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Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Mar 2022Over the past decades, virtual reality (VR) has found its way into biofeedback (BF) therapy programs. Using VR promises to overcome challenges encountered in traditional... (Review)
Review
Over the past decades, virtual reality (VR) has found its way into biofeedback (BF) therapy programs. Using VR promises to overcome challenges encountered in traditional BF such as low treatment motivation, low attentional focus and the difficulty of transferring learnt abilities to everyday life. Yet, a comprehensive research synthesis is still missing. Hence, this scoping review aims to provide an overview over empirical studies on VR based BF regarding key outcomes, included samples, used soft- and hardware, BF parameters, mode of application and potential limitations. We systematically searched Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Open Grey for empirical research. Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Samples mostly consisted of healthy (44.4%) and/or adult (77.7%) participants. Outcomes were mainly anxiety (44.4%), stress (44.4%) or pain reduction (11.1%), which were reduced by the VR-BF interventions at least as much as by classical BF. Participants in VR-BF interventions showed higher motivation and involvement as well as a better user experience. Heart rate or heart rate variability were the most frequently used BF parameters (50.0%), and most VR-BF interventions (72.2%) employed a natural environment (e.g., island). Currently, there is no clear evidence that VR-BF is more effective than traditional BF. Yet, results indicate that VR-BF may have advantages regarding motivation, user experience, involvement and attentional focus. Further research is needed to assess the specific impact of VR and gamification. Also, testing a broader range of clinical and younger samples would allow more far-reaching conclusions.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Biofeedback, Psychology; Humans; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 34860290
DOI: 10.1007/s10484-021-09529-9 -
Behavioural Neurology 2006
Topics: Awareness; Biological Evolution; Brain; Humans; Hypnosis; Psychophysiology; Signal Detection, Psychological; Social Behavior
PubMed: 17148832
DOI: 10.1155/2006/164397 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) are disproportionately vulnerable to poorer oral health due to their complex needs specifically sensory...
The Effectiveness of Sensory Adaptive Dental Environments to Reduce Corresponding Negative Behaviours and Psychophysiology Responses in Children and Young People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs) are disproportionately vulnerable to poorer oral health due to their complex needs specifically sensory processing difficulties. This leads to increased maladaptive behaviours and psychophysiology responses of dental anxiety amplified by the overstimulating aspects of the dental environment. Although, there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that sensory adaptions are an effective strategy for individuals with IDDs in a wide range of settings, there is a lack of high-quality evidence detailing the effectiveness in a dental setting. The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of sensory adaptive dental environments (SADE) to reduce dental anxiety, corresponding negative behaviours and psychophysiology responses in children and young people with IDDs. The systematic review will include all Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) that investigate the effectiveness of SADE compared to control (no intervention), waitlist or usual care (regular dental environment) to reduce dental anxiety and the corresponding negative behaviours and psychophysiology responses in children and young people (upto the ages of 24 years) with IDDs. This review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases including MEDLINE (Ovid), The Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science and OT Seeker will be searched using appropriate keywords. Additionally, citation searching will be conducted. Screening based on titles and abstracts will be done after de-duplication, followed by full-text reading for selection based on the inclusion criteria. Data extracted from the included studies will be tabulated and assessed for risk of bias. If applicable, a meta-analysis of the pooled data will be conducted. The review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022322083).
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Developmental Disabilities; Psychophysiology; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 36360634
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113758 -
Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral... Aug 2023Guilt is a negative emotion, elicited by realizing one has caused actual or perceived harm to another person. Anecdotally, guilt often is described as a visceral and...
Guilt is a negative emotion, elicited by realizing one has caused actual or perceived harm to another person. Anecdotally, guilt often is described as a visceral and physical experience. However, while the way that the body responds to and contributes to emotions is well known in basic emotions, little is known about the characteristics of guilt as generated by the autonomic nervous system. This study investigated the physiologic signature associated with guilt in adults with no history of psychological or autonomic disorder. Healthy adults completed a novel task, including an initial questionnaire about their habits and attitudes, followed by videos designed to elicit guilt, as well as the comparison emotions of amusement, disgust, sadness, pride, and neutral. During the video task, participants' swallowing rate, electrodermal activity, heart rate, respiration rate, and gastric activity rate were continuously recorded. Guilt was associated with alterations in gastric rhythms, electrodermal activity, and swallowing rate relative to some or all the comparison emotions. These findings suggest that there is a mixed pattern of sympathetic and parasympathetic activation during the experience of guilt. These results highlight potential therapeutic targets for modulation of guilt in neurologic and psychiatric disorders with deficient or elevated levels of guilt, such as frontotemporal dementia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and Obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Guilt; Emotions; Psychophysiology; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
PubMed: 36964412
DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01079-3 -
Biological Psychology Sep 2022A sigh is a distinct respiratory behavior with specific psychophysiological roles. In two accompanying reviews we will discuss the physiological and psychological... (Review)
Review
A sigh is a distinct respiratory behavior with specific psychophysiological roles. In two accompanying reviews we will discuss the physiological and psychological functions of the sigh. The present review will focus on the psychological functions of the sigh. We discuss the regulatory effects of a sigh, and argue how these effects may become maladaptive when sighs occur excessively. The adaptive role of a sigh is discussed in the context of regulation of psychophysiological states. We propose that sighs facilitate transitions from one psychophysiological state to the next, and this way contribute to psychophysiological flexibility, via a hypothesized resetting mechanism. We discuss how a sigh resets respiration, by controlling mechanical and metabolic properties of respiration associated with respiratory symptoms. Next, we elaborate on a sigh resetting emotional states by facilitating emotional transitions. We attempt to explain the adaptive and maladaptive functions of a sigh in the framework of stochastic resonance, in which we propose occasional, spontaneous sighs to be noise contributing to psychophysiological regulation, while excessive sighs result in psychophysiological dysregulation. In this context, we discuss how sighs can contribute to therapeutic interventions, either by increasing sighs to improve regulation in case of a lack of sighing, or by decreasing sighs to restore regulation in case of excessive sighing. Finally, a research agenda on the psychology of sighs is presented.
Topics: Emotions; Humans; Psychophysiology; Respiration
PubMed: 35803439
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108386 -
Psychophysiology Jan 2009The foundations of orienting and attention are hypothesized to stem from activation of defensive and appetitive motivational systems that evolved to protect and sustain... (Review)
Review
The foundations of orienting and attention are hypothesized to stem from activation of defensive and appetitive motivational systems that evolved to protect and sustain the life of the individual. Motivational activation initiates a cascade of perceptual and motor processes that facilitate the selection of appropriate behavior. Among these are detection of significance, indexed by a late centro-parietal positivity in the event-related potential, enhanced perceptual processing, indexed by a initial cardiac deceleration, and preparation for action, indexed by electrodermal changes. Data exploring the role of stimulus novelty and significance in orienting are presented that indicate different components of the orienting response habituate at different rates. Taken together, it is suggested that orienting is mediated by activation of fundamental motivational systems that have evolved to support survival.
Topics: Animals; Attention; Emotions; Evoked Potentials; Galvanic Skin Response; Heart Rate; Humans; Motivation; Orientation; Photic Stimulation
PubMed: 18778317
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00702.x -
Psychophysiology Jul 2019Detecting and correcting errors is essential to successful action. Studies on response monitoring have examined scalp ERPs following the commission of motor slips in... (Review)
Review
Detecting and correcting errors is essential to successful action. Studies on response monitoring have examined scalp ERPs following the commission of motor slips in speeded-response tasks, focusing on a frontocentral negativity (i.e., error-related negativity or ERN). Sensorimotor neurophysiologists investigating cortical monitoring of reactive balance recovery behavior observe a strikingly similar pattern of scalp ERPs following externally imposed postural errors, including a brief frontocentral negativity that has been referred to as the balance N1. We integrate and review relevant literature from these discrepant fields to suggest shared underlying mechanisms and potential benefits of collaboration across fields. Unlike the cognitive tasks leveraged to study the ERN, balance perturbations afford precise experimental control of postural errors to elicit balance N1s that are an order of magnitude larger than the ERN and drive robust and well-characterized adaptation of behavior within an experimental session. Many factors that modulate the ERN, including motivation, perceived consequences, perceptual salience, expectation, development, and aging, are likewise known to modulate the balance N1. We propose that the ERN and balance N1 reflect common neural activity for detecting errors. Collaboration across fields could help clarify the functional significance of the ERN and poorly understood interactions between motor and cognitive impairments.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Humans; Postural Balance; Reaction Time
PubMed: 30820966
DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13359 -
British Medical Journal Dec 1970
Topics: Adolescent; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Enuresis; Female; Humans; Male; Psychophysiology; Sex Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Stress, Psychological; Urine
PubMed: 5497410
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.4.5738.787 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Aug 2011Direct visualization of heart-brain interactions is the goal when assessing autonomic nervous system function. Cortical topology relevant to neuroimaging consists of the... (Review)
Review
Direct visualization of heart-brain interactions is the goal when assessing autonomic nervous system function. Cortical topology relevant to neuroimaging consists of the cingulate, insula, and amygdala, all of which share proximity to the basal ganglia. Significant cardiac effects stemming from brain injury are well known, including alteration of cardiac rhythms, cardiac variability, and blood pressure regulation; in some instances, these effects may correlate with neuroimaging, depending on the region of the brain involved. It is difficult to achieve visualization of areas within the brainstem that govern autonomic responses, although investigators have identified brain correlates of autonomic function with the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging and electrocardiographic data obtained simultaneously. The potential utility of brain imaging in sick patients may be limited because of challenges such as the magnetic resonance imaging environment and blunted autonomic responses, but continued investigation is warranted.
Topics: Autonomic Nervous System; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuroimaging; Psychophysiology; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 21972335
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.78.s1.12 -
Research on Child and Adolescent... Jun 2022Relative to children without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), children with ASD experience elevated sleep problems that can contribute to behavioral comorbidities. This...
Relative to children without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), children with ASD experience elevated sleep problems that can contribute to behavioral comorbidities. This study explored the interaction between psychophysiology and sleep to determine which children with ASD may be at risk for, or resilient to, effects of poor sleep on daytime behavior. Participants included 48 children (aged 6-10 years) with ASD. Measures of sympathetic nervous system activity (electrodermal activity; EDA) were collected during a baseline and in response to a laboratory challenge task. Parents reported on their children's sleep problems and behavioral functioning, including broad externalizing symptoms and situational noncompliance, using standardized questionnaires and a clinical interview. EDA moderated the significant positive associations between sleep problems and both behavioral outcomes. The link between sleep problems and broad externalizing symptoms and situational noncompliance was positive and significant in the context of lower baseline EDA and nonsignificant in the context of higher baseline EDA. Sleep problems also interacted with EDA reactivity in predicting situational noncompliance, but not broad externalizing symptoms. Findings highlight the complex interplay among sleep, daytime behavior, and psychophysiology in children with ASD. Results are interpreted in the context of differential susceptibility and dual-risk frameworks. This study underscores the importance of high-quality sleep for children with ASD, especially those with the biological sensitivity or vulnerability factors (i.e., EDA) identified in this study. Clinical implications are discussed, and directions for future research are provided.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Galvanic Skin Response; Humans; Parents; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders
PubMed: 35032292
DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00900-w