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The Journal of Infectious Diseases Nov 2014On 29 October 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Commission for the Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication in the Western Pacific certified the WHO... (Review)
Review
On 29 October 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Commission for the Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication in the Western Pacific certified the WHO Western Pacific Region as free of indigenous wild poliovirus. This status has been maintained to date: wild poliovirus importations into Singapore (in 2006) and Australia (in 2007) did not lead to secondary cases, and an outbreak in China (in 2011) was rapidly controlled. Circulation of vaccine derived polioviruses in Cambodia, China and the Philippines was quickly interrupted. A robust acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system, including a multitiered polio laboratory network, has been maintained, forming the platform for integrating measles, neonatal tetanus, and other vaccine-preventable disease surveillance and their respective control goals. While polio elimination remains one of the most important achievements in public health in the Western Pacific Region, extended delays in global eradication have, however, led to shifting and competing public health priorities among member states and partners and have made the region increasingly vulnerable.
Topics: Asia; Disease Eradication; Epidemiological Monitoring; Humans; Oceania; Poliomyelitis; World Health Organization
PubMed: 25316844
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu164 -
Neurology May 2014The results of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative that began in 1988 when there was transmission of 350,000 polio cases in 125 countries and has culminated in...
The results of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative that began in 1988 when there was transmission of 350,000 polio cases in 125 countries and has culminated in endemic transmission of only 223 polio cases in 3 countries in 2012 are reviewed.
Topics: Disease Outbreaks; Global Health; Humans; Poliomyelitis; Poliovirus Vaccines; Population Surveillance
PubMed: 24843034
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000426 -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... Jan 2005
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Poliomyelitis; Poliovirus Vaccines
PubMed: 15608013
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.028548 -
British Medical Journal Mar 1959
Topics: Poliomyelitis
PubMed: 13629067
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5122.618 -
British Medical Journal Mar 1959
Topics: Disease Management; Poliomyelitis
PubMed: 13629065
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5122.613 -
Revista Espanola de Salud Publica May 2020Vaccination has been one of the most effective preventive measures to reduce the number of diseases that affect humans. The primary objective of this study is to...
OBJECTIVE
Vaccination has been one of the most effective preventive measures to reduce the number of diseases that affect humans. The primary objective of this study is to describe the informative treatment of polio in the written press at a time when it was of great importance.
METHODS
From the digital newspaper archive of the ABC and La Vanguardia newspapers, all the information in which the concept "polio", published during the period between 1960 and 1975 was selected.
RESULTS
In total there have been 961 units of analysis, 557 for the ABC newspaper and 404, for La Vanguardia. The year of greatest publication was the year 1963, coinciding with the authorization for the use of the Sabin vaccine. The need to intensify vaccination campaigns is highlighted as the number of annual cases continued to increase.
CONCLUSIONS
There are no significant differences in the coverage of the newspaper ABC and La Vanguardia, following a pattern of publication very similar between them, where the Sabin vaccine appears as one of the most important scientific advances, thanks to which they allowed to protect children against to this dreaded disease, thus avoiding a major epidemic.
Topics: History, 20th Century; Humans; Immunization Programs; Poliomyelitis; Poliovirus Vaccines; Spain
PubMed: 32435052
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Infectious... Jun 2022
Topics: Disease Eradication; Humans; Immunization Programs; Malawi; Poliomyelitis
PubMed: 35257902
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.004 -
Bulletin of the New York Academy of... Dec 1953
Topics: Poliomyelitis; Poliomyelitis, Bulbar
PubMed: 13106595
DOI: No ID Found -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Apr 2023
Topics: Humans; Afghanistan; Poliomyelitis; Poliovirus; Immunization Programs; Disease Eradication; Pakistan
PubMed: 37052028
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.7499 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jul 2020The Polio Endgame Strategy 2019-2023 has been developed. However, more effective and efficient surveillance activities should be conducted with the preparedness of...
The Polio Endgame Strategy 2019-2023 has been developed. However, more effective and efficient surveillance activities should be conducted with the preparedness of emergence for vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) or wild poliovirus (WPV). We reviewed the impact of the case-based acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance (1991 to 2018) and environmental surveillance (2011 to 2018) in polio eradication in Shandong province of China. Clinical characteristics of AFP cases and enterovirus (EV) investigation of research samples were assessed. During the period, 10,224 AFP cases were investigated, and 352 sewage samples were collected. The nonpolio AFP rate sustained at over 2.0/100,000 since 1997. Of 10,224 cases, males and young children experienced a higher risk of severe diseases, and 68.5% suffered lower limb paralysis. We collected 1,707 EVs from AFP cases, including 763 polioviruses and 944 nonpolio enteroviruses (NPEVs). No WPV was isolated since 1992. The AFP surveillance showed high sensitivity in detecting 143 vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) cases and 6 VDPVs. For environmental surveillance, 217 (61.6%) samples were positive for poliovirus, and altogether, 838 polioviruses and 2,988 NPEVs were isolated. No WPV was isolated in environmental surveillance, although one VDPV2 was identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed environmental surveillance had the capacity to detect a large scope of NPEVs. The case-based AFP surveillance will be indispensable for detecting VAPP cases and VDPV circulation in countries using oral polio vaccine. Environmental surveillance is advantageous in identifying EV circulation and responding to ongoing circulating VDPV outbreaks and should be expanded to complement the AFP surveillance. Interrupting wild poliovirus transmission and stopping circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks have been proposed as two global goals by the World Health Organization in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI). This analysis, based on the 28-year acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance and 8-year environmental surveillance, provides continued high-quality surveillance performance in achieving the GPEI and detecting the circulation of enterovirus. Given the ongoing cVDPV outbreaks in the world, we present the surveillance capacity of environmental surveillance in capturing enterovirus circulation. The final poliovirus (especially VDPV) elimination has become increasingly complex, and the case-based AFP surveillance alone will lead to difficulties in early detecting dynamics of poliovirus transmission and monitoring the extent of environmental circulation. This study goes beyond previous work to provide a detailed comprehensive evaluation of the enterovirus surveillance and can be used to formulate a set of implementation plan and performance indicators for environmental surveillance.
Topics: China; Enterovirus; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Paralysis; Poliomyelitis; Poliovirus; Population Surveillance
PubMed: 32444474
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00702-20