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Journal of the American Veterinary... Apr 2018
Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antifungal Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Minocycline; Paecilomyces
PubMed: 29553898
DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.7.813 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Dec 2022() is a fungal species found in soil, wood and some foods, and has been associated with some severe systemic infections. has not been previously identified in carious...
() is a fungal species found in soil, wood and some foods, and has been associated with some severe systemic infections. has not been previously identified in carious tissue, and the aim of the present study is to report the presence of in a deep carious lesion discussing its possible local and systemic associations. A 28 year-old male was submitted to extraction of the upper left second premolar (tooth #25) presenting a deep carious lesion. After extraction the tooth was cleaved in its long axis, and the infected dentinal tissue was curetted and submitted to microbiological analysis using CHROMagar® Candida medium and Malt Extract Agar. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of P. variotti in the carious tissue. Post-operatory period was uneventful, healing of the dental socket was complete, and the patient remained well during the follow-up period. , a fungus not considered saprophyte in the oral cavity, was encountered in a deep caries lesion, and its potential association with local and systemic infections should be considered. Paecilomyces variotti, dental caries.
PubMed: 36601242
DOI: 10.4317/jced.60031 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Continuous cropping of watermelon () may lead to soil degradation. As a soil conditioner, microbial agent has great potential in improving soil function and enhancing...
Continuous cropping of watermelon () may lead to soil degradation. As a soil conditioner, microbial agent has great potential in improving soil function and enhancing plant growth. In this study, we aimed to explore how microbial agent relieves the soil sickness of watermelon by analyzing watermelon performance, soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structures. Results suggested that microbial agent treatments significantly changed the photosynthetic efficiency of upper and lower leaves, which helped improve the growth of watermelon. The single fruit weight, fruit sugar degree and total phosphorus of soil following treatment with a mixture of DZ910 and KC1723 (treatment D_K) were higher than those in single biofertilizer treatments and control. The soil microbial community under microbial agent treatments also changed significantly, indicating the feasibility of using microbial agents as soil remediations. The proportions of and , changed significantly after using microbial agents. increased significantly after KC1723 and D_K treatments, while increased significantly after using all three kinds of microbial agents compared to control. Increases in these bacteria were positively correlated with agronomic variables of watermelon. The fungi and in the soil, which create an soil sickness of watermelon, decreased after KC1723 and D_K treatments. Meanwhile, and were positively related to incidence and negatively correlated with watermelon growth (single fruit weight and photosynthetic efficiency of upper leaves). Our microbial agent, especially D_K, represents a useful technique for alleviating soil sickness in watermelon.
PubMed: 36713202
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1101975 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2021Paecilomyces variotii xylanase was, produced in stirred tank bioreactor with yield of 760 U/mL and purified using 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultra-filtration...
Paecilomyces variotii xylanase was, produced in stirred tank bioreactor with yield of 760 U/mL and purified using 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultra-filtration causing 3.29-fold purification with 34.47% activity recovery. The enzyme purity was analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) confirming its monomeric nature as single band at 32 KDa. Zymography showed xylan hydrolysis activity at the same band. The purified enzyme had optimum activity at 60 °C and pH 5.0. The pH stability range was 5-9 and the temperature stability was up 70 °C. Feand Fe exhibited inhibition of xylanase enzyme while Cu, Ca, Mg and Mn stimulated its activity. Mercaptoethanol stimulated its activity; however, Na-EDTA and SDS inhibited its activity. The purified xylanase could hydrolyze beechwood xylan but not carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), avicel or soluble starch. Paecilomyces variotii xylanase K and V for beechwood were determined to be 3.33 mg/mL and 5555 U/mg, respectively. The produced xylanase enzyme applied on beech xylan resulted in different types of XOS. The antioxidant activity of xylo-oligosaccharides increased from 15.22 to 70.57% when the extract concentration was increased from 0.1 to 1.5 mg/mL. The enzyme characteristics and kinetic parameters indicated its high efficiency in the hydrolysis of xylan and its potential effectiveness in lignocellulosic hydrolysis and other industrial application. It also suggests the potential of xylanase enzyme for production of XOS from biomass which are useful in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Topics: Antioxidants; Bioreactors; Byssochlamys; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases; Glucuronates; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oligosaccharides
PubMed: 34389757
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95965-w -
Phomoxanthone A, Compound of Endophytic Fungi sp. and Its Potential Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022The present work reports the isolation and biological evaluation of three dimeric xanthones from sp. EJC01.1 isolated as endophytic from , a typical plant of the...
The present work reports the isolation and biological evaluation of three dimeric xanthones from sp. EJC01.1 isolated as endophytic from , a typical plant of the Amazon. The compounds phomoxanthone A (), phomoxanthone B () and dicerandrol B () were isolated by chromatographic procedures and identified by spectroscopic methods of 1D and 2D NMR and MS. The extracts and compound showed antimicrobial activities against , , , and . The compound phomoxanthone A () showed greater inhibitory activity against (MIC of 7.81 µg mL); in addition, it also pronounced inhibitory effect against promastigote forms of (IC of 16.38 ± 1.079 µg mL) and epimastigote forms (IC of 28.61 ± 1.071 µg mL). To provide more information about the antibacterial activity of compound 1, an unprecedented molecular docking study was performed using S-ribosyl-homocysteine lyase (LuxS) (PDB ID 2FQO), which showed a possible interaction of phomoxanthone A with two of the residues (His58 and Cys126) that are fundamental for the catalysis mechanism in , which may be associated with the higher activity, when compared to other bacteria, observed in experimental studies. Additionally, quantum studies (DFT) were performed, for which a low gap value (5.982 eV) was observed, which corroborates the reactivity of phomoxanthone A. Thus, phomoxanthone A can be a good agent against pathogenic bacteria.
PubMed: 36289990
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101332 -
ACS Omega Jun 2020A novel biostimulant, extracts (ZNC), with the ability to promote N absorption in the plant at a very low level has been proved in the lab experiment, but its chemical...
A novel biostimulant, extracts (ZNC), with the ability to promote N absorption in the plant at a very low level has been proved in the lab experiment, but its chemical composition and practical effect in the field remain unclear. In this work, we determined the molecular composition of ZNC. Then, a three-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the synergistic effects of controlled-release urea (CRU) without ZNC or with ZNC at three doses (87.5, 175, and 262.5 mL ha) on the yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and net returns of rice. Results indicated that ZNC contained more carbohydrates, amino acids, alkyl structures, and less aromatic structures with a molecular weight between 140 and 2507 Da. Rice yield was 6.9-21.0% higher with CRU than with conventional urea. Combining CRU with ZNC at a dose of 87.5 mL ha performed the best and significantly increased rice yields by 8.7-12.1%, NUE by 15.0-20.2%, and average net returns by 10.9-15.4% during three rice-growing seasons compared to the application of CRU only, which is attributed to the positively increasing panicles and N uptake of rice. With the increased dose of ZNC, the yield of rice showed a decreasing trend, but the yield was still higher/not significant than the CFF treatment without ZNC. Therefore, the planting patterns with the combination of CRU and biostimulant are an efficient way to increase the rice grain yield and net returns.
PubMed: 32548517
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01348 -
European Journal of Case Reports in... 2021species are a rare cause of fungal pulmonary infections in immunocompromised hosts. and are the two most common species of clinical significance. Both species differ...
UNLABELLED
species are a rare cause of fungal pulmonary infections in immunocompromised hosts. and are the two most common species of clinical significance. Both species differ in their susceptibility to antifungal agents. We present a rare case of a 47-year-old immunocompromised woman who developed pneumonia despite being on voriconazole prophylaxis. We also present a review of the literature on other reported cases.
LEARNING POINTS
species differ in their susceptibility to antifungal agents.Breakthrough invasive mould infections are increasingly being documented in immunocompromised patients on voriconazole prophylaxis.Posaconazole has been shown to be effective against both species.
PubMed: 34268271
DOI: 10.12890/2021_002651 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 2021Fungi that degrade B20 biodiesel in storage tanks have also been linked to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). A member of the filamentous fungal genus...
Fungi that degrade B20 biodiesel in storage tanks have also been linked to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). A member of the filamentous fungal genus Paecilomyces and a yeast from the genus Wickerhamomyces were isolated from heavily contaminated B20 storage tanks from multiple Air Force bases. Although these taxa were linked to microbiologically influenced corrosion , precise measurement of their corrosion rates and pitting severity on carbon steel was not available. In the experiments described here, we directly link fungal growth on B20 biodiesel to higher corrosion rates and pitting corrosion of carbon steel under controlled conditions. When these fungi were growing solely on B20 biodiesel for carbon and energy, consumption of FAME and -alkanes was observed. The corrosion rates for both fungi were highest at the interface between the B20 biodiesel and the aqueous medium, where they acidified the medium and produced deeper pits than abiotic controls. Paecilomyces produced the most corrosion of carbon steel and produced the greatest pitting damage. This study characterizes and quantifies the corrosion of carbon steel by fungi that are common in fouled B20 biodiesel through their metabolism of the fuel, providing valuable insight for assessing MIC associated with storing and dispensing B20 biodiesel. Biodiesel is widely used across the United States and worldwide, blended with ultra-low-sulfur diesel in various concentrations. In this study, we were able to demonstrate that the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces AF001 and the yeast Wickerhamomyces SE3 were able to degrade fatty acid methyl esters and alkanes in biodiesel, causing increases in acidity. Both fungi also accelerated the corrosion of carbon steel, especially at the interface of the fuel and water, where their biofilms were located. This research provides controlled, quantified measurements and the localization of microbiologically influenced corrosion caused by common fungal contaminants in biodiesel fuels.
Topics: Alkanes; Biofuels; Carbon; Corrosion; Paecilomyces; Saccharomycetales; Steel
PubMed: 34586908
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01177-21 -
The Journal of General Virology Nov 2023is a thermo-tolerant, ubiquitous fungus commonly found in food products, indoor environments, soil and clinical samples. It is a well-known biocontrol agent used...
is a thermo-tolerant, ubiquitous fungus commonly found in food products, indoor environments, soil and clinical samples. It is a well-known biocontrol agent used against phytopathogenic fungi and its metabolites have many industrial applications. Rare reports of related human infections have been found in the medical literature. In this study, we report for the first time the infection of isolated from a soil sample collected in a rice field with a double-stranded RNA virus, Paeciliomyces variotii partitivirus 1 (PvPV-1) in the family harboured icosahedral virus particles 30 nm in diameter with two dsRNA segments 1758 and 1356 bp long. Both dsRNA1 and dsRNA2 have a single open reading frame encoding proteins of 63 and 40 kDa, respectively. These proteins have significant similarity to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and capsid protein encoded by the genomic segments of several viruses from the family . Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PvPV-1 belongs to the family but in an unclassified group/genus, tentatively nominated Zetapartitivirus. PvPV-1 was found to increase the growth rate of the host fungus, as indicated by time course experiments performed on a range of different media for virus-infected and virus-free isogenic lines. Further, dual-culture assays performed for both isogenic lines confirmed the antagonistic potential of against other phytopathogenic fungi. The findings of this study assist us in understanding as a potential biocontrol agent, together with plant-fungus-virus interactions.
Topics: Humans; Phylogeny; Byssochlamys; Capsid Proteins; Soil
PubMed: 38015047
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001925 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Dec 2015Due its innate ability to produce extracellular enzymes which can provide eco-friendly solutions for a variety of biotechnological applications, Paecilomyces variotii is... (Review)
Review
Due its innate ability to produce extracellular enzymes which can provide eco-friendly solutions for a variety of biotechnological applications, Paecilomyces variotii is a potential source of industrial bioproducts. In this review, we report biotechnological records on the biochemistry of different enzymes produced by the fermentation of the P. variotii fungus, including tannases, phytases, cellulases, xylanases, chitinases, amylases and pectinases. Additionally, the main physicochemical properties which can affect the enzymatic reactions of the enzymes involved in the conversion of a huge number of substrates to high-value bioproducts are described. Despite all the background information compiled in this review, more research is required to consolidate the catalytic efficiency of P. variotii, which must be optimized so that it is more accurate and reproducible on a large scale.
Topics: 6-Phytase; Biotechnology; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Cellulases; Fermentation; Fungal Proteins; Industrial Microbiology; Paecilomyces
PubMed: 26274842
DOI: 10.1111/jam.12934