-
PloS One 2021According to family systems theory, a family is regarded as an organized whole and relations within this system are interconnected. However, it is not clear to date... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
According to family systems theory, a family is regarded as an organized whole and relations within this system are interconnected. However, it is not clear to date whether the interparental and the sibling relationship are associated and, if such an association exists, whether it is positive or negative. Previous findings on the associations between the interparental and sibling relationships are inconsistent and there is as yet no pertinent review or meta-analysis. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis set out (1) to aggregate previous studies investigating the links between the interparental and sibling relationships and (2) to examine potential moderators in this link. Based on 47 studies reporting 234 effect sizes (N = 29,746 from six nations; 6-12 years; 49% boys), meta-analytic results suggest a small positive correlation between interparental and sibling relationship quality (r = .14). Only the percentage of male children in the sample moderated this effect. Sex composition of sibling dyad and source of publication affected whether positive or negative associations were found. The findings support a growing consensus that family relations do not function in isolation, but are mutually interdependent, which should be considered in clinical practice.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Sibling Relations; Siblings
PubMed: 34582487
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257874 -
Evolutionary Psychology : An... Jun 2015Studies have shown that unequal parental treatment is associated with relationship quality between siblings. However, it is unclear how it affects the relationship...
Studies have shown that unequal parental treatment is associated with relationship quality between siblings. However, it is unclear how it affects the relationship between full and half-siblings. Using data from the Generational Transmissions in Finland project (n = 1,537 younger adults), we study whether those who have half-siblings perceive more unequal parental treatment than those who have full siblings only. In addition, we study how unequal parental treatment is associated with sibling relationship between full, maternal, and paternal half-siblings. First, we found that individuals who have maternal and/or paternal half-siblings are more likely to have encountered unequal maternal treatment than individuals who have full siblings only. Second, we found that unequal parental treatment impairs full as well as maternal and paternal half-sibling relations in adulthood. Third, unequal parental treatment mediates the effect of genetic relatedness on sibling relations in the case of maternal half-siblings, but not in the case of paternal half-siblings. After controlling for unequal parental treatment, the quality of maternal half-sibling relationships did not differ from that of full siblings, whereas the quality of paternal half-sibling relationships still did. Fourth, the qualitative comments (n = 206) from the same population reveal that unequal parental treatment presents itself several ways, such as differential financial, emotional, or practical support.
Topics: Adult; Female; Finland; Humans; Male; Maternal Behavior; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Parents; Paternal Behavior; Sibling Relations; Siblings; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 26101176
DOI: 10.1177/147470491501300211 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Apr 2017To establish a query table of IBS critical value and identification power for the detection systems with different numbers of STR loci under different false judgment...
OBJECTIVES
To establish a query table of IBS critical value and identification power for the detection systems with different numbers of STR loci under different false judgment standards.
METHODS
Samples of 267 pairs of full siblings and 360 pairs of unrelated individuals were collected and 19 autosomal STR loci were genotyped by Goldenye™ 20A system. The full siblings were determined using IBS scoring method according to the 'Regulation for biological full sibling testing'. The critical values and identification power for the detection systems with different numbers of STR loci under different false judgment standards were calculated by theoretical methods.
RESULTS
According to the formal IBS scoring criteria, the identification power of full siblings and unrelated individuals was 0.764 0 and the rate of false judgment was 0. The results of theoretical calculation were consistent with that of sample observation. The query table of IBS critical value for identification of full sibling detection systems with different numbers of STR loci was successfully established.
CONCLUSIONS
The IBS scoring method defined by the regulation has high detection efficiency and low false judgment rate, which provides a relatively conservative result. The query table of IBS critical value for identification of full sibling detection systems with different numbers of STR loci provides an important reference data for the result judgment of full sibling testing and owns a considerable practical value.
Topics: Alleles; Genotype; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Siblings
PubMed: 29231018
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2017.02.006 -
Journal of Family Psychology : JFP :... Aug 2021Finding ways to protect youth from maladjustment during adolescence and young adulthood is important, and youth of Mexican descent are key targets for such efforts given...
Finding ways to protect youth from maladjustment during adolescence and young adulthood is important, and youth of Mexican descent are key targets for such efforts given that they experience higher rates of depressive symptoms, risky behaviors, and sexual risk behaviors compared to youth from other ethnic/racial groups. Using a sample of younger ( Time 1 = 12.77 years) and older ( Time 1 = 15.70 years) siblings from an 8-year longitudinal study of 246 Mexican-origin families, we conducted path analyses to test whether older siblings' reports of sibling intimacy predicted younger siblings' later positive values and adjustment problems controlling for prior adjustment and maternal and paternal warmth. Additionally, we tested whether younger siblings' familism values moderated and their positive values mediated the sibling intimacy to adjustment problem linkages. Findings revealed that sibling intimacy in early adolescence predicted younger siblings' adjustment problems in young adulthood via their positive values in later adolescence, but only for younger siblings with strong familism values. This study highlights the importance of examining promotive factors, such as positive relationship qualities and familism values, and how positive values protect against problems in young adulthood. Results also have practical implications for prevention programs including the utility of promoting positive sibling relationships and values. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Child; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Mexican Americans; Sibling Relations; Siblings; Young Adult
PubMed: 32881559
DOI: 10.1037/fam0000801 -
Journal of Youth and Adolescence Jun 2019The sibling relationship has an important impact on children's emotional functioning, but it is yet unclear whether and how sibling relationship quality affects...
The sibling relationship has an important impact on children's emotional functioning, but it is yet unclear whether and how sibling relationship quality affects adolescent depressive symptoms over time. This study contributes to existing knowledge by examining the relative importance of three aspects of sibling relationship quality (i.e., support, conflict and power balance) on the one hand and sibling depressive symptoms on the other hand in predicting adolescent depressive symptoms over time. Additionally, this study examined whether these influence patterns were moderated by perceived sibling relationship quality and by dyadic gender composition. Across six annual waves, 412 Dutch adolescents (57% boys; M = 12.34 years) and their older siblings (47% boys; M = 15.36 years) reported on depressive symptoms and sibling relationship quality. Cross-lagged panel analyses showed that only sibling depressive symptoms and not perceived relationship quality predicted adolescent depressive symptoms one year later. This effect was not moderated by sibling relationship quality or gender composition. These results indicate that sibling depressive symptoms may be a risk factor for adolescent depressive symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Depression; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Sibling Relations; Siblings; Social Perception
PubMed: 30848443
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01009-y -
Twin Research and Human Genetics : the... Dec 2019The Project Talent Twin and Sibling (PTTS) study includes 4481 multiples and their 522 nontwin siblings from 2233 families. The sample was drawn from Project Talent, a...
The Project Talent Twin and Sibling (PTTS) study includes 4481 multiples and their 522 nontwin siblings from 2233 families. The sample was drawn from Project Talent, a U.S. national longitudinal study of 377,000 individuals born 1942-1946, first assessed in 1960 and representative of U.S. students in secondary school (Grades 9-12). In addition to the twins and triplets, the 1960 dataset includes 84,000 siblings from 40,000 other families. This design is both genetically informative and unique in facilitating separation of the 'common' environment into three sources of variation: shared by all siblings within a family, specific to twin-pairs, and associated with school/community-level factors. We term this the GIFTS model for genetics, individual, family, twin, and school sources of variance. In our article published in a previous Twin Research and Human Genetics special issue, we described data collections conducted with the full Project Talent sample during 1960-1974, methods for the recent linking of siblings within families, identification of twins, and the design of a 54-year follow-up of the PTTS sample, when participants were 68-72 years old. In the current article, we summarize participation and data available from this 2014 collection, describe our method for assigning zygosity using survey responses and yearbook photographs, illustrate the GIFTS model applied to 1960 vocabulary scores from more than 80,000 adolescent twins, siblings and schoolmates and summarize the next wave of PTTS data collection being conducted as part of the larger Project Talent Aging Study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aptitude; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Siblings; Twins, Dizygotic; Twins, Monozygotic
PubMed: 32043952
DOI: 10.1017/thg.2019.117 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Dec 2023Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events during childhood known to affect health and well-being across the life span. The detrimental impact ACEs have... (Review)
Review
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events during childhood known to affect health and well-being across the life span. The detrimental impact ACEs have on children and young people is well-established. It is also known that 85 to 90% of children have at least one sibling. Using this as the foundation for our inquiry, the purpose of this scoping review was to understand what we currently know about the experiences of siblings living with ACEs. Sibling relationships are unique, and for some the most enduring of experiences. These relationships can be thought of as bonds held together by love and warmth; however, they can also provide scope for undesirable outcomes, such as escalation of conflicts and animosities. This scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) methodological framework, complemented by the PAGER framework (Bradbury-Jones et al. 2021), offering a structured approach to the review's analysis and reporting through presenting the atterns, dvances, aps, and vidence for practice and esearch. In June 2020, we searched 12 databases, with 11,469 results. Articles were screened for eligibility by the review team leaving a total of 148 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Included articles highlighted overwhelming evidence of older siblings shielding younger siblings, and the likelihood that when one sibling experiences adversity, other siblings will be experiencing it themselves or vicariously. The implications of this in practice are that support services and statutory bodies need to ensure considerations are given to all siblings when one has presented with experiencing childhood adversity, especially to older siblings who may take far more burden as regards care-giving and protection of younger siblings. Given that more than half of the included articles did not offer any theoretical understanding to sibling experiences of ACEs, this area is of importance for future research. Greater attention is also needed for research exploring different types of sibling relationships (full, step, half), and whether these influence the impact that ACEs have on children and young people.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Siblings; Sibling Relations; Adverse Childhood Experiences
PubMed: 36382953
DOI: 10.1177/15248380221134289 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Jun 2023To establish an analytical method for half sibling testing involving common three relatives' participation.
OBJECTIVES
To establish an analytical method for half sibling testing involving common three relatives' participation.
METHODS
Based on the half sibling testing scenarios with the known biological mother, grandfather or uncle, and two unidentified controversial half siblings participating, two opposing hypotheses were set. Lineage reconstruction according to Mendel's law of heredity was carried out, and the calculation formula of the half sibling kinship index was derived. Verification of actual cases was carried out and the results were compared with duo half sibling testing.
RESULTS
In the scenarios of the known biological mother, grandfather and uncle participating in half sibling testing, the kinship calculation formulae of 54, 91 and 99 genotype combinations for kinship index calculation were deduced respectively. The actual cases showed higher kinship indexes in trio half sibling testing compared with duo half sibling testing.
CONCLUSIONS
It is beneficial to obtain more genetic information for family reconstruction and improvement of the strength of genetic evidence for half sibling testing by adding known relatives.
Topics: Female; Humans; Siblings; Genotype; Mothers; Microsatellite Repeats
PubMed: 37517013
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.511202 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2021Adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) continuously need family support because of their repeated follow ups, treatments, and complications. However, sibling...
Adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) continuously need family support because of their repeated follow ups, treatments, and complications. However, sibling relationships have not been well studied among adolescents with CHD. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships between adolescents with CHD and their siblings, and to examine these relationships according to birth order and age. Adolescents aged from 13 to 21 years who had been diagnosed with CHD and had siblings were included as participants. The Sibling Relationship Questionnaire (SRQ) was used. The SRQ consists of four factors: warmth/closeness, conflict, relative power/status, and rivalry. A univariate general linear model was conducted to identify the sibling relationship factors according to birth order and sibling ages. The score for relative power/status of participants who were the eldest sibling was higher than that of younger siblings. The score for rivalry increased as sibling age increased. Therefore, healthcare providers need to investigate sibling relationships and to explain the importance of self-identity and power balance between adolescents with CHD and their siblings to parents.
Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Sibling Relations; Siblings; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33800133
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052698 -
JAMA Network Open Jan 2024Sibling death is a highly traumatic event, but empirical evidence on the association of sibling death in childhood and early adulthood with subsequent risk of incident...
IMPORTANCE
Sibling death is a highly traumatic event, but empirical evidence on the association of sibling death in childhood and early adulthood with subsequent risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains limited.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association between sibling death in the early decades of life and subsequent risk of incident early-onset CVD.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This population-based cohort study included 2 098 659 individuals born in Denmark from 1978 to 2018. Follow-up started at age 1 year or the date of the first sibling's birth, whichever occurred later, and it ended at the first diagnosis of CVD, the date of death, emigration, or December 31, 2018, whichever came first. Data analyses were conducted from November 1, 2021, through January 10, 2022.
EXPOSURES
The death of a sibling.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The outcome was early-onset CVD. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs.
RESULTS
This study included 2 098 659 individuals (1 076 669 [51.30%] male; median [IQR] age at death of sibling, 11.48 [4.68-21.32] years). During the median (IQR) follow-up of 17.52 (8.85-26.05) years, 1286 and 76 862 individuals in the bereaved and nonbereaved groups, respectively, were diagnosed with CVD. Sibling death in childhood and early adulthood was associated with a 17% increased risk of overall CVD (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.10-1.23; cumulative incidence in bereaved individuals, 1.96% [1.61%-2.34%]; cumulative incidence in nonbereaved individuals at age 41 years, 1.35% [1.34%-1.37%]; cumulative incidence difference: 0.61% [95% CI, 0.24%-0.98%]). Increased risks were also observed for most type-specific CVDs, in particular for myocardial infarction (HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.12-2.46), ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.22-1.90), and heart failure (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.00-2.26). The association was observed whether the sibling died due to CVD (HR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.04-3.17) or non-CVD (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06-1.19) causes. The increased risk of CVD was more pronounced for individuals who lost a twin or younger sibling (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.15-1.36) than an elder sibling (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.20).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this cohort study of the Danish population, sibling death in childhood and early adulthood was associated with increased risks of overall and most type-specific early-onset CVDs, with the strength of associations varying by cause of death and age difference between sibling pairs. The findings highlight the need for extra attention and support to the bereaved siblings to reduce CVD risk later in life.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adult; Aged; Infant; Child, Preschool; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Siblings; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cohort Studies; Cardiovascular System; Heart Failure
PubMed: 38190182
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50814