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Ugeskrift For Laeger Jan 2014
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Panniculitis; Thigh
PubMed: 24629686
DOI: No ID Found -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Feb 2012
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Leg; Pancreatic Diseases; Panniculitis; Skin
PubMed: 22158400
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.110530 -
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and... Feb 2021Infiltrated macrophages actively promote perivascular adipose tissue remodeling and represent a dominant population in the perivascular adipose tissue microenvironment...
OBJECTIVE
Infiltrated macrophages actively promote perivascular adipose tissue remodeling and represent a dominant population in the perivascular adipose tissue microenvironment of hypertensive mice. However, the role of macrophages in initiating metabolic inflammation remains uncertain. SIRT3 (sirtuin-3), a NAD-dependent deacetylase, is sensitive to metabolic status and mediates adaptation responses. In this study, we investigated the role of SIRT3-mediated metabolic shift in regulating NLRP3 (Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome activation. Approach and Results: Here, we report that Ang II (angiotensin II) accelerates perivascular adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis, accompanied by NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL (interleukin)-1β secretion in myeloid SIRT3 knockout (SIRT3) mice. This effect is associated with adipose tissue mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro studies indicate that the deletion of SIRT3 in bone marrow-derived macrophages induces IL-1β production by shifting the metabolic phenotype from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Mechanistically, SIRT3 deacetylates and activates PDHA1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha) at lysine 83, and the loss of SIRT3 leads to PDH activity decrease and lactate accumulation. Knocking down LDHA (lactate dehydrogenase A) or using carnosine, a buffer against lactic acid, attenuates IL-1β secretion. Furthermore, the blockade of IL-1β from macrophages into brown adipocytes restores thermogenic markers and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Moreover, NLRP3 knockout (NLRP3) mice exhibited reduced IL-1β production while rescuing the mitochondrial function of brown adipocytes and alleviating perivascular adipose tissue fibrosis.
CONCLUSIONS
SIRT3 represents a potential therapeutic target to attenuate NLRP3-related inflammation. Pharmacological targeting of glycolytic metabolism may represent an effective therapeutic approach.
Topics: Acetylation; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Angiotensin II; Animals; Cell Plasticity; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Fibrosis; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammasomes; Interleukin-1beta; Lactic Acid; Macrophages; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Panniculitis; Phenotype; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide); Signal Transduction; Sirtuin 3; Mice
PubMed: 33327751
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315337 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2020Adipocytes are the largest cell type in terms of volume, but not number, in adipose tissue. Adipocytes are prominent contributors to systemic metabolic health. Obesity,... (Review)
Review
Adipocytes are the largest cell type in terms of volume, but not number, in adipose tissue. Adipocytes are prominent contributors to systemic metabolic health. Obesity, defined by excess adipose tissue (AT), is recognized as a low-grade chronic inflammatory state. Cytokines are inflammatory mediators that are produced in adipose tissue (AT) and function in both AT homeostatic as well as pathological conditions. AT inflammation is associated with systemic metabolic dysfunction and obesity-associated infiltration and proliferation of immune cells occurs in a variety of fat depots in mice and humans. AT immune cells secrete a variety of chemokines and cytokines that act in a paracrine manner on adjacent adipocytes. TNFα, IL-6, and MCP-1, are well studied mediators of AT inflammation. Oncostatin M (OSM) is another proinflammatory cytokine that is elevated in AT in human obesity, and its specific receptor (OSMRβ) is also induced in conditions of obesity and insulin resistance. OSM production and paracrine signaling in AT regulates adipogenesis and the functions of AT. This review summarizes the roles of the oncostatin M receptor (OSMRβ) as a modulator of adipocyte development and function its contributions to immunological adaptations in AT in metabolic disease states.
Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Homeostasis; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Insulin Resistance; Obesity; Oncostatin M; Oncostatin M Receptor beta Subunit; Panniculitis; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 33854494
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.612013 -
Acta Medica Portuguesa 2009The Sclerosing Mesenteritis is a rare idiopathic disease. It represents the final stadium of progression of the chronic inflammatory illnesses of the intestinal...
The Sclerosing Mesenteritis is a rare idiopathic disease. It represents the final stadium of progression of the chronic inflammatory illnesses of the intestinal mesentery, with predominance of fibrosis. The clinical manifestations are varied and unspecific. Diagnosis, that demands high degree of suspicion, can be presumed for imaging study, that discloses heterogeneous mass with tumor-like appearance, and confirmed on the basis of anatomo-pathological examination. The treatment is empirical and the prognostic is habitually favourable, over all in initial stadiums of the illness, being in a minority fatal. The authors describe the clinical case of a 50 years-old woman, admitted in the hospital for abdominal pain, ascitis and fever and that by radiological suspicion of peritoneal carcinomatosis and negative complementary study for primitive neoplasm, was submitted to an exploring laparotomy. Observed accented thickening of the mesentery that formed an extensive adherent conglomerate of bowel loops, whose biopsy had disclosed to be a sclerosing mesenteritis. Was verified an irrelevant answer to the treatment and an unfavourable, lethal, clinical course. The authors provide a literature review concerning the most relevant aspects of this disease.
Topics: Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Panniculitis, Peritoneal
PubMed: 20350470
DOI: No ID Found -
Mesenteric Panniculitis (MP): A Frequent Coincidental CT Finding of Debatable Clinical Significance.RoFo : Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der... Nov 2018Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) is histologically characterized by chronic nonspecific inflammation of the adipose tissue of the intestinal mesentery with unclear... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) is histologically characterized by chronic nonspecific inflammation of the adipose tissue of the intestinal mesentery with unclear etiology. MP occurs predominantly in men, mostly in mid to late adulthood. MP is typically found as an incidental diagnosis on abdominal CT.
METHODS
A comprehensive review of the literature including case reports and cohort studies was performed. Therefore, a global search in PubMed was carried out. Search terms were (and/or) "mesenteric panniculitis", "panniculitis mesenterialis", "mesenteric lymph nodes", "CT", "imaging", "sclerosing mesenteritis", "case report", "therapy".
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
MP is a relatively common CT finding. The true prevalence seems to be higher than the reported 0.6 % to 2.4 % due to underreporting. The most important differential diagnosis is malignant lymphoma, which may be difficult to distinguish from MP. The majority of patients with MP are clinically asymptomatic and do not require therapy. In rare symptomatic cases, non-specific symptoms like abdominal pain, fever, nausea or vomiting occur. For therapy, glucocorticoids and tamoxifen have been suggested. Several studies suggested that MP is associated with other diseases and might be a paraneoplastic phenomenon, but four recently published case-control studies suggest that MP is an independent non-specific benign age-related phenomenon. However, two further studies show a possible association of MP with malignant lymphoma. The clinical relevance of MP remains the subject of scientific debate.
KEY POINTS
· Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) is a non-specific, chronic inflammation of the mesenteric adipose tissue with characteristic CT signs. · MP is a relatively common incidental finding on abdominal CT. · Malignant lymphoma is the main differential diagnosis. · An association of MP with other diseases including malignancy has been discussed but cannot be confirmed unequivocally. · MP is rarely symptomatic with fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.
CITATION FORMAT
· Gögebakan Ö, Osterhoff MA, Albrecht T. Mesenteric Panniculitis (MP): A Frequent Coincidental CT Finding of Debatable Clinical Significance. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2018; 190: 1044 - 1052.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Incidental Findings; Lymphoma; Male; Mesentery; Middle Aged; Panniculitis, Peritoneal; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30189433
DOI: 10.1055/a-0633-3558 -
Dermatologic Therapy Jan 2021A method for the treatment of panniculitis caused by progesterone injection is introduced. Sixteen patients achieved good results. This is a 9-year single center... (Review)
Review
A method for the treatment of panniculitis caused by progesterone injection is introduced. Sixteen patients achieved good results. This is a 9-year single center retrospective study. Of all the 5633 patients who received progesterone injection, 16 developed panniculitis at the injection site. Pathological examination confirmed the occurrence of panniculitis. The patient received physical therapy. These treatments are determined by the course of the patient. Compared with patients without panniculitis, patients with panniculitis received more than one injection of progesterone. In 16 patients, symptoms and local signs disappeared completely in 15 patients. One patient did not take physical therapy according to the doctor's advice after the treatment improved. However, 1 month later, the patient went to see the doctor again and received the relevant physical therapy, and still achieved good results. Progesterone injection may lead to panniculitis, which is rare but may cause serious consequences. Physical therapy can be effective.
Topics: Humans; Panniculitis; Physical Therapy Modalities; Progesterone; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33141504
DOI: 10.1111/dth.14501 -
Turk Patoloji Dergisi 2015Excess energy intake and a sedentary lifestyle have led to increasing incidence of obesity which is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance.... (Review)
Review
Excess energy intake and a sedentary lifestyle have led to increasing incidence of obesity which is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance. Research in the last two decades has revealed that chronic-low grade inflammation in adipose tissue is a key link between obesity and insulin resistance. As a result, adipose tissue is now considered an active immune organ with a key role in metabolic homeostasis. In the course of obesity, cells of the immune system infiltrate visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in an active process that promotes local and systemic inflammation. This inflammatory process in VAT is driven by various subsets of immune cells and is a central mechanism connecting obesity with its metabolic complications. One key event of adipose tissue inflammation is the switching of macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. In addition, recent research has discovered an expanding list of immune cells contributing to this inflammatory process. Pro-inflammatory immune cells are crucial to obese VAT inflammation because of their production of cytokines, which can interfere with insulin signaling in peripheral tissues. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the pathology of innate and adaptive immune cells in obese adipose tissue, with emphasis in the immunological mechanisms mediating obesity-associated insulin resistance.
Topics: Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Inflammation Mediators; Insulin Resistance; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Panniculitis; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 26177326
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2015.01323 -
Revista Chilena de Pediatria Feb 2020Panniculitis is a group of diseases that affect subcutaneous fat tissue and clinically manifest as nodules. Its pathogenesis is not entirely clear, and it is usually...
INTRODUCTION
Panniculitis is a group of diseases that affect subcutaneous fat tissue and clinically manifest as nodules. Its pathogenesis is not entirely clear, and it is usually asymptomatic. The confirma tory diagnosis is histological.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a case of fat necrosis, a specific form of panniculitis in the newborn (NB).
CLINICAL CASE
40-week female NB, born by emergency cesarean section due to fetal tachycardia with meconium, Apgar score 7-8-9. She required oxygen and positive pressure for five minutes. On the fifth day of life, she presen ted an increased volume in the posterior trunk region, with an erythematous - purplish discoloration, which is soft and non-tender to palpation. Skin and soft tissues ultrasound showed increased echo genicity of the subcutaneous cellular tissue and loss of definition of the adipocytes of 42.3 x 9.7 x 20.1 mm approximately, without vascularization. Skin biopsy showed epidermis with irregular acanthosis and basket-weave orthokeratosis; papillary dermis with inflammatory infiltrate, and reticular dermis and adipose tissue with presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrate with a tendency to form nodules, without vascular involvement, and small cholesterol deposits, compatible with subcutaneous fat ne crosis (SBFN) of the newborn. The patient at three months of age had complete regression of the lesion.
CONCLUSIONS
a clinically and histologically compatible case with SBFN is described, that did not present complications during observation. In general, this pathology has a good prognosis, with spontaneous resolution as in our case.
Topics: Fat Necrosis; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Panniculitis; Remission, Spontaneous
PubMed: 32730418
DOI: 10.32641/rchped.v91i1.1168 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jul 1999
Topics: Cyclosporine; Drug Resistance; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative; Steroids
PubMed: 10435355
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.38.522