-
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Aug 2018A collection of plasma cells in the skin can represent a broad spectrum of disease entities. Secondary syphilis, primary cutaneous plasmacytoma, primary cutaneous...
A collection of plasma cells in the skin can represent a broad spectrum of disease entities. Secondary syphilis, primary cutaneous plasmacytoma, primary cutaneous plasmacytosis, cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia and nodular amyloidosis are considered possible differential diagnoses. The primary cutaneous plasma cell disorders can range from malignant to benign plasma cell neoplasms. The malignant conditions are neoplastic diseases having monoclonal proliferations, rapid progression and fatal outcome while the benign plasma cell disorders usually show polyclonality, chronicity and benign process, including plasmacytosis. We present a case of cutaneous plasmacytosis. The patient was a 34-year-old man, presented with disseminated reddish-brown plaques and nodules on the right side of the hips, inguinal groove, and the thigh. Histopathologically, mature plasma cells perivascular infiltrates were observed mainly in the dermis. Polyclonality of infiltrating plasma cells with coexistence of both kappa and gamma chain-positive cells demonstrated with immunohistochemistry, as well as CD20+++, CD38++++, CD79a++++, CD138++, Ki67<30%. The diagnosis, cutaneous plasmacytosis, was established by the pertinent laboratory findings. Primary cutaneous plasmacytosis was an uncommon reactive lymphoplasmacytic disorder of uncertain etiology. Cutaneous plasmacytosis is a rare disease characterized by peculiar multiple eruptions and hyper gamma globulinemia. It has been mainly described in patients of Japanese descent, with only few reports in Caucasians and Chinese, although information concerning the disorder was limited to individual case reports. Cutaneous plasmacytosis is a rare disorder, which is characterized by multiple red to dark-brown nodules and plaques on the trunk and usually associated with polyclonal hyper gamma globulinaemia. Primary cutaneous plasmacytosis or cutaneous plasmacytosis was thought to be a reactive process with unknown etiology. Histologically, lesions contain dense perivascular infiltration of mature polyclonal plasma cells without any atypia, in the dermis and subcutaneous fat. The clinical course is chronic and benign without spontaneous remission. Available treatments for cutaneous plasmacytosis include psoralen ultraviolet A radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy and intralesional steroid injection. The patient with cutaneous plasmacytosis in this report was treated with tacrolimus ointment and psoralen ultraviolet A.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Hyperplasia; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Plasma Cells; Plasmacytoma; Skin; Skin Diseases; Tacrolimus
PubMed: 30122785
DOI: No ID Found -
Leukemia Research Nov 2022The Phase 3 ICARIA-MM (NCT02990338) and IKEMA (NCT03275285) studies demonstrated that isatuximab (Isa) plus pomalidomide (P) and dexamethasone (d; Isa-Pd) or carfilzomib...
The Phase 3 ICARIA-MM (NCT02990338) and IKEMA (NCT03275285) studies demonstrated that isatuximab (Isa) plus pomalidomide (P) and dexamethasone (d; Isa-Pd) or carfilzomib (K) and d (Isa-Kd) improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus Pd or Kd in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. In this post hoc analysis of patients with soft-tissue plasmacytomas, we evaluated Isa-Pd/Isa-Kd efficacy using central radiology and central laboratory assessments. Given the low incidence of soft-tissue plasmacytomas (7.8 %, ICARIA-MM; 6.3 %, IKEMA), efficacy data were pooled across the two studies. PFS (HR, 0.47; 95 % CI, 0.21-1.08), overall response rate (50.0 % vs 17.7 %), and very good partial response or better rate (26.9 % vs 11.8 %) were improved with Isa-Pd/Isa-Kd versus Pd/Kd, with consistent improvements within individual studies. Patients with soft-tissue plasmacytomas who received Isa-Pd/Isa-Kd had similar median PFS compared with those without soft-tissue plasmacytomas and received Pd/Kd. Safety is reported individually per study. Longer median treatment duration and more Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in the Isa versus control arms in ICARIA-MM (36.9 vs 8.4 weeks; 85.7 % vs 70.0 %) and IKEMA (41.9 vs 29.9 weeks; 100.0 % vs 57.1 %); however, Isa did not increase the percentage of patients with fatal events or drug discontinuation. Isa-Pd or Isa-Kd is a potential new treatment option and partially overcomes the poor prognosis associated with soft-tissue plasmacytomas in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma.
Topics: Humans; Dexamethasone; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell; Plasmacytoma; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
PubMed: 36108425
DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106948 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Apr 2023Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) can rarely occur in conjunction with multiple myeloma (MM). EMPs are usually detected in the upper aerodigestive tract (UAD) but can... (Review)
Review
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) can rarely occur in conjunction with multiple myeloma (MM). EMPs are usually detected in the upper aerodigestive tract (UAD) but can also occur along the digestive tract. However, the involvement of gallbladder is uncommon. Gastrointestinal tract symptoms often lead to the diagnosis of EMP in the gallbladder. An 81-year-old man was referred to our hospital with suspected primary gallbladder carcinoma. He was subsequently operated on, and the pathological findings showed EMP of the gallbladder without MM.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged, 80 and over; Plasmacytoma; Gallbladder; Multiple Myeloma; Gastrointestinal Tract
PubMed: 36104190
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0035-22 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Mar 2018We evaluated 134 cutaneous plasmacytomas in 125 dogs submitted to the University of Tennessee surgical biopsy service between 2009 and 2012 to determine whether the...
We evaluated 134 cutaneous plasmacytomas in 125 dogs submitted to the University of Tennessee surgical biopsy service between 2009 and 2012 to determine whether the presence of intravascular neoplastic cells had prognostic significance. Tumors occurred in middle-aged to geriatric dogs (range: 5-16 y, mean: 9.6 y) and most frequently involved the skin of the head and distal limbs. Diagnoses were made based on light microscopy, and in some cases confirmed by immunoreactivity of neoplastic cells for MUM1. Tumors were categorized as having or not having intravascular neoplastic cells within sections examined. The intravascular location of tumor cells was confirmed by immunoreactivity of endothelial cells for factor VIII-related antigen in 3 cases. Neoplastic cells within vessel lumens were identified in 20 of 125 dogs (16%). Submitting veterinary practices were contacted for follow-up data on patients including local recurrence and cutaneous plasmacytomas in other locations. Follow-up information was acquired on 99 dogs (79%). Recurrence was documented in one dog with cutaneous plasmacytomas; both masses had incomplete margins and intravascular neoplastic cells. Additional distant cutaneous plasmacytomas were later diagnosed in 3 patients; none of these dogs had intravascular neoplastic cells. In no cases were cutaneous plasmacytomas suspected to be a cause of death or reason for euthanasia. Intravascular neoplastic cells were more common in tumors of the distal limbs (36%) compared to other locations (11%; p = 0.0007). The presence of intravascular neoplastic cells did not affect prognosis in cutaneous plasmacytomas.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Male; Plasmacytoma; Prognosis; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Tennessee
PubMed: 29291682
DOI: 10.1177/1040638717752781 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2019Isolated malignant extramedullary plasma cell proliferations known as plasmocytomas are rare. They usually occur in the head and the neck (80% of cases) and... (Review)
Review
Isolated malignant extramedullary plasma cell proliferations known as plasmocytomas are rare. They usually occur in the head and the neck (80% of cases) and exceptionally elsewhere. We report the case of a 62-year old patient with solitary plasmacytoma of the lung initially mimicking primary lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to describe our therapeutic approach and to emphasize the rarity of this case, the prognostic factors as well as the management of these tumors based on a literature review.
Topics: Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Prognosis
PubMed: 31934235
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.92.20089 -
Cornea Jul 2017To report a case of solitary iris plasmacytoma successfully treated with ruthenium plaque radiotherapy.
PURPOSE
To report a case of solitary iris plasmacytoma successfully treated with ruthenium plaque radiotherapy.
METHODS
A 44-year-old white woman presented with pain in the right eye and raised intraocular pressure. Her medical history included breast cancer treated 11 years earlier with lumpectomy, lymph node clearance, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. On examination, the right iris had a tan-colored mass with crystalline deposits visible on the mass surface and on the corneal endothelium. The fundus and left eye were normal. An anterior segment ultrasound scan showed a mass with mixed internal echogenicity and internal blood flow.
RESULTS
An iris biopsy showed an infiltrate of plasma cells. Immunohistochemistry for kappa and lambda light chains demonstrated lambda light chain restriction. Systemic hematologic investigations including complete blood count, serum paraproteins, bone marrow biopsy, and full-body magnetic resonance image were normal. The monoclonal plasma cell infiltrate was consistent with a solitary iris plasmacytoma. The mass was treated with ruthenium plaque radiotherapy. After 4 years of follow-up, the mass remained regressed, and no systemic myeloma has developed.
CONCLUSIONS
Iris plasmacytoma is rare and should prompt systemic evaluation to rule out multiple myeloma. Solitary iris plasmacytoma can be successfully treated with plaque radiotherapy.
Topics: Adult; Anterior Chamber; Biopsy; Brachytherapy; Female; Gonioscopy; Humans; Iris Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Plasmacytoma; Ruthenium Radioisotopes
PubMed: 28594699
DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001222 -
Japanese Journal of Medicine 1991A patient with extramedullary solitary tumor had progressive sensory motor neuropathy, generalized pigmentation of skin, pretibial edema and gynecomastia. Serological... (Review)
Review
A patient with extramedullary solitary tumor had progressive sensory motor neuropathy, generalized pigmentation of skin, pretibial edema and gynecomastia. Serological examination of this patient showed monoclonal IgA-lambda gammopathy. Histologically, the tumor was defined as an IgA (lambda type) positive extramedullary plasmacytoma by using peroxidase anti-peroxidase staining. The tumor was accompanied by angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia. Pathologically, it was recognized as an extramedullary plasmacytoma associated with Castleman's disease like changes, and was successfully treated by surgical resection, followed by irradiation.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Axilla; Combined Modality Therapy; Edema; Gynecomastia; Humans; Hyperhidrosis; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains; Male; Neoplasm Proteins; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Plasmacytoma; Skin Pigmentation; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 1650856
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine1962.30.64 -
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma in retroperitoneum: a case report and review of the literature.World Journal of Gastroenterology May 2009Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EPM) is a plasma cell tumor arising outside of the bone marrow. Solitary EMP is an uncommon neoplasm and rarely occurs in the... (Review)
Review
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EPM) is a plasma cell tumor arising outside of the bone marrow. Solitary EMP is an uncommon neoplasm and rarely occurs in the retroperitoneum and lacks distinctive clinical manifestations. We report a 26-year-old man with a solitary EMP in the retroperitoneum and discuss its clinical features, diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms
PubMed: 19452592
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.2425 -
Texas Heart Institute Journal Oct 2014Primary malignant cardiac tumors are rare. Among these tumors, cardiac plasmacytoma is extremely rare and is the subject of few case reports. We present the case of a...
Primary malignant cardiac tumors are rare. Among these tumors, cardiac plasmacytoma is extremely rare and is the subject of few case reports. We present the case of a 73-year-old man who had isolated cardiac plasmacytoma 26 years after successful treatment of an axillary plasmacytoma. Multiple imaging methods-including echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and positron-emission tomography/computed tomography-were valuable and complementary to each other in this patient's diagnosis and optimal management. His case illustrates the use of these techniques in the successful diagnosis and treatment of a rare clinical entity, cardiac plasmacytoma.
Topics: Aged; Combined Modality Therapy; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma; Rare Diseases
PubMed: 25425995
DOI: 10.14503/THIJ-13-3436 -
BMC Neurology Aug 2021Plasmacytomas are rare tumors comprised of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells and can be found anywhere in the body. Plasmacytomas that involve the nervous system can...
BACKGROUND
Plasmacytomas are rare tumors comprised of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells and can be found anywhere in the body. Plasmacytomas that involve the nervous system can give rise to diffuse symptoms depending on their location. Patients with confusion or dementia might be difficult to neurologically assess in an acute setting and the subtle symptoms of neurological pathology caused by rare malignancies might go undiagnosed.
CASE PRESENTATION
The patient is an 80 year old man presenting to the ER with walking difficulties, pain, and confusion. He underwent neurological evaluation for dementia and was eventually diagnosed with possible Alzheimer's disease and a malignant plasmacytoma causing spinal cord compression. His CSF sample showed normal amyloid rate and very low Aβ. Following rehabilitation and oncological treatment, his walking ability and confusion improved.
CONCLUSION
This case is unique as we demonstrate that spinal cord compression by plasmacytoma can lead to abnormal CSF levels of several known pathology markers for Alzheimer's disease and neuronal damage. We suggest that highly divergent amyloid CSF levels could be indicative of spinal pathologies affecting CSF circulation. We also suggest closer assessment of elderly confusion patients in ER settings by consultants specialized in neurological disorders.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Biomarkers; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma; Spinal Cord Compression
PubMed: 34362322
DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02332-3