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Journal of Sport Rehabilitation May 2018The squat is a fundamental movement for weightlifting and sports performance. Both unilateral and bilateral squats are also used to assess transitional and dynamic... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
The squat is a fundamental movement for weightlifting and sports performance. Both unilateral and bilateral squats are also used to assess transitional and dynamic lower-extremity control. Common lower-extremity conditions can have an influence on squat performance. Of interest are the effects of hip musculoskeletal conditions and associated factors, such as hip muscle pain, fatigue, and tightness, on squat performance. Currently, there has been no appraisal of the evidence regarding the association of these conditions and associated factors on squat performance.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the current evidence regarding common hip musculoskeletal conditions and associated factors, such as hip muscle pain, fatigue, and tightness, on squat performance.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A systematic review was conducted according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. A search of PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar® was conducted in October, 2016 using the following keywords alone and in combination: hip, joint, arthritis, pain, range of motion (ROM), fatigue, tightness, pathology, condition, muscle, intraarticular, extraarticular, femoroacetabular impingement, single leg, bilateral, squat, performance, and technique. The grading of studies was conducted using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
The authors identified 35 citations, 15 of which met the inclusion criteria. The qualifying studies yielded a total of 542 subjects (160 men and 382 women; mean age = 29.3 (5.9) y) and measured performance with either the barbell squat, step down, bilateral, or single-leg squat. Femoroacetabular impingement and hip arthroscopy were the only hip conditions found that affected the squat. Associated factors, such as muscle pain, fatigue, and tightness, also influenced squat performance.
CONCLUSION
This review found that common hip conditions and associated factors and their effects on squat performance to be underinvestigated. Future research should focus on the association between common hip conditions and squat performance.
Topics: Arthroscopy; Athletic Performance; Biomechanical Phenomena; Femoracetabular Impingement; Hip; Humans; Muscle Fatigue; Muscle, Skeletal; Myalgia; Range of Motion, Articular
PubMed: 28290757
DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2016-0246 -
BMC Oral Health Feb 2022The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) categorized TMD muscle disorders into 3 subgroups: local myalgia, myofascial pain with spreading and...
BACKGROUND
The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) categorized TMD muscle disorders into 3 subgroups: local myalgia, myofascial pain with spreading and myofascial pain with referral. However, the rationale for such division into subgroups and the pathogenesis and prognosis of muscle-related TMD are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the differences between local myalgia and myofascial pain with referral by means of a biopsychosocial model based on the DC/TMD.
METHODS
This retrospective study included all consecutive TMD patients who were diagnosed according to the DC/TMD in our institution between 2015 and 2018. The Axis I and II findings of patients diagnosed with local myalgia were compared to those of patients with myofascial pain with referral. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
A total of 255 patients (61 men and 194 women, mean age 37.8 ± 15.34 years) were enrolled into the study, 114 in the local myalgia group and 83 in the myofascial pain with referral group. The levels of depression and nonspecific physical symptoms, headache attributed to TMD (HAattrTMD), and characteristic pain intensity (CPI) were significantly higher in the latter group. The significant differences for depression and nonspecific physical symptoms persisted after excluding patients diagnosed with HAattrTMD, however, the levels of significance were lower (p = 0.006 compared to p = 0.033 for depression total score, and p = 0.001 compared to p = 0.046 for nonspecific physical symptoms total score). CPI levels, extent of disability, and pain duration were similar for both groups when excluding for HAattrTMD.
CONCLUSION
The current study findings highlight the importance of differentiating between subgroups of myalgia according to the DC/TMD. The diagnosis of myofascial pain with referral may point to a significant Axis II component.
Topics: Adult; Facial Pain; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myalgia; Referral and Consultation; Retrospective Studies; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Young Adult
PubMed: 35120492
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02048-x -
American Journal of Physical Medicine &... May 2022As the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues to grow, its clinical manifestations are still emerging and are being widely investigated. However, the pain symptoms,...
OBJECTIVE
As the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues to grow, its clinical manifestations are still emerging and are being widely investigated. However, the pain symptoms, including neurological and musculoskeletal pain symptoms, are still poorly understood.
DESIGN
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the prevalence of musculoskeletal and neurological pain symptoms among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Furthermore, the association of clinical and demographic factors with the prevalence of pain symptoms was also investigated.
RESULT
We included 182 hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients with a mean age of 48.86 ± 13.98 yrs. Pain symptoms were reported by 61.54% patients (n = 112). Most common symptoms reported were generalized myalgia (n = 60, 32.96%), headache (n = 50, 27.47%), and low back pain (n = 41, 22.53%). Interestingly, neuropathic pain was present in 14 participants (7.69%). Logistic regression analysis revealed an association of pain symptoms with coronavirus disease 2019 severity, male sex, higher body mass index, and a history of addiction.
CONCLUSIONS
Pain symptoms are common manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019. Generalized myalgia, headache, and low back pain are the three most common new-onset pain symptoms in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Further investigation of pain symptoms and their predictive factors are recommended, which may guide healthcare workers and policymakers to plan in this direction.
TO CLAIM CME CREDITS
Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME.
CME OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Understand common musculoskeletal and neurological pain symptoms among hospitalized COVID-19 patients; (2) Understand the basic etiopathogenesis of COVID-19 associated pain; and (3) Identify factors associated with presence of COVID-19 pain symptoms.
LEVEL
Advanced.
ACCREDITATION
The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Topics: Adult; COVID-19; Cross-Sectional Studies; Headache; Humans; Low Back Pain; Male; Middle Aged; Myalgia
PubMed: 35067551
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001969 -
British Medical Journal Sep 1964
Topics: Electromyography; Humans; Myalgia
PubMed: 14171089
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Dental Research Sep 2022Chronic pain associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) may reflect muscle mechanoreceptor afferent barrage and dysregulated sensory processing. This... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Chronic pain associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) may reflect muscle mechanoreceptor afferent barrage and dysregulated sensory processing. This observational study tested for associations between Characteristic Pain Intensity (CPI), physical symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-15 [PHQ-15]), and cumulative jaw muscle motor load (mV*s). In accordance with institutional review board oversight and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, adult subjects gave informed consent and were identified via Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC-TMD) examination and research protocols. Subjects were assigned to ±Pain groups using DC-TMD criteria for myalgia. CPI scores characterized pain intensity. PHQ-15 scores were surrogate measures of dysregulated sensory processing. Laboratory tests were performed to quantify masseter and temporalis muscle activities (mV) per bite force (N) for each subject. In their natural environments, subjects recorded day- and nighttime electromyography from which cumulative jaw muscle motor loads (mV*s) were determined for activities consistent with bite forces of >1 to ≤2 and >2 to ≤5 N. Data were assessed using univariate analysis of variance, simple effects tests, K-means cluster classification, and 3-dimensional regression analyses. Of 242 individuals screened, 144 enrolled, and 125 with complete data from study protocols, there were 35 females and 15 males for +Pain and 35 females and 40 males for -Pain. Subjects produced 324 daytime and 341 nighttime recordings of average duration 6.9 ± 1.7 and 7.6 ± 1.7 h, respectively. Overall, +Pain compared to -Pain subjects had significantly higher (all ≤ 0.002) CPI and PHQ-15 scores. Cumulative jaw muscle motor loads showed significant between-subject effects for time, diagnostic group, and sex (all < 0.003), where motor loads tended to be higher for daytime versus nighttime, +Pain versus -Pain groups, and males versus females. Two clusters were identified, and regression relations showed associations of low-magnitude daytime masseter motor load, PHQ-15, and CPI scores for cluster 1 ( = 105, = 0.44) and cluster 2 ( = 18, = 0.80). Furthermore, these regression relations showed thresholds of motor load and PHQ-15 scores, above which there were nonlinear increases in reported pain.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Pain; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Male; Masseter Muscle; Myalgia; Perception; Temporal Muscle
PubMed: 35708459
DOI: 10.1177/00220345221099885 -
Medicine Dec 2019The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of preemptive analgesia with paracetamol and ibuprofen to reduce the intensity and incidence of headache and myalgia... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of preemptive intravenous paracetamol and ibuprofen on headache and myalgia in patients after electroconvulsive therapy: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of preemptive analgesia with paracetamol and ibuprofen to reduce the intensity and incidence of headache and myalgia after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
METHODS
Sixty patients with major depression who were treated with ECT were randomized to receive ECT 3 times a week. The first 3 sessions were included in the study. The patients were divided into 3 groups; Group C (Control, Saline, n = 20), Group P (Paracetamol, n = 20), and Group I (Ibuprofen, n = 20). Demographics, duration of seizure, visual analog scale (VAS) for headache and myalgia and nausea, vomiting and pruritus were evaluated at postoperative 24 hours period.
RESULTS
Duration of seizure after ECT was similar in all groups (P = .148). In the study, heart rate and mean arterial pressure were found to be some changes in some of the sessions. There were no significant differences in any comparison for all groups in all sessions regarding VAS scores for headache and myalgia. Incidence of headache and myalgia in Group I was lower than the other groups (P = .233, P = .011, respectively). But, there was no significant difference between the other groups. There was no significant difference in vomiting, intergroups, and intragroup.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of our study indicate that pain intensity of headache and myalgia did not show a significant change between groups and within groups. While pain intensity of myalgia between the groups reached no statistical significance, ibuprofen was significantly lowered the incidence of myalgia at postoperative 24 hours period.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Depressive Disorder, Major; Double-Blind Method; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Headache; Humans; Ibuprofen; Male; Middle Aged; Myalgia; Young Adult
PubMed: 31861028
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018473 -
The Journal of Physiological Sciences :... Jan 2016Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is quite a common consequence of unaccustomed strenuous exercise, especially exercise containing eccentric contraction (lengthening... (Review)
Review
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is quite a common consequence of unaccustomed strenuous exercise, especially exercise containing eccentric contraction (lengthening contraction, LC). Its typical sign is mechanical hyperalgesia (tenderness and movement related pain). Its cause has been commonly believed to be micro-damage of the muscle and subsequent inflammation. Here we present a brief historical overview of the damage-inflammation theory followed by a discussion of our new findings. Different from previous observations, we have observed mechanical hyperalgesia in rats 1-3 days after LC without any apparent microscopic damage of the muscle or signs of inflammation. With our model we have found that two pathways are involved in inducing mechanical hyperalgesia after LC: activation of the B2 bradykinin receptor-nerve growth factor (NGF) pathway and activation of the COX-2-glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) pathway. These neurotrophic factors were produced by muscle fibers and/or satellite cells. This means that muscle fiber damage is not essential, although it is sufficient, for induction of DOMS, instead, NGF and GDNF produced by muscle fibers/satellite cells play crucial roles in DOMS.
Topics: Animals; Exercise; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; Myalgia; Nerve Growth Factors
PubMed: 26467448
DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0397-0 -
La Revue de Medecine Interne Nov 2015Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by symmetrical and painful swelling with a progressive induration and thickening of the... (Review)
Review
Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by symmetrical and painful swelling with a progressive induration and thickening of the skin and soft tissues. The diagnosis of EF is often based on the association of characteristic skin or subcutaneous abnormalities and a thickened fascia with an inflammatory infiltration, mostly composed of lymphocytes and eosinophils. A peripheral eosinophilia is frequently present (60-90%) but is not mandatory for the EF diagnosis. At the onset, the morphological diagnosis might be helped by a muscle magnetic resonance imaging, which typically may evidence an increased signal intensity within the fascia and marked fascia enhancement after gadolinium administration at the acute phase of the disease. Differential diagnoses include eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome after L-tryprophane ingestion, hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES), systemic sclerosis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangeitis, and peripheral T cell lymphomas with cutaneous involvement. There is no consensual therapeutic strategy. However, oral corticosteroids, with or without methylprednisolone pluses, remain the mainstay treatment with a significant improvement for the majority of patients. It might be associated to an immunosuppressive drug, mainly methotrexate, in patients with morphea-like lesions or an unsatisfactory response to corticosteroids alone.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Eosinophilia; Fasciitis; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Immunosuppressive Agents; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Muscle, Skeletal; Myalgia
PubMed: 26385125
DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2015.08.002 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Jan 2021The long-term physiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) infection are not known. The ability of COVID-19 to cause chronic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The long-term physiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) infection are not known. The ability of COVID-19 to cause chronic illness, sarcopenia, and physical deconditioning may be underestimated and go beyond the anticipated respiratory sequelae. Myalgia, lethargy, and anorexia are common symptoms even in mild to moderate cases and have the potential to exacerbate frailty. How this impacts on risk-stratification for patients requiring surgery for time-critical conditions, such as malignancy, requires further urgent investigation.
MAIN BODY
The deleterious effect of sarcopenia and poor physical capacity are well recognised in cancer surgery. This review commentary highlights current evidence which suggests skeletal muscle as an under recognised cause of COVID-19-related functional deconditioning. The mechanisms behind this are via direct (viral induced myositis, nutritional decline, cytokine-mediated myopathy) and indirect mechanisms (social isolation, inactivity, and psychological consequences).
CONCLUSION
Further mechanistic research is required to explore the processes behind the deconditioning effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and how this impacts on treatment of malignant disease.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Myalgia; Neoplasms; Physical Functional Performance; SARS-CoV-2; Sarcopenia; Surgical Procedures, Operative
PubMed: 33430881
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-02117-x -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2021Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a persistent and unexplained pathological state characterized by exertional and severely debilitating... (Review)
Review
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a persistent and unexplained pathological state characterized by exertional and severely debilitating fatigue, with/without infectious or neuropsychiatric symptoms, and with a minimum duration of 6 consecutive months. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood. There are no firmly established diagnostic biomarkers or treatment, due to incomplete understanding of the etiology of ME/CFS and diagnostic uncertainty. Establishing a biomarker for the objective diagnosis is urgently needed to treat a lot of patients. Recently, research on ME/CFS using metabolome analysis methods has been increasing. Here, we overview recent findings concerning the metabolic features in patients with ME/CFS and the animal models which contribute to the development of diagnostic biomarkers for ME/CFS and its treatment. In addition, we discuss future perspectives of studies on ME/CFS.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Humans; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Myalgia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 33810365
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073423