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Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Dec 2015
Topics: Brain; Humans; Neurosciences; Philosophy, Medical; Psychology; Psychophysiology
PubMed: 26674021
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.1317 -
Biological Psychology Jan 2023After multiple waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become clear that the impact of SARS-CoV-2 will carry on for years to come. Acutely infected patients show a broad...
After multiple waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become clear that the impact of SARS-CoV-2 will carry on for years to come. Acutely infected patients show a broad range of disease severity, depending on virus variant, vaccination status, age and the presence of underlying medical and physical conditions, including obesity. Additionally, a large number of patients who have been infected with the virus present with post-COVID syndrome. In September 2020, the International Society for the Advancement of Respiratory Psychophysiology organized a virtual interest meeting on 'Respiratory research in the age of COVID-19', which aimed to discuss how research in respiratory psychophysiology could contribute to a better understanding of psychophysiological interactions in COVID-19. In the resulting current paper, we propose an interdisciplinary research agenda discussing selected research questions on acute and long-term neurobiological, physiological and psychological outcomes and mechanisms related to respiration and the airways in COVID-19, as well as research questions on comorbidity and potential treatment options, such as physical rehabilitation.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Pandemics; Respiration; Psychophysiology
PubMed: 36535514
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108473 -
Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Mar 2022Over the past decades, virtual reality (VR) has found its way into biofeedback (BF) therapy programs. Using VR promises to overcome challenges encountered in traditional... (Review)
Review
Over the past decades, virtual reality (VR) has found its way into biofeedback (BF) therapy programs. Using VR promises to overcome challenges encountered in traditional BF such as low treatment motivation, low attentional focus and the difficulty of transferring learnt abilities to everyday life. Yet, a comprehensive research synthesis is still missing. Hence, this scoping review aims to provide an overview over empirical studies on VR based BF regarding key outcomes, included samples, used soft- and hardware, BF parameters, mode of application and potential limitations. We systematically searched Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Open Grey for empirical research. Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Samples mostly consisted of healthy (44.4%) and/or adult (77.7%) participants. Outcomes were mainly anxiety (44.4%), stress (44.4%) or pain reduction (11.1%), which were reduced by the VR-BF interventions at least as much as by classical BF. Participants in VR-BF interventions showed higher motivation and involvement as well as a better user experience. Heart rate or heart rate variability were the most frequently used BF parameters (50.0%), and most VR-BF interventions (72.2%) employed a natural environment (e.g., island). Currently, there is no clear evidence that VR-BF is more effective than traditional BF. Yet, results indicate that VR-BF may have advantages regarding motivation, user experience, involvement and attentional focus. Further research is needed to assess the specific impact of VR and gamification. Also, testing a broader range of clinical and younger samples would allow more far-reaching conclusions.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Biofeedback, Psychology; Humans; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 34860290
DOI: 10.1007/s10484-021-09529-9 -
European Review For Medical and... Mar 2021
Topics: Anxiety; COVID-19; Humans; Psychophysiology; SARS-CoV-2; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 33755950
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202103_25204 -
Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine Jan 2016Stress can trigger both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias, as evidenced by epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies, through its impact on autonomic activity.... (Review)
Review
Stress can trigger both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias, as evidenced by epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies, through its impact on autonomic activity. Chronic stress also increases vulnerability to arrhythmias. Novel therapies aimed at decreasing the psychological and physiological response to stress may decrease arrhythmia frequency and improve quality of life.
Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Autonomic Nervous System; Humans; Psychophysiology; Quality of Life; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 25983071
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.04.008 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Nov 1963The conceptual difficulties in the diagnosis of depression, and the study of affect generally, hinder a clear approach to the "organic" side of depressive illness. While... (Review)
Review
The conceptual difficulties in the diagnosis of depression, and the study of affect generally, hinder a clear approach to the "organic" side of depressive illness. While autonomic, biochemical and electrophysiological disturbances follow a general pattern in severe retarded depressions, correlation of these with the variable somatic symptomatology is only partial and demarcation from other psychiatric syndromes vague. Various attempts have been made to relate the patterns of autonomic reaction to thought content on the one hand and to central nervous system activity and organization on the other. In recent years, fragments of knowledge about physiological changes accompanying affective experiences in infancy have appeared. Isolated descriptions of what appears to have been the replacement of depression by somatic symptoms with or without somatic pathology have not yet been organized into a coherent whole. In this article the various studies and opinions relevant to the above conclusions have been reviewed and the findings discussed.
Topics: Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Infant; Psychophysiology
PubMed: 14052978
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) are disproportionately vulnerable to poorer oral health due to their complex needs specifically sensory...
The Effectiveness of Sensory Adaptive Dental Environments to Reduce Corresponding Negative Behaviours and Psychophysiology Responses in Children and Young People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) are disproportionately vulnerable to poorer oral health due to their complex needs specifically sensory processing difficulties. This leads to increased maladaptive behaviours and psychophysiology responses of dental anxiety amplified by the overstimulating aspects of the dental environment. Although, there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that sensory adaptions are an effective strategy for individuals with IDDs in a wide range of settings, there is a lack of high-quality evidence detailing the effectiveness in a dental setting. The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of sensory adaptive dental environments (SADE) to reduce dental anxiety, corresponding negative behaviours and psychophysiology responses in children and young people with IDDs. The systematic review will include all Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) that investigate the effectiveness of SADE compared to control (no intervention), waitlist or usual care (regular dental environment) to reduce dental anxiety and the corresponding negative behaviours and psychophysiology responses in children and young people (upto the ages of 24 years) with IDDs. This review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases including MEDLINE (Ovid), The Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science and OT Seeker will be searched using appropriate keywords. Additionally, citation searching will be conducted. Screening based on titles and abstracts will be done after de-duplication, followed by full-text reading for selection based on the inclusion criteria. Data extracted from the included studies will be tabulated and assessed for risk of bias. If applicable, a meta-analysis of the pooled data will be conducted. The review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022322083).
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Developmental Disabilities; Psychophysiology; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 36360634
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113758 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022The ability to perform under extreme pressure is one of the most sought-after qualities in both sports and tactical (military, law enforcement, fire, and rescue, etc.)... (Review)
Review
The ability to perform under extreme pressure is one of the most sought-after qualities in both sports and tactical (military, law enforcement, fire, and rescue, etc.) occupations. While tactical performance relies on both physical and mental capabilities to achieve a desired outcome, it is often hampered by the stressful environments in which these personnel work. The acute stress experienced by tactical personnel can interfere with occupational performance, impacting both physical execution of tasks and decision-making. This narrative review discusses the implications of acute stress on the psychophysiology and physical performance of personnel serving in armed tactical occupations.
Topics: Humans; Law Enforcement; Military Personnel; Occupations; Psychophysiology; Sports
PubMed: 35162825
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031802 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jun 2022Dysregulated children experience significant impairment in regulating their affect, behavior, and cognitions and are at risk for numerous adverse sequelae. The unclear...
OBJECTIVE
Dysregulated children experience significant impairment in regulating their affect, behavior, and cognitions and are at risk for numerous adverse sequelae. The unclear phenomenology of their symptoms presents a barrier to evidence-based diagnosis and treatment.
METHOD
The cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological mechanisms of dysregulation were examined in a mixed clinical and community sample of 294 children ages 7-17 using the Research Domain Criteria constructs of cognitive control and frustrative nonreward.
RESULTS
Results showed that caregivers of dysregulated children viewed them as having many more problems with everyday executive function than children with moderate or low levels of psychiatric symptoms; however, during standardized assessments of more complex cognitive control tasks, performance of dysregulated children differed only from children with low symptoms on tests of cognitive flexibility. In addition, when frustrated, dysregulated children performed more poorly on the Go/No-Go Task and demonstrated less autonomic flexibility as indexed by low respiratory sinus arrhythmia and pre-ejection period scores.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggest that autonomic inflexibility and impaired cognitive function in the context of frustration may be mechanisms underlying childhood dysregulation.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cognition; Executive Function; Frustration; Humans; Psychophysiology; Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia
PubMed: 35074486
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.11.033 -
Revista de Neurologia Jul 2012Dreams are a universal human experience and studying them from the point of view of neuroscience, consciousness, emotions and cognition is quite a challenge for... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Dreams are a universal human experience and studying them from the point of view of neuroscience, consciousness, emotions and cognition is quite a challenge for researchers. Thus, dreams have been addressed from a number of different perspectives ranging from philosophy to clinical medicine, as well as psychiatry, psychology, artificial intelligence, neural network models, psychophysiology or neurobiology.
DEVELOPMENT
The main models are grounded on the biological function of dreams, especially those based on processes involving the consolidation of memory and forgetting, and models of simulation. Similarly, current models are developed upon the neurobiology and the neuropsychology of the REM phases of sleep and how they are differentiated from wakefulness. Thus, neurobiologically speaking, dreams are related to the role of acetylcholine and, neuropsychologically, to the activation of the limbic and paralimbic regions, the activation of the basal ganglia, the activation of cortical areas with a specific modality (especially Brodmann's areas 19, 22 and 37) and the deactivation of the ventromedial, parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate.
CONCLUSIONS
Dreams can be considered a state of consciousness that is characterised by a reduced control over their content, visual images and activation of the memory, and which is mediated by motivational incentives and emotional salience.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cats; Consciousness; Dreams; Humans; Memory; Models, Neurological; Models, Psychological; Neuroimaging; Sleep Stages
PubMed: 22760770
DOI: No ID Found