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Deutsches Arzteblatt International Aug 2022
Topics: Humans; Papilloma; Skin
PubMed: 36384928
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0088 -
CA: a Cancer Journal For Clinicians 1978
Topics: Carcinoma in Situ; Humans; Papilloma; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 418856
DOI: 10.3322/canjclin.28.3.170 -
Cell Death and Differentiation Apr 2023Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has risen dramatically as a result of chronic exposure to sunlight ultraviolet (UV) radiation, climatic changes and clinical conditions...
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has risen dramatically as a result of chronic exposure to sunlight ultraviolet (UV) radiation, climatic changes and clinical conditions associated with immunosuppression. In spite of considerable progress, our understanding of the mechanisms that control NMSC development and their associated molecular and immunological landscapes is still limited. Here we demonstrated a critical role for galectin-7 (Gal-7), a β-galactoside-binding protein preferentially expressed in skin tissue, during NMSC development. Transgenic mice (Tg46) overexpressing Gal-7 in keratinocytes showed higher number of papillomas compared to WT mice or mice lacking Gal-7 (Lgals7) when subjected to a skin carcinogenesis protocol, in which tumor initiator 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were sequentially administered. RNAseq analysis of Tg46 tumor lesions revealed a unique profile compatible with cells of the myelomonocytic lineage infiltrating these tumors, an effect that was substantiated by a higher number of CD11bGr1 cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Heightened c-Met activation and Cxcl-1 expression in Tg46 lesions suggested a contribution of this pathway to the recruitment of these cells. Remarkably, Gal-7 bound to the surface of CD11bLy6CLy6G monocytic myeloid cells and enhanced their immunosuppressive activity, as evidenced by increased IL-10 and TGF-β secretion, and higher T-cell inhibitory activity. In vivo, carcinogen-treated Lgals7 animals adoptively transferred with Gal-7-conditioned monocytic myeloid cells developed higher number of papillomas, whereas depletion of these cells in Tg46-treated mice led to reduction in the number of tumors. Finally, human NMSC biopsies showed increased LGALS7 mRNA and Gal-7 protein expression and displayed transcriptional profiles associated with myeloid programs, accompanied by elevated CXCL1 expression and c-Met activation. Thus, Gal-7 emerges as a critical mediator of skin carcinogenesis and a potential therapeutic target in human NMSC.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Humans; Carcinogens; Skin Neoplasms; Papilloma; Carcinogenesis; Mice, Transgenic; Galectins; Skin; Immunity, Innate
PubMed: 36693903
DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01108-7 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Narrow-band imaging (NBI) represents a valid aid in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) diagnosis for detecting vascular changes. However, LSCC and laryngeal... (Review)
Review
Narrow-band imaging (NBI) represents a valid aid in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) diagnosis for detecting vascular changes. However, LSCC and laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) show similar vascular patterns that may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This review aims to deepen this NBI limit in order to stress a careful preoperative evaluation of laryngeal lesions. The research was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases using specific keywords. The topic of research was assessed by these parameters: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. This review included only five articles: they demonstrated that NBI is better than white-light endoscopy in detecting LSCC and LP. They also reported that LP is frequently mistaken for LSCC, resulting in high rates of false positives using NBI. This is the first review that emphasized this NBI limitation in distinguishing between LP and LSCC in cases of a type V pattern of intraepithelial papillary capillary loop. Although NBI application increased the rate of early cancer detection, LP reduces NBI accuracy. This drawback may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. Our advice is to be careful in cases of type V pattern on NBI and to research LP epithelial and clinical features because it could be a pitfall.
Topics: Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngoscopy; Narrow Band Imaging; Papilloma; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 35886569
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148716 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2010Vulvar vestibular papillomatosis is considered an anatomical variant of the vulva. Recognition of this condition enables one to distinguish it from warts and therefore...
Vulvar vestibular papillomatosis is considered an anatomical variant of the vulva. Recognition of this condition enables one to distinguish it from warts and therefore avoid unnecessary therapy. A 29-year-old lady presented to this clinic with a history of 'small growths' in her vulva since two years. Examination identified skin colored translucent papules; some of them appeared digitate and were seen on the vestibule and inner aspect of both labia minora. They were soft to feel and non-tender. Few lesions looked like elongated pearly penile papules. A provisional diagnosis of vestibular papillomatosis was made and a biopsy was done. It showed finger-like protrusions of loosely arranged subdermal tissue with blood vessels and which were covered by normal mucosal epithelium. No koilocytes were seen and the diagnosis of vestibular papillomatosis was confirmed. We believe that this is the first case report of vulvar vestibular papillomatosis in Indian dermatologic literature.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Papilloma; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 20445299
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.62971 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Nov 2019Sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas are uncommon head and neck neoplasms that comprise a broad clinicopathologic and morphologic spectrum, and thus frequently represent... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT.—
Sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas are uncommon head and neck neoplasms that comprise a broad clinicopathologic and morphologic spectrum, and thus frequently represent a diagnostic challenge for surgical pathologists. Recent molecular interrogation of these tumors has delineated a number of recurrent alterations that correspond to distinct entities with potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic clinical utility.
OBJECTIVE.—
To summarize the salient clinicopathologic, morphologic, and molecular features of sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas.
DATA SOURCES.—
Review of pertinent literature regarding sinonasal papillomas and sinonasal carcinomas.
CONCLUSIONS.—
Despite their relative rarity in many surgical pathology practices, sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas frequently demonstrate characteristic morphologic features that are important for accurate diagnosis. Given our emerging understanding of the molecular basis for these tumors, judicious use of available ancillary tools-including immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization-may be helpful in subsets of cases, whereas additional molecular testing may be useful for diagnostically challenging and/or clinically aggressive sinonasal tumors.
Topics: Carcinoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Papilloma; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms
PubMed: 31661314
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0372-RA -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Nov 2021Skin lesions possibly caused by Papillomavirus infections in two four-toed hedgehogs are described. In case 1, there was a papillary mass on the right hind limb....
Skin lesions possibly caused by Papillomavirus infections in two four-toed hedgehogs are described. In case 1, there was a papillary mass on the right hind limb. Histologically, the mass was consistent with a viral papilloma. In the other case, multifocal papillary masses with erosions and ulcers were found throughout the body, mainly on the extremities. Histology showed continuative lesions composed of acanthosis, Bowenoid in situ carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, with abrupt transitions between the lesions. In both cases, keratinocytes in the granular layer infrequently had features of koilocytes and intranuclear inclusion bodies, and immunohistochemical staining was positive for anti-human papillomavirus antibody. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first pathological documentation of possibly papillomavirus-associated skin lesions in four-toed hedgehogs.
Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Hedgehogs; Papilloma
PubMed: 34544958
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0302 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Aug 2021Incidental papillomas of the pharynx can be found while examining the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx for other disorders of the head and neck. Purpose of the...
INTRODUCTION
Incidental papillomas of the pharynx can be found while examining the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx for other disorders of the head and neck. Purpose of the study is to explore the location, biopsy protocol, and decision to perform office-based versus operative management via potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser when an oropharyngeal papilloma is discovered incidentally.
METHODS
A retrospective review of the senior author's patient population was performed using Current Procedural Terminology and/or codes to identify patients who had KTP laser removal of incidental oropharyngeal papillomas. Patients were included based on the incidental nature of the papilloma and confirmed pathology report of squamous papilloma. Demographics, presenting complaint, lesion location, pathological analysis, type of intervention, and outcomes were recorded. When available, human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype was noted.
RESULTS
A total of 26 cases were identified, 13 females and 13 males. The median age at time of surgery was 58 years (range: 21-77). The most common presenting symptoms were difficulty swallowing and throat pain. The most common locations were the base of tongue, uvula, tonsils, and the soft palate. Of the 26 patients, 23 patients received KTP laser ablation therapy as an office-based procedure, while the remaining 3 were performed under general anesthesia in the operating room. Only 5 patients had a recorded recurrence that required reoperation. There were no operative or postoperative complications. There were 16 biopsy samples tested for HPV, where 12 were negative for HPV and 4 were positive for HPV.
CONCLUSION
Oropharyngeal papillomas, when present, can be found incidentally during examination of the oropharynx for other symptoms. Office-based biopsy and KTP laser is a safe and efficient means of identifying and removing most oropharyngeal papillomas.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Biopsy; Clinical Decision-Making; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Humans; Incidental Findings; Lasers, Solid-State; Male; Middle Aged; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Oropharynx; Papilloma; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 31581834
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319871228 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2017Sinonasal (Schneiderian) papillomas are benign neoplasms that arise in the sinonasal tract. Since their initial descriptions, sinonasal papillomas have triggered debate... (Review)
Review
Sinonasal (Schneiderian) papillomas are benign neoplasms that arise in the sinonasal tract. Since their initial descriptions, sinonasal papillomas have triggered debate regarding their classification, etiology, rate or predictors of malignant transformation, and other issues. While significant strides have been made in recent years, there are still aspects of sinonasal papillomas that remain unclear even now. This review will serve to update the practicing pathologist on the current understanding of sinonasal papillomas.
Topics: Humans; Nasal Mucosa; Papilloma; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms
PubMed: 28321771
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-017-0799-9 -
The American Journal of Surgical... Nov 2022Sinonasal papillomas are a diverse group of benign epithelial neoplasms of the sinonasal tract. Inverted papilloma, in particular, must be distinguished from other...
Sinonasal papillomas are a diverse group of benign epithelial neoplasms of the sinonasal tract. Inverted papilloma, in particular, must be distinguished from other lesions with no malignant potential. The aim of this study was to distinguish sinonasal papillomas from morphologically similar lesions using CD163 immunostaining. Cases from a 19-year period were identified. These included 49 inverted, 10 exophytic, and 12 oncocytic papillomas, 21 chronic sinusitides with squamous metaplasia, 27 inflammatory polyps, 5 verrucae vulgares, 5 respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas, and 6 DEK::AFF2 carcinomas of the sinonasal tract. A subset of biopsy cases (8 inverted papillomas, 5 inflammatory polyps) was separately analyzed. CD163 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed. A unique "circle" staining pattern was identified in the surface epithelium. After locating a hotspot, circles were quantified in 10 consecutive high-power fields. Circles were present in 66/71 (93%) cases of sinonasal papilloma, with a mean of 35 circles/10 HPF (range: 0 to 160/10 HPF) and a median of 19 circles/10 HPF. Circles were present in 20/58 (34%) non-neoplastic cases, with a mean of 2 circles/10 HPF (range: 0 to 27/10 HPF) and a median of 0. Considering all resection and biopsy cases, performance for distinguishing papillomas from non-neoplastic lesions was best at a cutoff of 10 circles/10 HPF (2-tailed P <0.0001) with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 66.2%, 93.1%, 92.1%, and 69.2%, respectively. The results were similar in the biopsy subset. One other neoplastic entity, the DEK::AFF2 carcinomas, also showed prominent CD163 circle staining. In summary, sinonasal papillomas demonstrate extensive CD163 "circle" staining in the epithelium compared with the non-neoplastic lesions studied. As such, the "circle sign" on CD163 IHC may be helpful in distinguishing between diagnoses, particularly on small biopsies or equivocal specimens.
Topics: Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Carcinoma; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; Humans; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nose Neoplasms; Oncogene Proteins; Papilloma, Inverted; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins; Receptors, Cell Surface; Staining and Labeling
PubMed: 35993580
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001953