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Cancer Treatment and Research... 2022Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an uncommon presentation and usually occurs in conjunction with multiple myeloma (MM). An EMP without developing MM at any point is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an uncommon presentation and usually occurs in conjunction with multiple myeloma (MM). An EMP without developing MM at any point is an extremely rare presentation, and only seven such cases have been reported in the literature to date.
PRESENTATION OF CASE
We present a case of EMP, who presented with multiple recurrent lesions in rare sites like nasal cavity, testis and skin without the involvement of bone marrow at any point of disease course. He was treated with multiagent chemotherapy (DT-PACE) and continues to be in remission at 29 months post-chemotherapy, which is the longest amongst all the cases reported so far.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
There are no clearly defined guidelines to treat EMP. Our case had a clinical presentation at very unusual sites and was treated with DT-PACE regimen as against the previous seven reported cases and had the most prolonged period of remission.
Topics: Humans; Male; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 35358819
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100550 -
Medicine Jan 2018Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are rare solitary soft tissue tumors characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. Most lesions occur in the head and... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are rare solitary soft tissue tumors characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. Most lesions occur in the head and neck, but primary tracheal lesions are very rare.
PATIENT CONCERNS
In this report, we describe a case of tracheal EMP discovered in a 48-year-old man who presented with a history of progressive dyspnea.
DIAGNOSES
Computed tomography (CT) revealed a well-defined nodular mass in the posterior wall of trachea without signs of invasion of the tracheal walls. Then, a reddish mass occluding approximately 90% of the trachea was evidenced by bronchoscopic examination.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient was treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy to achieve better local control.
OUTCOMES
After the surgery, there was immediate symptomatic relief. There was no recurrence or metastasis during a 6-month follow-up.
LESSONS
This study presents a rare case of tracheal EMP occluding approximately 90% of the lumen that was successfully managed by surgery followed by radiotherapy.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Tracheal Neoplasms
PubMed: 29504982
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009594 -
Turkish Neurosurgery 2014Plasma cell tumors are characterized by a monoclonal proliferation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Dural infiltration of plasma cells without involvement of...
Plasma cell tumors are characterized by a monoclonal proliferation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Dural infiltration of plasma cells without involvement of the parenchyma, leptomeninges or skull is a rare event. We present a 34-year-old man presenting with hallucination and amnesia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left fronto-temporal mass with a dural tail mimicking meningioma. The mass was excised and histopathological examination revealed sheet of mature plasma cells. The cells were immunoreactive for kappa light chain, MUM1, CD38, and negative for epithelial membrane antigen. There was no recurrence after postoperative radiotherapy. Intracranial involvement from plasmacytoma should be considered in a case of solitary dural mass.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Dura Mater; Humans; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 24848182
DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.5735-12.1 -
BMC Gastroenterology Dec 2017Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a very rare tumor derived from plasma cells and found outside the bone marrow. Most have been identified in patients with the more...
BACKGROUND
Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a very rare tumor derived from plasma cells and found outside the bone marrow. Most have been identified in patients with the more aggressive anaplastic form of the disease. Only a few cases of primary pancreatic plasmacytoma have been reported.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case of a 56-year-old man in whom a pancreatic mass was found incidentally. The lesion was determined to be a pancreatic plasmacytoma after distal pancreatectomy. There are no indications of clinical, laboratory or imaging findings of multiple myeloma nor any association with plasmacytoma in any other places, so the diagnosis of primary pancreatic plasmacytoma was made.
CONCLUSION
Primary pancreatic plasmacytoma is rare and the diagnosis is difficult before surgery.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Incidental Findings; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 29262780
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0729-z -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Aug 1997Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) represents a rare separate clinical pathological entity; it is radiosensitive, curable, and unrelated to myeloma. Only 15...
BACKGROUND
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) represents a rare separate clinical pathological entity; it is radiosensitive, curable, and unrelated to myeloma. Only 15 cases have been reported.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Authors report two well documented cases of dural plasmocytomas mimicking meningiomas. This paper points out differences between plasmacytomas, with very different initial presentation, and other meningeal tumors including extensive radiological investigations. Diagnostic options and outcomes are discussed.
CONCLUSION
With solitary plasmacytomas, radiological diagnosis is difficult to assess. Serum is generally free of monoclonal protein. The importance of the most recent techniques in ruling out other pathological entities is stressed. Histopathological examination is required to document a monoclonal type of plasma cell tumor. Treatment includes surgery and radiotherapy. Differential radiological diagnosis will be discussed.
Topics: Adult; Cytodiagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hemangiopericytoma; Humans; Leukemia; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Meningeal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 9332688
DOI: 10.1023/a:1008288020194 -
Romanian Journal of Morphology and... 2018Solitary extranevraxial plasmacytoma (SEP), as a clinical entity without signs of systemic myelomatosis, is extremely rare; it is difficult to find literature on the... (Review)
Review
Solitary extranevraxial plasmacytoma (SEP), as a clinical entity without signs of systemic myelomatosis, is extremely rare; it is difficult to find literature on the issue of patient management and proper course of action in the presence of associated pathology. The authors present a rare case of plasmacytoma of the skull vault associated with severe cardiac pathology, which made surgery extremely difficult and possible only through temporization of the interventions, as presented. We discuss our findings and opportunities for treatment in this case, which seemed unapproachable at presentation, in connection with the associated cardiac pathology. The case was followed-up for eight years with no recurrences.
Topics: Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma; Rare Diseases; Skull
PubMed: 29940651
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola 2001Solitary plasmocytoma is a rare plasmactic cell tumor occurring in the head and neck. These constitute, less than 1% of all head and neck malignancies. On initial... (Review)
Review
Solitary plasmocytoma is a rare plasmactic cell tumor occurring in the head and neck. These constitute, less than 1% of all head and neck malignancies. On initial presentation they must be differentiated from multiple myeloma. This may prove to be difficult because a varying percentage may be associated at a later date with the development of multiple myeloma. We describe three cases of plasmocytomas, one occurred in the larynx, in the cavity nasal and other in the skull base. The clinical characteristics, diagnosis criteria and therapeutic problems (radiation, surgery or a combination of booth) are discussed and reviewed in the literature.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 11771368
DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(01)78271-4 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Sep 2022Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a malignant tumor formed by monoclonal abnormal proliferation of plasma cells, which is mainly characterized by localized masses and...
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a malignant tumor formed by monoclonal abnormal proliferation of plasma cells, which is mainly characterized by localized masses and very rare in the larynx, particularly in the false vocal cord. We present a larynx EMP that arises from the false cord without systematic involvement. After surgical resection, the patient received adjuvant radiotherapy and was recurrence-free during the 8-month follow-up.
Topics: Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Larynx; Plasmacytoma; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 33155846
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320971929 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry May 2013Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the eyelid are rare with only five other cases reported in the literature. A 43-year-old Chinese man presented with painless... (Review)
Review
Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the eyelid are rare with only five other cases reported in the literature. A 43-year-old Chinese man presented with painless swelling of the left lower eyelid that developed over the past two years. An incisional biopsy and histopathological analysis of the lesion revealed a primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the eyelid. The tumour was completely excised. There has been no tumour recurrence over the last five years. This tumour should be among those considered when encountering an atypical adnexal lesion. A systemic examination, relevant clinical investigations, as well as life-long monitoring are essential for these patients due to the strong association of extramedullary plasmacytoma with multiple myeloma. When a lesion can be completely resected, surgery provides similar results to radiotherapy.
Topics: Adult; Eyelid Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma
PubMed: 22970978
DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2012.00797.x -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Nov 2019Mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase that critically regulates cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival....
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase that critically regulates cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Previously, we have implicated as a plasmacytoma-resistance locus, , in mice. Here, we report that administration of the tumor-inducing agent pristane decreases gene expression to a greater extent in mesenteric lymph nodes of BALB/cAnPt mice than of DBA/2N mice. We identified six allelic variants in the promoter region in BALB/cAnPt and DBA/2N mice. To determine the effects of these variants on transcription, we constructed a series of luciferase reporters containing these promoter variants and transfected them into mouse plasmacytoma cells. We could attribute the differences in promoter activity between the two mouse strains to a C → T change at the -6 position relative to the transcriptional start site Tssr 40273; a T at this position in the BALB promoter creates a consensus binding site for the transcription factor MZF1 (myeloid zinc finger 1). Results from electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNA pulldown assays with ChIP-PCR confirmed that MZF1 binds to the -element TGGGGA located in the -6/-1 promoter region. Of note, MZF1 significantly and differentially down-regulated promoter activity, with MZF1 overexpression reducing expression more strongly in BALB mice than in DBA mice. Moreover, MZF1 overexpression reduced expression in both fibroblasts and mouse plasmacytoma cells, and knockdown increased expression in BALB3T3 and NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. Our results provide evidence that MZF1 down-regulates expression in pristane-induced plasmacytomas in mice.
Topics: Alleles; Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Line, Tumor; Down-Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; Mice; Mutation; Plasmacytoma; Promoter Regions, Genetic; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
PubMed: 31548308
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009779