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Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Apr 2023To investigate the changes of inflammation and immune function in children with chronic tonsillitis after tonsillotomy. Prospectively collected 60 children with...
To investigate the changes of inflammation and immune function in children with chronic tonsillitis after tonsillotomy. Prospectively collected 60 children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) diagnosed as chronic tonsillitis with adenoids and tonsillar hypertrophy from January to June 2021. Two groups were divided, the experimental group (=30) underwent bilateral partial tonsillectomy + adenoidectomy by hypothermia plasma ablation, and the control group (=30) underwent adenoidectomy by using the same hypothermia plasma ablation method. The number of tonsillitis attacks before surgery and within one year after surgery was recorded, and the serum immunoglobulin IgM, IgG, IgA, complement C3 and complement C4 levels before operation, one month and three months after operation were measured. The number of tonsillitis attacks in the experimental group and the control group at one year after surgery was lower than that before surgery(<0.05); The number of inflammatory attacks in the experimental group was (0.50±0.63) times/year, which was lower than that of (1.33±0.80) times/year in the control group. There was no significant difference in the five immunization results of the two groups at one month and three months after operation compared with before operation, and there was also no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups. Partial tonsillectomy can be applied to children with chronic tonsillitis, which can effectively reduce the number of tonsillitis attacks and has no effect on the immune function of children.
Topics: Child; Humans; Tonsillectomy; Hypothermia; Tonsillitis; Adenoidectomy; Palatine Tonsil; Inflammation; Chronic Disease; Immunity
PubMed: 36987962
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.04.012 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Mar 2021
Topics: Humans; Pain, Postoperative; Palatine Tonsil; Postoperative Hemorrhage
PubMed: 33754674
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0127 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2022Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) is a powerful molecular technique that enables direct visualisation of specific bacterial species. Few studies have established...
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) is a powerful molecular technique that enables direct visualisation of specific bacterial species. Few studies have established FISH protocols for tonsil tissue in Carnoy's fixative, accordingly limiting its application to investigate the pathogenesis of tonsillar hyperplasia. Tonsil tissue from 24 children undergoing tonsillectomy for either recurrent tonsillitis or sleep-disordered breathing were obtained during a previous study. The specificity of each of the five FISH probes (Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Streptococcus spp., Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas spp.) were successfully optimised using pure and mixed bacterial isolates, and in Carnoy's fixed tonsil tissue. Bacteroides spp. were present in 100% of patients with microcolonies. In comparison, the prevalence of Fusobacterium spp. was 93.8%, Streptococcus spp. 85.7%, H. influenzae 82.35% and Pseudomonas spp. 76.5%. Notable differences in the organisation of bacterial taxa within a single microcolony were also observed. This is the first study to establish a robust FISH protocol identifying multiple aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in Carnoy's fixed tonsil tissue. This protocol provides a strong foundation for combining histological and microbiological analyses of Carnoy's fixed tonsil samples. It may also have important implications on the analysis of microorganisms in other human tissues prepared using the same techniques.
Topics: Bacteria; Child; Fixatives; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Palatine Tonsil; Streptococcus; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis
PubMed: 35858968
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16309-w -
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology Apr 2018Tonsillectomy is among the most commonly performed operations in children. Although follicular lymphoid hyperplasia is usually the main and only pathologic finding at... (Review)
Review
Tonsillectomy is among the most commonly performed operations in children. Although follicular lymphoid hyperplasia is usually the main and only pathologic finding at microscopic examination, a variety of other rare but important pathologic changes may be encountered. This review aims to provide an inclusive practical resource and reference for both training and practising pathologists. It discusses the spectrum of pathologic findings, including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions and provides illustrative images.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 29704380
DOI: No ID Found -
Lancet (London, England) Nov 1980
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Bacteria; Child; Humans; Metronidazole; Palatine Tonsil; Streptococcus pyogenes; Tonsillitis; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 6107605
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)92122-4 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2014Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder that affects 1% to 3% of the general population worldwide. Streptococcal infection, especially streptococcal pharyngitis, has been... (Review)
Review
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder that affects 1% to 3% of the general population worldwide. Streptococcal infection, especially streptococcal pharyngitis, has been shown to be a significant trigger of psoriasis in some patients, possibly by sensitizing T cells to keratin epitopes in the skin. Due to the role of the palatine tonsils as an immunological organ that may generate autoreactive T cells, tonsillectomy has been investigated as a treatment for psoriasis. Tonsillectomy originally gained acceptance in Japan as a treatment for palmoplantar pustulosis, a condition that shares features with pustular psoriasis. Subsequently, tonsillectomy has been used for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and guttate psoriasis. Recently, the first randomized, controlled clinical trial of tonsillectomy was performed. Here, we review the available evidence for the benefit of tonsillectomy as a treatment for palmoplantar pustulosis and psoriasis. We also discuss molecular studies aimed at understanding the role of tonsils in skin disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Palatine Tonsil; Psoriasis; Streptococcal Infections; T-Lymphocytes; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis; Young Adult
PubMed: 24283892
DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2013.848258 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Feb 1990
Review
Topics: Humans; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis
PubMed: 2181132
DOI: 10.1177/014107689008300216 -
Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica :... Aug 2018Expression profiles of CXC- and CC-chemokines in various forms of tonsillar disease were studied to evaluate whether certain chemokines play a predominant role in a...
Expression profiles of CXC- and CC-chemokines in various forms of tonsillar disease were studied to evaluate whether certain chemokines play a predominant role in a specific subset of tonsillar disease. Total RNA was isolated from 89 biopsies (21 hyperplastic palatine tonsils, 25 adenoids, 16 chronic inflammatory palatine tonsils and 27 chronic inflammatory palatine tonsils with histological prove of acute inflammation), reverse transcribed and subjected to PCR amplifying IL-8, Gro-alpha, eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, MCP-3, MCP-4 and RANTES. 2% agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a predominance of IL-8 in the chronic inflammatory palatine tonsil group compared to tonsillar hyperplasia. Furthermore, eotaxin-2 was strongly overexpressed in adenoid samples compared to chronic inflammatory specimens. Our data suggest that the majority of diseases related to adenoid formation are mediated via an eotaxin-2 expression, whereas chronic inflammatory tonsillitis is associated with IL-8 upregulation. These data imply that adenoids are related to a Th-2, and chronic inflammatory tonsillitis to a Th-1 based immune response.
Topics: Adenoids; Adult; Chemokines; Child; Child, Preschool; Gene Expression; Humans; Hyperplasia; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillitis
PubMed: 30197422
DOI: 10.14639/0392-100X-1743 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... 2012IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the common primary glomerulonephritis, is a tonsillar focal infection characterized by the qualitative abnormality of IgA in circulation and IgA... (Review)
Review
IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the common primary glomerulonephritis, is a tonsillar focal infection characterized by the qualitative abnormality of IgA in circulation and IgA deposition in the renal mesangium. Mesangial deposition of IgA, which is composed predominantly of poorly galactosylated polymeric IgA1 (pIgA1), seems to be the initiating event in the pathogenesis of IgAN. The origin of poorly galactosylated IgA, however, remains unclear. Recent studies suggest that the mesangial polymeric IgA1 deposition could be derived from mucosally primed plasma cells. B cells may undergo IgA class switching to acquire the expression of IgA via T-cell-dependent or T-cell-independent pathways in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and then differentiate to IgA plasma cells or home in on systemic sites. Dendritic cells, including plasmacytoid dendritic cells and another type of antigen-retaining cell, follicular dendritic cells, have an irreplaceable role in IgA class-switch mechanisms by producing IgA-inducing signals. Furthermore, an increased number of pIgA1-secreting plasma cells in the bone marrow and tonsil, as well as increased IgA class switching, have been found in IgAN, providing a link between the mucosal immunity and IgAN. The favorable effect of tonsillectomy on patients with IgAN showed that tonsillar focal infection may be closely related to pIgA1 deposition in glomerular mesangium of patients with IgAN and at least a part of pIgA1 may originate from affected tonsils. Therefore, the indication for tonsillectomy should be considered in patients with IgA nephropathy, especially at a mild or early stage, to prevent future renal deterioration. In this paper, we focus on IgA class switching and the role of tonsils with focal infection in IgAN.
Topics: B-Lymphocytes; Bone Marrow; Complement Activation; Dendritic Cells; Focal Infection; Glomerular Mesangium; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin Class Switching; Palatine Tonsil; Plasma Cells; T-Lymphocytes; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 23269075
DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.52.161 -
Anesthesiology Mar 2010
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Child; Dexamethasone; Humans; Laryngoscopy; Male; Optical Fibers; Palatine Tonsil; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Tongue; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 20179514
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181c5e006