal May 1973
Topics: Aspirin; Diagnosis, Differential; Diphtheria; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Jaundice; Lymphadenitis; Penicillins; Pharyngitis; Skin Manifestations
PubMed: 4704520
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5862.350 -
British Medical Journal Jul 1971
Topics: Ampicillin; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Time Factors
PubMed: 4253722
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5765.48 -
Indian Pediatrics Mar 2012
Topics: Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Male
PubMed: 22484739
DOI: No ID Found -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Jul 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis
PubMed: 35389945
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003535