-
Maturitas Nov 2022To study the trajectories of metabolic parameters after bilateral oophorectomy.
OBJECTIVE
To study the trajectories of metabolic parameters after bilateral oophorectomy.
STUDY DESIGN
This population-based cohort study included a random sample of all premenopausal women who underwent bilateral oophorectomy at or before age 45 years from 1988 to 2007 in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and their age-matched (±1 year) referent women who did not undergo bilateral oophorectomy.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The medical records of all women were reviewed to collect the metabolic parameters over a 10-year period. We compared three groups of women: 1) referent women (n = 270), 2) women who underwent bilateral oophorectomy and received estrogen therapy (n = 163), and 3) women who underwent bilateral oophorectomy and did not receive estrogen therapy (n = 107).
RESULTS
Over 10 years of follow-up, the three groups had significantly different mean values of diastolic blood pressure, weight, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, women with and without bilateral oophorectomy were already different at baseline for hyperlipidemia, systolic blood pressure, weight, and BMI. Nevertheless, the trajectories of change over 10 years were significant for weight (group by time interaction p = 0.03), BMI (p = 0.03), and HDL-C (p = 0.004). The changes occurred primarily in the initial 4-5 years. Women who received estrogen therapy after bilateral oophorectomy were comparable to the referent women with respect to the weight and BMI trends, and they experienced an increase in HDL-C over time.
CONCLUSION
Women who underwent bilateral oophorectomy before menopause experienced unfavorable changes in some metabolic parameters possibly increasing their cardiovascular risk.
Topics: Age Factors; Cholesterol; Cohort Studies; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Lipoproteins, HDL; Ovariectomy; Risk Factors; Triglycerides
PubMed: 35905571
DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.07.005 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2021Menopause may be accompanied by abdominal obesity and inflammation, conditions accentuated by high-fat intake, especially of saturated fat (SFA)-rich diets. We...
Oestrogen replacement fails to fully revert ovariectomy-induced changes in adipose tissue monoglycerides, diglycerides and cholesteryl esters of rats fed a lard-enriched diet.
Menopause may be accompanied by abdominal obesity and inflammation, conditions accentuated by high-fat intake, especially of saturated fat (SFA)-rich diets. We investigated the consequences of high-SFA intake on the fatty acid (FA) profile of monoglycerides, diglycerides and cholesteryl esters from retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RET) of rats with ovariectomy-induced menopause, and the effect of oestradiol replacement. Wistar rats were either ovariectomized (Ovx) or sham operated (Sham) and fed either standard chow (C) or lard-enriched diet (L) for 12 weeks. Half of the Ovx rats received 17β-oestradiol replacement (Ovx + E2). Body weight and food intake were measured weekly. RET neutral lipids were chromatographically separated and FAs analysed by gas chromatography. Ovariectomy alone increased body weight, feed efficiency, RET mass, leptin and insulin levels, leptin/adiponectin ratio, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indexes. OvxC + E2 showed attenuation in nearly all blood markers. HOMA-β index was restored in OvxL + E2. OvxC showed significantly disturbed SFA and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) profile in RET cholesteryl esters (CE). OvxC also showed increased monounsaturated FA (MUFA) in the monoglyceride diglyceride (Mono-Di) fraction. Similar changes were not observed in OvxL, although increased SFA and decreased PUFA was observed in Mono-Di. Overall, HRT was only partially able to revert changes induced by ovariectomy. There appears to be increased mobilization of essential FA in Ovx via CE, which is a dynamic lipid species. The same results were not found in Mono-Di, which are more inert. HRT may be helpful to preserve FA profile in visceral fat, but possibly not wholly sufficient in reverting the metabolic effects induced by menopause.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Cholesterol Esters; Diet, High-Fat; Diglycerides; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Lipid Metabolism; Monoglycerides; Ovariectomy; Rats
PubMed: 33589704
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82837-6 -
Surgery Jul 2017
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Clinical Decision-Making; Female; Humans; Informed Consent; Mastectomy; Ovariectomy; Physician-Patient Relations; Therapeutic Misconception
PubMed: 29125122
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2017.01.031 -
International Wound Journal Oct 2016This study investigated the effect of 17β-estradiol on wound healing in 40-week ovariectomised female mice. Thirty-six-week-old female mice were divided into three...
This study investigated the effect of 17β-estradiol on wound healing in 40-week ovariectomised female mice. Thirty-six-week-old female mice were divided into three groups: medication with 17β-estradiol after ovariectomy (OVX + 17β-estradiol), ovariectomy (OVX) and sham (SHAM). The mice received two full-thickness wounds, and the OVX + 17β-estradiol group was administered 17β-estradiol at 0·01 g/day until healing. In the OVX + 17β-estradiol group, the ratio of wound area was significantly smaller than those of the OVX and SHAM groups on days 1-3, 5, 6, 8-12 and 9-12, respectively, the numbers of neutrophils and macrophages were significantly smaller than those on days 3 and 7, the ratio of re-epithelialisation was significantly higher than those on days 3 and 11, the ratio of myofibroblasts was significantly higher than those on day 11 and smaller on day 14, and the ratio of collagen fibres was significantly larger than that of the OVX group on days 7-14. We found that 17β-estradiol administration promotes cutaneous wound healing in 40-week female mice by reducing wound area, shortening inflammatory response, and promoting re-epithelialisation, collagen deposition and wound contraction. Our results suggest that cutaneous wound healing that is delayed because of ageing is promoted by exogenous and continuous 17β-estradiol administration.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Estradiol; Female; Mice; Ovariectomy; Skin; Wound Healing
PubMed: 25132513
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12336 -
Ginekologia Polska 2021The authors aimed to detect the inflammatory marker changes in laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) and abdominal hysterectomy (AH) and to determine whether oophorectomy...
OBJECTIVES
The authors aimed to detect the inflammatory marker changes in laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) and abdominal hysterectomy (AH) and to determine whether oophorectomy affected the results.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The patients who underwent LH and AH with or without oophorectomy between 2018 and 2019 were identified as two groups. The records of patients were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative in the first 24 hours hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HB), white blood cell (WBC), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values were compared.
RESULTS
WBC, NLR, and PLR were statistically increased, and HB and HCT were decreased in all groups in the postoperative period. However, all changes were more prominent in the AH group than in the LH group. In other words, in the postoperative period, there were fewer changes in the inflammatory markers WBC, NLR, and NLR in the LH group. Oophorectomy did not affect these results.
CONCLUSIONS
LH, as in other laparoscopic operations, was associated with lower inflammatory response. The addition of oophorectomy did not increase inflammation in either AH or LH. Clinical Trials registration number is NCT04184765.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Laparoscopy; Lymphocyte Activation; Middle Aged; Neutrophil Activation; Ovariectomy; Platelet Activation; Postoperative Period; Retrospective Studies; Turkey
PubMed: 33448002
DOI: 10.5603/GP.a2020.0146 -
Arthritis Research & Therapy Sep 2018Studies on the relationship between osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) are inconsistent. Therefore, we assessed whether IVDD is affected by...
BACKGROUND
Studies on the relationship between osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) are inconsistent. Therefore, we assessed whether IVDD is affected by vertebral osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice and investigated the underlying pathogenesis of IVDD related to osteoporosis.
METHODS
Thirty healthy female C57BL/6 J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (sham operation, n = 15) and an ovariectomy group (OVX; bilateral ovariectomy, n = 15). At 12 weeks after surgery, the bone quantity and microstructure in the lumbar vertebra and endplate as well as the volume of the L4/5 disc space were evaluated by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The occurrence and characteristic alterations of IVDD were identified via histopathological staining. The osteoclasts were detected using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Type II collagen (Col II), osterix (OSX), osteopontin (OPN), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the intervertebral disc were detected by immunohistochemical analysis.
RESULTS
OVX significantly increased the body weight and decreased the uterus weight. Micro-CT analysis showed that osteoporosis of the vertebra and osteochondral remodeling of the endplate were accompanied by an increase in the endplate porosity and a decrease in the disc volume in the OVX group. Likewise, histological evaluation revealed that IVDD occurred at 12 weeks after ovariectomy, with features of endochondral ossification of the endplate, loose and broken annulus fibrosus, and degeneration of nucleus pulposus. TRAP staining showed that numerous active osteoclasts appeared in the subchondral bone and cartilaginous endplate of OVX mice, whereas osteoclasts were rarely detected in control mice. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the expression of osterix was significantly increased, notably in the endplate of OVX mice. In addition, Col II was decreased in the ossification endplate and the degenerative annulus fibrosus, where OPN and VEGF expressions were elevated in OVX mice.
CONCLUSIONS
OVX induced vertebral osteoporosis and osteochondral remodeling of the cartilaginous endplate contributing to the angiogenesis and an increase in porosity of the bone-cartilage surface, and also affected the matrix metabolism which consequently had detrimental effects on the intervertebral disc. Our study suggests that preserving the structural integrity and the function of the adjacent structures, including the vertebrae and endplates, may protect the disc against degeneration.
Topics: Animals; Bone Remodeling; Chondrocytes; Female; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; Lumbar Vertebrae; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Ovariectomy
PubMed: 30201052
DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1701-1 -
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Nov 2023Advanced bipolar tissue sealer/dividers provide the most reliable and efficient means of tissue dissection and blood vessel sealing in laparoscopic surgery and the...
BACKGROUND
Advanced bipolar tissue sealer/dividers provide the most reliable and efficient means of tissue dissection and blood vessel sealing in laparoscopic surgery and the techniques are continuously improved. In veterinary practice, cost-effectiveness is of major impact, leading to re-use of instruments designed and sold for single use. Two high-end devices were evaluated and compared in a highly standardized laparoscopic ovariectomy procedure in dogs: The new generation Ligasure Maryland Sealer/Divider (LMSD) with improved atraumatic curved jaw shape for delicate tissue handling and dissection and non-stick nanocoating, and the new-generation Articulating Enseal G2 (AENG2) with several proclaimed features improving surgical performance, including articulation of the forceps tip; improved tissue compression during sealing; unique offset electrode configuration; and specific nanoparticle coating minimizing thermal spread and tissue sticking. Twenty-one client-owned dogs admitted for elective laparoscopic ovariectomy were randomly assigned to one of two groups: ovariectomy using AENG2 on the left ovary and LMSD in the right ovary or vice-versa. Procedural video recordings were used to assess ovarian ligament fat score, smoke formation, occurrence of bleeding, and excision duration. Excised tissues were examined histopathologically and collateral thermal damage was scored in three anatomic zones: suspensory ligament, vascular pedicle, and uterine junction. Tissue sealers were used repeatedly following standardized cleaning protocol with instrument washing machine and ethylene oxide gas sterilization and the number of uses until device failure was recorded.
RESULTS
Excision times were significantly increased for AENG2 (median 01:35 min) compared to LMSD (median 01:00 min). Minor hemorrhage from incomplete sealing occurred in 3 sites in 2 patients (2x AENG2, 1x LMSD) and was not significantly different between groups. Smoke production as scored on videos and thermal tissue damage scores on histopathology also did not differ between AENG2 and LMSD. Both vessel sealers could be re-used repeatedly.
CONCLUSION
AENG2 provides a good alternative to LMSD in laparoscopic ovariectomy, with only minor differences in measured variables. Subjectively, the articulating feature of AENG2 did not improve surgical performance in laparoscopic ovariectomy and the use of LMSD appeared more straight-forward for this specific procedure. However, differences in operating these devices may be subject to personal preference.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Female; Laparoscopy; Maryland; Ovariectomy; Surgical Instruments; Uterus
PubMed: 38031198
DOI: 10.1186/s13028-023-00715-9 -
BMC Veterinary Research Oct 2019Ovariectomy is a common procedure in laboratory rodents used to create a post-menopausal state. Complications including post-surgical abscess are rarely reported, but...
BACKGROUND
Ovariectomy is a common procedure in laboratory rodents used to create a post-menopausal state. Complications including post-surgical abscess are rarely reported, but merit consideration for the health and safety of experimental animals.
CASE PRESENTATION
A female C57/black6 mouse was ovariectomized as part of a cohort study. At Day 14 post-surgery, she developed a visible swelling on the right side, which 7 days later increased in size over 24 h, leading to euthanasia of the animal. Gross pathology was consistent with abscess. A core of necrotic tissue was present in the uterine horn. Abscess fluid and affected tissue were collected for Gram stain and bacteriological culture. The abscess core and fluid yielded three distinct types of bacterial colonies identified by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing as Streptococcus acidominimus, Pasteurella caecimuris, and a novel species in the genus Gemella.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first report of polymicrobial abscess in a rodent as a complication of ovariectomy, and the first description of a novel Gemella species for which we have proposed the epithet Gemella muriseptica. This presentation represents a potential complication of ovariectomy in laboratory animals.
Topics: Abscess; Animals; Female; Gemella; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Ovariectomy; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Postoperative Complications; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Streptococcus
PubMed: 31651316
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2125-0 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science May 2023Studies in human medicine have concluded that acetazolamide reduces pain associated with carbon dioxide insufflation during laparoscopic surgery. However, there are no...
BACKGROUND
Studies in human medicine have concluded that acetazolamide reduces pain associated with carbon dioxide insufflation during laparoscopic surgery. However, there are no published reports regarding the use of acetazolamide for this purpose in companion animals, despite the increasing popularity of laparoscopic techniques in veterinary medicine due to their advantages over open surgeries.
OBJECTIVES
Thirty mixed-breed female dogs were included in the study and randomly assigned to one of three groups: OVE (median celiotomy ovariectomy; n = 10), OVEL (laparoscopic ovariectomy, n = 10) and OVELA (laparoscopic ovariectomy with acetazolamide preoperative administration; n = 10). Experienced surgeons performed all procedures, and the anaesthetic and analgesic protocols were identical for all animals. Acetazolamide was administered orally (at a dose of 25 mg/kg) 2 h prior to induction in the OVELA group. Postoperative pain was evaluated using serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and the University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS) Score.
RESULTS
Any statistical differences were observed in the UMPS scores when the OVELA group was compared to the OVEL group at 1 h after surgery (p = 0.515), 12 h (p = 0.375) and 24 h (p = 0.242). Animals undergoing open surgery (OVE group) had significantly higher pain scores at all times after surgery when compared with OVEL and OVELA groups. A high positive correlation (r = 0.792; p = 0.01) was found between serum and saliva cortisol concentrations. Mean saliva cortisol concentration was not significantly lower for the OVELA group compared to the other groups.
CONCLUSIONS
This study found evidence that preoperative administration of acetazolamide may be beneficial in managing postoperative pain in dogs after laparoscopic surgeries. However, further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm this and to determine if acetazolamide should be included in a multimodal postoperative analgesia protocol for laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Female; Acetazolamide; Dog Diseases; Hydrocortisone; Laparoscopy; Ovariectomy; Pain, Postoperative; Premedication
PubMed: 36952262
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1115 -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Feb 2009The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between bilateral oophorectomy (BSO) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between bilateral oophorectomy (BSO) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).
STUDY DESIGN
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, meeting abstracts, and reference lists for studies that compared women with BSO at the time of hysterectomy with: (1) women with hysterectomy and ovarian conservation, (2) naturally menopausal women, (3) premenopausal women, or (4) women with no history of hysterectomy or BSO but unreported menopausal status. The primary outcome was fatal or nonfatal CHD.
RESULTS
We reviewed 1956 citations. Seven observational studies met inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity among studies precluded formal metaanalysis. Four studies reported BSO increases risk for CHD but only in some subgroups of women or not in fully adjusted multivariate models. Three studies found no increased risk of CHD following BSO, but these studies had significant limitations.
CONCLUSION
The existing evidence is inconclusive to determine the effect of BSO on risk of CHD.
Topics: Coronary Disease; Female; Humans; Menopause; Ovariectomy; Risk Factors
PubMed: 19019330
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.08.045