Antibiotic
dactinomycin
[ dak-tuh-noh-mahy-sin ]
Brand Names:
Cosmegen
Effect:
Decreased DNA Integrity; Decreased Protein Synthesis; Decreased RNA Integrity
May Treat:
Choriocarcinoma;
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease;
Melanoma;
Neuroblastoma;
Retinoblastoma;
Rhabdomyosarcoma;
Sarcoma, Ewing;
Sarcoma, Kaposi;
Soft Tissue Neoplasms;
Testicular Neoplasms;
Uterine Neoplasms;
Wilms Tumor
More Information:
Definitions related to dactinomycin:
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A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces parvulus. Dactinomycin intercalates between adjacent guanine-cytosine base pairs, blocking the transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase; it also causes single-strand DNA breaks, possibly via a free-radical intermediate or an interaction with topoisomerase II. (NCI04)NCI ThesaurusU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
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An anticancer drug that is a type of antitumor antibiotic.NCI Dictionary of Cancer TermsU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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