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Frontiers in Microbiology 2022With strong demand for aquatic products, as well as a rapid decrease in global fishery resources and capture fisheries, domesticating animals to provide more...
With strong demand for aquatic products, as well as a rapid decrease in global fishery resources and capture fisheries, domesticating animals to provide more high-quality proteins is meaningful for humans. Freshwater drum () is widely distributed in the wild habitats of North America. However, the research on and the feed domestication with diets composed of artificial compounds remains unclear. In this study, a 4-month feeding domestication experiment was conducted with larvae to evaluate the underlying mechanism and molecular targets responsible for alternations in the ingestion performance. The results indicated that a significant increase in the final body weight was exhibited by the feed domesticated group (DOM, 114.8 g) when compared to the group that did not ingest the feed (WT, 5.3 g) as the latest version we raised From the result, the final body weight exhibited significant increase between unfavorable with the feed (WT, 5.3 g) and feed domesticated group (DOM, 114.8 g). In addition, the enzyme activity of digestive enzymes like amylase, lipase, and trypsin was increased in DOM. Genes related to appetite and perception, such as , , and , were activated in DOM. 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that sp. increased from 58.74% to 89.77% in DOM, which accounts for the dominant upregulated microbial community at the genus level, followed by . Analogously, , , and also accounted for the down-regulated microbes in the diversity. Transcriptome and RT-PCR analysis revealed that feed domestication significantly improved protein digestion and absorption, inhibited apoptosis by AGE-RAGE signaling, and activated extracellular matrix remodeling by relaxin signaling. Integrated analysis of the microbiome and host transcriptome revealed that mediated ingestion capacity, protein utilization, and cellular homeostasis might be the underlying mechanism under feed domestication. These results indicate and its key genes relating to food ingestion and digestion could serve as the molecular targets for feed domestication and sustainable development in .
PubMed: 35722333
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.861705 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jul 2022Here, we report a draft genome sequence of Plesiomonas shigelloides strain zfcc0051, an isolate derived from zebrafish (Danio rerio) feces. The genome consists of 115...
Here, we report a draft genome sequence of Plesiomonas shigelloides strain zfcc0051, an isolate derived from zebrafish (Danio rerio) feces. The genome consists of 115 contigs (>500 bp) and has a total assembly length of 4,041,537 bases.
PubMed: 35639031
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00074-22 -
Microbiome Feb 2019Aquaculture is on the rise worldwide, and the use of antibiotics is fostering higher production intensity. However, recent findings suggest that the use of antibiotics...
BACKGROUND
Aquaculture is on the rise worldwide, and the use of antibiotics is fostering higher production intensity. However, recent findings suggest that the use of antibiotics comes at the price of increased antibiotic resistance. Yet, the effect of the oral administration of antibiotics on the mobility of microbial resistance genes in the fish gut is not well understood. In the present study, Piaractus mesopotamicus was used as a model to evaluate the effect of the antimicrobial florfenicol on the diversity of the gut microbiome as well as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) using a metagenomic approach.
RESULTS
The total relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs significantly increased during the antibiotic exposure. Additionally, phage integrases, transposases, and transposons flanking ARGs accumulated in the gut microbiome of P. mesopotamicus because of the antibiotic exposure. MGEs co-occurring with ARGs showed a significant positive correlation with the total ARGs found. Furthermore, shifts in the gut microbiome towards well-known putative pathogens such as Salmonella, Plesiomonas, and Citrobacter were observed following florfenicol treatment. Mainly Plesiomonas and Citrobacter harbored genes that code for multidrug and phenicol efflux pumps. Moreover, several genes related to RNA processing and modification, cell motility, SOS response, and extracellular structure were enriched due to the antibiotic application. The observed effects were visible during the complete application phase and disappeared at the post-exposure phase.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the oral administration of antibiotics increases the potential for MGE-mediated exchange of ARGs in the gut of fish and could contribute to the enrichment and dispersion of ARGs in aquaculture systems. Importantly, this increase in the potential for ARGs exchange could be an effect of changes in community structure and/or ARG mobilization.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquaculture; Bacteria; Bacterial Proteins; Biodiversity; Characiformes; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences; Phylogeny; Thiamphenicol
PubMed: 30773139
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0632-7 -
HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine 2020is a member of the family generally found in freshwater. There is little substantive data about the prevalence or distribution of within the United States. are most...
INTRODUCTION
is a member of the family generally found in freshwater. There is little substantive data about the prevalence or distribution of within the United States. are most commonly associated with mild, self-limited watery diarrhea among healthy individuals followed by infective colitis. Bacteremia is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of . Few cases of bacteremia can be found in the literature.
CLINICAL FINDINGS
An elderly female with multiple comorbidities was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of generalized cramping abdominal pain of several days duration. She denied any freshwater or saltwater exposure. The patient's labs were significant for leukocytosis and lactic acidosis. An abdominopelvic CT showed acute colitis of the descending colon.
OUTCOMES
Surgery was consulted for suspicion of ischemic colitis, and the patient subsequently underwent subtotal colectomy, splenectomy and resection of the distal small bowel with an ileostomy, as extensive necrotic bowel was found. Blood cultures taken on admission grew , for which piperacillin-tazobactam was started. Negative blood cultures were obtained 4 days after positive blood cultures.
CONCLUSIONS
Relative rarity and variability of presentation, presence or absence of underlying disease or exposure to risk factors, and currently limited data utilizing different antimicrobial regimens contribute to the difficulty in outlining guideline-based regimens for management of .
PubMed: 37426611
DOI: 10.36518/2689-0216.1064 -
World Journal of Hepatology May 2012Cirrhotic patients are immunocompromised with a high risk of infection. Proinflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic circulation derangement further facilitate the...
Cirrhotic patients are immunocompromised with a high risk of infection. Proinflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic circulation derangement further facilitate the development of serious consequences of infections. Other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, bacteremia and bacterial infections of other organ systems are frequently observed. Gram-negative enteric bacteria are the most common causative organism. Other bacterial infections, such as enterococci, Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Clostridium spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Plesiomonas shigelloides and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are more prevalent and more virulent. Generally, intravenous third generation cephalosporins are recommended as empirical antibiotic therapy. Increased incidences of gram-positive and drug-resistant organisms have been reported, particularly in hospital-acquired infections and in patients receiving quinolones prophylaxis. This review focuses upon epidemiology, microbiology, clinical features and treatment of infections in cirrhosis other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, including pathogen-specific and liver disease-specific issues.
PubMed: 22662285
DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i5.158 -
PloS One 2012Ornamental fishes are among the most popular and fastest growing categories of pets in the United States (U.S.). The global scope and scale of the ornamental fish trade...
Ornamental fishes are among the most popular and fastest growing categories of pets in the United States (U.S.). The global scope and scale of the ornamental fish trade and growing popularity of pet fish in the U.S. are strong indicators of the myriad economic and social benefits the pet industry provides. Relatively little is known about the microbial communities associated with these ornamental fishes or the aquarium water in which they are transported and housed. Using conventional molecular approaches and next generation high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene hypervariable regions, we characterized the bacterial community of aquarium water containing common goldfish (Carassius auratus) and Chinese algae eaters (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri) purchased from seven pet/aquarium shops in Rhode Island and identified the presence of potential pathogens. Our survey identified a total of 30 phyla, the most common being Proteobacteria (52%), Bacteroidetes (18%) and Planctomycetes (6%), with the top four phyla representing >80% of all sequences. Sequences from our water samples were most closely related to eleven bacterial species that have the potential to cause disease in fishes, humans and other species: Coxiella burnetii, Flavobacterium columnare, Legionella birminghamensis, L. pneumophila, Vibrio cholerae, V. mimicus. V. vulnificus, Aeromonas schubertii, A. veronii, A. hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides. Our results, combined with evidence from the literature, suggest aquarium tank water harboring ornamental fish are an understudied source for novel microbial communities and pathogens that pose potential risks to the pet industry, fishes in trade, humans and other species.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Biodiversity; Cloning, Molecular; Fishes; Goldfish; Molecular Sequence Data; Pets; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rhode Island; Species Specificity; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 22970112
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039971 -
Gut Pathogens 2017After an environmental disaster, the affected community is at increased risk for persistent abdominal pain but mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to...
BACKGROUND
After an environmental disaster, the affected community is at increased risk for persistent abdominal pain but mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to determine association between abdominal pain and poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) practices, and if small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and/or gut dysbiosis explain IBS, impaired quality of life (QOL), anxiety and/or depression after a major flood.
RESULTS
New onset abdominal pain, IBS based on the Rome III criteria, WaSH practices, QOL, anxiety and/or depression, SIBO (hydrogen breath testing) and stools for metagenomic sequencing were assessed in flood victims. Of 211 participants, 37.9% ( = 80) had abdominal pain and 17% ( = 36) with IBS subtyped diarrhea and/or mixed type ( = 27 or 12.8%) being the most common. Poor WaSH practices and impaired quality of life during flood were significantly associated with IBS. Using linear discriminant analysis effect size method, gut dysbiosis was observed in those with anxiety (Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, effect size 4.8), abdominal pain (Fusobacteria and , effect size 4.0) and IBS ( and , effect size 3.0).
CONCLUSION
Disturbed gut microbiota because of environmentally-derived organisms may explain persistent abdominal pain and IBS after a major environmental disaster in the presence of poor WaSH practices.
PubMed: 29255490
DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0224-7 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Bacteria play an essential role in the health of marine mammals, and the bacteria of marine mammals are widely concerned, but less is known about freshwater mammals. In...
Bacteria play an essential role in the health of marine mammals, and the bacteria of marine mammals are widely concerned, but less is known about freshwater mammals. In this study, we investigated the bacteria of various body sites of Yangtze finless porpoise () and analyzed their association with freshwater environmental bacteria. The bacterial community and function of Yangtze finless porpoise showed apparent site-specificity. Various body sites have distinct differences in bacteria and have their dominant bacteria. , , , dominated in the intestine (fecal and rectal samples). , , and dominated in the oral. The dominant genera in the blowhole include , , and two uncultured genera. , , and were dominant in the skin. The alpha diversity of intestinal (fecal and rectal) bacteria was the lowest, while that of skin was the highest. The oral and skin bacteria of Yangtze finless porpoise significantly differed between the natural and semi-natural conditions, but no sex difference was observed. A clear boundary was found between the animal and the freshwater environmental bacteria. Even the skin bacteria, which are more affected by the environment, are significantly different from the environmental bacteria and harbor indigenous bacteria. Our results provide a comprehensive preliminary exploration of the bacteria of Yangtze finless porpoise and its association with bacteria in the freshwater environment.
PubMed: 36605503
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1006251 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 1989Recent studies have suggested that Plesiomonas shigelloides is a cause of diarrhea. The present study addresses the clinical features, epidemiology, and response to...
Recent studies have suggested that Plesiomonas shigelloides is a cause of diarrhea. The present study addresses the clinical features, epidemiology, and response to antimicrobial therapy of P. shigelloides diarrhea. Thirty cases of P. shigelloides infection were defined by isolation of the organism from stool specimens, and 30 age-matched control patients were identified by detection of other enteric pathogens. Clinical and epidemiological information was obtained by interviewing the referring physicians and the patients. Of the P. shigelloides-infected patients, 71% had a history of recent tropical travel, but 29% acquired their infections locally in association with the consumption of seafood or untreated water or both. Seventy-eight percent of the P. shigelloides-infected patients had findings suggestive of colitis, and P. shigelloides-infected patients had a history of tropical travel, acute illness, abdominal pain, and prolonged symptoms significantly more often than did the control patients. Antimicrobial therapy significantly reduced the duration of illness in patients with Plesiomonas diarrhea. These results suggest that P. shigelloides is a significant cause of both locally acquired and traveler's diarrhea that may respond to antimicrobial therapy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacterial Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Diarrhea; Feces; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Travel; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 2745707
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.27.5.998-1001.1989 -
International Journal of Biological... Dec 2022A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of different viscous guar gum on the growth, intestinal flora, and intestinal health of Micropterus salmoides....
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of different viscous guar gum on the growth, intestinal flora, and intestinal health of Micropterus salmoides. Four practical diets with 42.5 % crude protein and 13.7 % crude lipid were formulated to contain 8 % cellulose and three different viscosities (2500, 5200, and 6000 mPa·s) of guar gum. Dietary guar gum inhibits fish growth and feed utilization, decreases the α-diversity of the intestinal flora, and negatively alters the intestinal flora structure and metabolite composition. High viscous guar gum down-regulated the intestinal tight junction, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic related gene's expression, decreased digesta butyrate/histamine ratio; and increased the abundance of Plesiomonas shigelloides. These results suggest that dietary guar gum adversely affects intestinal health by disrupting intestinal flora structure and metabolite composition, and that viscosity should be considered when using guar gum as a binder in aquafeeds.
Topics: Animals; Viscosity; Bass; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Galactans; Plant Gums; Mannans; Dietary Fiber
PubMed: 36181882
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.220